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Unit One Beijing 1

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 1

1．Beijing Today and Yesterday 1

Contents 1

2．The Great Wall 5

3．The Temple of Heaven 6

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 8

Ⅲ．Language Points 17

1．“解放”怎么译？ 17

2．一些中国特有的词组、用语的翻译 17

3．表示地理位置时用的介词in，of和to 17

4．倍数表达法 17

、 5．同义词、近义词辨析 18

1．Sports in China 20

Unit Two Sports 20

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 20

2．Wushu－A Traditional Sport 24

3．Qigong 26

4．China’s Football Needs Reform 27

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 28

Ⅲ．Language Points 40

1．Record一词的搭配法 40

2．得冠军、得奖牌的表达法 41

3．体育运动中的“实力”、“强项”怎么译？ 41

4．“黑马”为什么是“dark”horse？ 42

5．同义词、近义词辨析 42

1．Guidelines and Goals for Educatiohal Development 43

Unit Three Education 43

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 43

2．Major Types of Education in China 44

3．Preschool Education 45

4．Project Hope 46

5．Vocational Education 48

6．Reform in Higher Education 50

7．Comprehensive Rural Education Reform 51

8．Zhongshan University 52

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 55

Ⅲ．Language Points 68

1．Education一词的搭配法 68

3．Ability一词的搭配法 69

2．School一词的搭配法 69

4．“培养（人才）”怎么译？ 70

5．“工作单位”怎么译？ 70

6．Program一词的意思 70

7．同义词、近义词辨析 71

Unit Four Economy and Reform 73

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 73

1．China’s Economy in the 1990s 73

2．Fresh Impetus from Deng Xiaoping’s Message on Reform and Opening Up 78

3．China’s Second Revolution 82

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 86

Ⅲ．Language Points 94

1．Reform一词的搭配法 94

3．“坚持”怎么译？ 95

2．“改革开放”的表达法 95

4．直译与意译 97

5．同义词、近义词辨析 98

Unit Five Industry 100

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 100

1．Shoudu Iron and Steel Company 100

2．Reasons for a Successful Reform：Questions and Answers 101

3．China’s Light Industry 104

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 106

参观单位接待用语 112

Ⅲ．Language Points 114

1．System一词的搭配法 114

2．增／减产的表达法 114

4．Operation一词的意思 115

3．“达到”怎么译？ 115

5．Capacity一词的意思 116

6．同义词、近义词辨析 117

Unit Six Agriculture 118

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 118

1．China’s Rural Reform 118

2．Village and Township Industries Develop and Flourish 123

3．Spark Plan Leads Rural Enterprises to Prosperity 125

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 127

Ⅲ．Language Points 134

1．Attention一词的搭配法 134

2．“提高”的表达法 135

4．“生产”、“产量”、“产品”的各种表达法 136

3．农村的“村”、“乡”、“县”、“专区”如何表达？ 136

5．同义词、近义词辨析 138

Unit Seven Foreign Trade and Special Economic ZonesⅠ．Reading Materials 140

1．China’s Foreign Economic Relations and Trade 140

2．Special Economic Zones in China 144

3．Hainan Special Economic Zone 145

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 147

Ⅲ．Language Points 157

1．Trade一词的搭配法 157

2．“参加”、“参与”怎么译？ 158

3．动词expand的用法 159

4．口译中的取舍 160

1．Chinese Women－Half of the Sky 161

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 161

Unit Eight Women and Children 161

2．Women in Political Life 162

3．Employment of Women 164

4．Education for Women 166

5．Social Welfare for Women 167

6．Chinese Laws Protect Minors 169

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 172

一些正、副职的表达法 188

Ⅲ．Language Points 189

1．Consciousness一词的搭配法 189

2．构成百分比的一些表达法 190

3．“平等”、“不平等”如何表达？ 190

1．Characteristics of the Aging of Population in China 192

Unit Nine The Elderly and the Family 192

