第一章 副词构句 1
Ⅰ.条件 1
(1)if+Indicative(直叙法) 1
(2)if+Subjunctive(假定法) 1
(A)if+Subjunctive Present 2
(B)if+Subjunctive Past 2
(C)if+Subjunctive Past Perfect 2
(3)if-clause的省略形 6
(4)略去if而将Verb或Auxiliary Verb置於Subject之前 7
(5)unless 8
(6)but for 9
(7)but that 9
(8)in case(that);in case of 10
(9)provided(that) 11
(10)Imperative(命令法)+and 12
(11)Imperative(命令法)+or(or else) 13
(12)granting that;let it be granted that 14
(13)suppose(that) 15
(14)Nominative Absolute(独立分词构句) 15
(15)whether...or 16
(16)otherwise 16
(17)表示条件的Infinitive 17
(18)Participial Phrase(分词短语)的条件句 18
(19)Gerunds(动名词) 19
(20)表示条件的once-clause 19
(21)表示条件的with或without 20
(22)表示Wish的if-clause 21
Ⅱ.原因或理由 21
(1)because 21
(2)for 23
(3)as 23
(4)since 24
(5)inasmuch as 25
(6)Participial Phrase(分词短语) 26
(7)Nominative Absolute(独立分词构句) 28
(8)Infinitive 30
(9)that 31
(10)以Relative Pronouns(Adverbs)开始的Clauses 32
(11)Preposition(前置词)+Gerund 33
(12)for fear of+Gerund;for fear that 34
(13)Prepositional Phrases(前置词短语) 35
(14)what with...and what with 37
(15)in that 37
(16)lest 37
(17)whereas 38
Ⅲ.目的 39
(A)同格构句 39
(1)so 39
(2)accordingly 39
(3)therefore 39
(4)conseguently 39
(5)then 40
(6)hence(thence) 40
(7)thus 40
(8)as a result 40
(9)with the result(consequence)that 41
(B)附属构句 41
(10)so that 41
(11)that与so...that 42
(12)so...as to;such as to 43
(13)whence 44
(14)wherefore 44
(15)表示结果的Infinitive 45
(16)表示结果的Prepositional phra?es 46
Ⅳ.让步 47
(1)though,although 47
(2)though(although)与Subjunctive连用 48
(3)though,although句中Verb的省略 49
(4)though或although的倒置 50
(5)让步的as与that 51
(6)if,even if 52
if的强势形的even if 53
插入式的if-clause(主词与动词的省略) 54
if或even if的省略形(动词先行) 54
(7)granted that 55
(8)表示让步的may...,but(and yet) 56
(9)indeed...but(and yet) 57
(10)for all(that) 57
(11)however+Adjective(或Adverb) 58
(12)以-ever,-soever等开始的Concessive Clause 59
(13)no matter how(what,who,etc.) 61
(14)由Pronoun的转置的让步(命令形的让步) 62
(15)Imperative(命令法)+as one may(will) 63
(16)省略though(although)的让步句 63
(17)Concessive Clause的约缩 64
(18)whilst,while 65
(19)in spite of(the fact that) 66
(20)despite,regardless of 66
(21)notwithstanding 67
(22)when 67
(23)whereas 68
(24)Infinitive表示让步的场合 69
(25)Participles(分词语句) 69
Ⅴ.目的 70
(1)表示Purpose的Infinitive 70
(2)in order to 71
(3)on purpose to(Infinitive) 71
(4)that...may 72
(5)in order that 73
(6)so that 74
(7)lest 75
(8)so as to 76
(9)表示目的的Phrases 76
(10)and之表示目的者 77
Ⅵ.样态 78
(1)as 78
(2)as-clause(动词省略) 79
(3)as-clause(主词省略) 79
(4)as-clause(主词与动词省略) 80
(5)as(导插入句) 81
(6)as if;though 82
(7)as much as(as if)to say 83
(8)like,unlike 84
(9)like(Colloquial Use) 85
(10)so that 85
(11)such that 86
(12)Participles或Participial Phrases 87
(13)what 87
Ⅶ.程度,比例,比较 88
(1)as...as 88
(2)as...as(动词省略形) 90
(3)(not)so...as 92
(4)not so much...as 93
(5)as(as much as的省略形) 94
(6)in proportion as 95
