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Part Ⅰ The United States 1

Unit One The Land and the People 1

Focal Points 1

Discussion Questions 1

Text 1

A Land of Abundance 2

A Nation of Immigrants 5

In Search of the American Dream 7

The National Character 9

Notes 12

Exercises 12

Reference Answers 15

Unit Two American Politics 17

Focal Points 17

Discussion Questions 17

Text 17

Political Beliefs 18

Political System 21

Political Parties，Interest Groups and Citizenry 24

Notes 27

Exercises 28

Reference Answers 30

Unit Three American Values and Assumptions 32

Focal Points 32

Discussion Questions 32

Text 32

Individualism 33

Equality 35

Achievement，Hard Work，and Materialism 37

Optimism，Change，and Progress 39

Notes 41

Exercises 41

Reference Answers 44

Unit Four Religion in American Life 46

Focal Points 46

Discussion Questions 46

Text 46

“In God We Trust” 47

Religious Pluralism 50

Popular Religion 53

Notes 55

Exercises 56

Reference Answers 59

Unit Five Education in America 61

Focal Points 61

Discussion Questions 61

Text 61

Guiding Principles 62

Goals of Education 66

Management of Education 71

Notes 73

Exercises 73

Reference Answers 76

Unit Six The American Family 79

Focal Points 79

Discussion Questions 79

Text 79

The Changing Family 80

Marriage Relationship 82

Parenting 86

Notes 88

Exercises 88

Reference Answers 91

Unit Seven Leisure Life in America 93

Focal Points 93

Discussion Questions 93

Text 93

Sports 94

Recreation 97

Weekends and Vacations 100

Notes 105

Exercises 105

Reference Answers 108

Unit Eight Social Services 110

Focal Points 110

Discussion Questions 110

Text 110

Public Social Services 111

Voluntary Services 115

Health Care Services 117

Housing 120

Notes 122

Exercises 123

Reference Answers 126

Part Ⅱ The Great Britain 129

Unit Nine The Land and the People 129

Focal Points 129

Discussion Questions 129

Text 129

The Land 130

The People 134

Notes 140

Exercises 140

Reference Answers 143

Unit Ten Government and Politics 145

Focal Points 145

Discussion Questions 145

Text 145

A Bird's-Eye View of British Political History 145

Political System 149

Political Parties and Citizenry 154

Notes 157

Exercises 158

Referenee Answers 160

Unit Eleven British Values and Assumptions 163

Focal Points 163

Discussion Questions 163

Text 163

Senses of Irony and Humor 164

Fair Play，Trust and Compromise 166

The English Reserve and Politeness 167

Class Consciousness 170

Keeping Order，Work Ethic and Drink 174

Notes 175

Exercises 176

Reference Answers 179

Unit Twelve Religion in British Life 181

Focal Points 181

Discussion Questions 181

Text 181

A Bird's Eye View of Religious History 182

Christianity and Other World Religions 184

Religion and Society 189

Notes 192

Exercises 193

Reference Answers 196

Unit Thirteen British Education 198

Focal Points 198

Discussion Questions 198

Text 198

Schools 199

Colleges and Universities 202

Changes and Trends in Education 206

Notes 208

Exercises 210

Reference Answers 213

Unit Fourteen The British Family 215

Focal Points 215

Discussion Questions 215

Text 215

The Changing Family 216

Marriage Relationship 219

Parenting 222

Notes 224

Exercises 225

General Questions 227

Reference Answers 228

Unit Fifteen Leisure Life in Britain 230

Focal Points 230

Discussion Questions 230

Text 230

Leisure around the Home 231

Public Entertainment 233

New Patterns in Leisure 239

Notes 241

Exercises 242

Reference Answers 245

Unit Sixteen Social Services 247

Focal Points 247

Discussion Questions 247

Text 247

The Welfare State：An Overview 247

The Welfare System 251

Housing and Personal Social Services 254

Notes 257

Exercises 257

Reference Answers 260

Bibliography 262

Websites 264