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 192

2．The Work on Aging in China 193

3．The Chinese Family and Family Life 195

4．Traditional Ethics and Contemporary Marriage 198

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 200

Ⅲ．Language Points 207

1．Standard一词的搭配法 207

2．Change一词的搭配法 208

3．“老人”怎么译？ 209

4．同义词、近义词辨析 209

1．Free Medical Care 211

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 211

Unit Ten Medicine 211

2．Reform in the Free Medical Care System 213

3．Traditional Chinese Medicine 215

4．Beijing Friendship Hospital 217

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 218

Ⅲ．Language Points 235

1．Cover和某种“保险”连用 235

2．Develop和某种“疾病”连用 236

3．“上升”和“下降”的表达法 236

4．“机关”、“机构”怎么译？ 236

5．同义词、近义词辨析 237

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 240

1．Characteristics of China’s Population 240

Unit Eleven Population and Family Planning 240

2．Three Patterns of China’s Population Growth 242

3．Family Planning in China 243

4．Further Practice of Family Planning Needed 248

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 250

Ⅲ．Language Points 254

1．“照顾”怎么译？ 254

2．“考虑”怎么译？ 255

3．“宣传”、“传播”、“普及”、“推广”怎么译？ 256

4．Achieve作及物动词的种种用法 257

5．同义词、近义词辨析 258

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 260

1．China—A Unitary，Multi-National Country 260

Unit Twelve Minority Nationalities 260

2．China’s Policies on Nationalities 263

3．China’s 56 Nationalities 263

4．Democratic Reform，Socialist Transforrmation and National Autonomy 267

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 269

Ⅲ．Language Points 278

1．Unity一词的搭配法 278

2．Movement一词的搭配法 278

3．Practice作及物动词的种种用法 278

4．同义词、近义词辨析 279

Unit Thirteen Religion 281

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 281

1．ReligiousBeliefs of the Nationalities in China 281

2．China’s Policy on Religious Belief 288

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 289

1．Influence一词的搭配法 299

Ⅲ．Language Points 299

2．Activity一词的搭配法 300

3．Policy一词的搭配法 301

4．同义词、近义词辨析 302

Unit Fourteen Environmental Protection 304

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 304

1．China’s Position on Environment and Development 304

2．The Environmental Situation in China Today 308

3．Afforestation of Taihang Mountains 310

4．Plans to Add More Sea Parks 311

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 312

1．Cooperation一词的搭配法 321

Ⅲ．Language Points 321

2．Development一词的搭配法 322

3．Partnership一词的搭配法 322

4．同义词、近义词辨析 323

Unit Fifteen China’s Foreign Policy 325

Ⅰ．Reading Materials 325

1．China’s Foreign Policy 325

2．China’s Views on a New World Order and Human Rights 327

3．Sino-Japanese Relations 330

4．Sino-U．S．Relations 333

5．Ties with Western Europe 335

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 337

1．Relation一词的搭配法 350

Ⅲ．Language Points 350

2．Principle一词的搭配法 351

3．Friendship一词的搭配法 352

4．“主张”怎么译？ 353

5．“维护”怎么译？ 354

6．“重视”、“注意”怎么译？ 355

7．“反对”怎么译？ 358

8．“遵守”、“遵循”、“遵照”怎么译？ 358

9．祝酒时怎么说？ 360

Unit Sixteen Policies towards Hong Kong，Macao，and TaiwanⅠ．Reading Materials 361

1．Taiwan，Hong Kong，and Macao－All Part of China’s Territory 361

2．The Hong Kong Question 362

3．The Macao Question 367

4．The Taiwan Question 369

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions 372

Ⅲ．Language Points 381

1．Sovereignty一词的搭配法 381

2．Treaty一词的搭配法 381

3．“恢复”怎么译？ 382

4．“按照”、“根据”怎么译？ 383

5．同义词、近义词辨析 386

Appendixes 390

附录一 口译使用的语言 390

附录二 如何记笔记 396

附录三 数字的译法 400

附录四 成语、谚语的译法 403

Exercises and Key to Exercises 407