英语语音学PDF电子书下载

Chapter Ⅰ Introduction 1

Means of Communication 1

The Speech Chain 1

Three Branches of Phonetics 3

English Phonetics 4

The Need for the Study of Phonetics 4

The Phoneme 6

Phonetic Transcription 12

English RP 18

Chapter Ⅱ Organs of Speech 22

Three Important Areas 22

The Larynx 23

The Oral Tract 24

The Nasal Tract 27

Chapter Ⅲ Classification of Speech Sounds 29

Vowels and Consonants 29

In Terms of Articulation 29

In Terms of Sonority 31

In Terms of Function 32

Chapter Ⅳ The English Consonant Phonemes 35

Classification of Consonants 35

The Differences Between Voiced and Voiceless Consonants 40

Plosives 43

Fricatives 55

Affricates 59

Nasals 63

Approximants 66

Frictionless Continuant/r/ 67

Lateral/l/ 68

Semi-Vowels 70

Chapter Ⅴ The English Vowel Phonemes 75

Cardinal Vowels 76

Classiflcation of Vowels 83

Monophthongs 85

Front Vowels 86

Back Vowels 90

Central Vowels 93

Diphthongs 98

The Nature of Diphthongs 98

Types of Diphthongs 100

Closing Diphthongs 100

Centring Diphthongs 107

Difficulties of Chinese Learners in Acquiring Dipnthongs 110

Chapter Ⅵ Syllable Formation and Syllable Division 114

Types of Syllable 115

Syllable Division 115

Chapter Ⅶ Sounds in Connected Speech 118

Assimilation 118

Elision 123

Liaison 124

Suprasegmentals 130

Stress 130

Rhythm 144

Strong and Weak Forms 154

Chapter Ⅷ English Intonation 170

The Nature of Intonation 170

The Importance of Intonation 171

Intonation and Meaning 173

Intonation Notation 73

The Structure of Intonation 174

Two Forms of Intonation 184

Unemphatic Forms 184

Emphatic(or Intensified)Forms 195

Difficulties of Chinese Learners in Learning English Intonation 202

Chapter Ⅸ American Pronunciation and Intonation 211

General American English(GA) 211

Peculiarities of GA Pronunciation 211

Peculiarities of GA Intonation 213

American and British Intonation Differences 216

Practice Material for English Pronunciation 221

Glossary 355

Bibliography 373

Index 375