(7)according as 95
(8)(more)than 96
(9)than-clause的动词省略 than-clause的主词省略 than-clause的主词动词省略 97
(10)so...that 98
(11)so much...that;so much so that 100
(12)such...that 100
(13)so...as to 101
(14)but that 102
(15)the+比较级 102
(16)too+Infinitive 103
(17)too+for 104
(18)表示程度的Prepositional Phrases 104
(19)Measures(数量表现法) 105
Ⅷ.除外 107
(1)beyond 107
(2)but 107
(3)but that 108
(4)except;except that 109
(5)excepting 110
(6)save;save that 111
(7)only that 112
(8)other than 113
Ⅸ.场所 114
(1)where 114
(2)whence 115
(3)whither 116
(4)wherever,wheresoever 116
Ⅹ.时 119
(1)when 119
(2)while;whilst 120
(3)after 122
(4)before 123
(5)until;till 124
(6)as 126
(7)since 127
(8)now that 128
(9)directly;immediately 129
(10)the moment,the instant,etc 130
(11)once 131
(12)as long as;so long as 132
(13)as soon as 132
(14)as often as 134
(15)whenever,whencoever 135
(16)every time 136
(17)by the time(that) 136
(18)ere 137
(19)Nominative Absolute(独立分词构句) 138
(20)Participial Phrase 140
(21)when-clause的省略形 141
(22)Gerund after Preposition 142
(23)Prepositional Phrase of Time 143
(24)Nouns Used as Adverbs 146
Ⅺ.限制 148
(1)as,as far as 148
(2)as regards 149
(3)for所导引的Restrictive Phrases 150
(4)in that,in so far as 151
Ⅻ.附带事情 153
(1)Nominative Absolute(独立分词构句) 153
(2)much less;still less;much more;still more 154
(3)Infinitive Phrases 155
(4)while,whereas 156
(5)Participial or Adjective Phrases(分词或形容词短语) 157
(6)without,instead,besides所导的Gerund 159
第二章 形容词构句 162
Ⅰ.形容语句 162
(1)Adjective的後置 162
(2)作形容短语用的Prepositional Phrase 164
(3)作形容短语用的Infinitive 164
(4)Indefinite Article(不定冠词)的转置 165
Ⅱ.分词形容语句 166
(1)名词後的Participles 166
(2)Participles在所修饰的名词之前者 167
(3)作Complement(补足语)用的Participles 168
Ⅲ.同格形容语句 169
(1)Appositive 169
(2)or 170
(3)namely;viz.;that is;i.e.;for example;e.g. 171
(4)as;such as 173
(5)Appositional Clauses(同格的名词子句) 174
Ⅳ.形容词子句 175
(1)who,which,that,etc 175
(2)Relative Pronouns(关系代名词)的省略 177
(3)Antecedent(先行词)的省略 178
(4)when,before,etc 179
(5)where,whence(why) 180
(6)wherein,whereby,etc 181
(7)such as,as 182
(8)作Adjective用的which 183
(9)but 183
第三章 句的种类 187
Ⅰ.平叙句 187
(1)语顺的转置(Adverb置於句首) 187
(2)如‘said he’的转置法 188
(3)强势的语句置於句首的强势法 188
(4)Elliptica Statements(省略句) 189
(5)Exclamatory Statements(感叹句) 191
(6)Parenthetical Statements(插句) 192
Ⅱ.附属句 194
(1)that所导引者 194
(2)that的省略 196
(3)but或but that所导引者 196
(4)lest所导引者 197
(5)Subordinate Exclamatory Statements(附属感叹句) 198
(6)作Complement用的Infinitive 198
(7)Possesive+Gerund(所有格+动名词) 199
Ⅲ.命令句 200
(1)Subject(第二人称)被省略的命令 200
(2)Subject(第二人称)you,thou不省略的命令 200
(3)转置Subject与Verb的命令 201
(4)用let的命令 202
(5)Will(would)you...?的命令 202
(6)Exclamatory Commands(感叹的命令) 203
(7)带be的第三人称命令 203
(8)置pray於句首的命令 204
(9)please之後跟Infinitive(to)的命令 205
Ⅳ.附属命令 205
(1)Infinitive表示附属命令的场合 205
(2)that...should(might)与附属命令 206
Ⅴ.疑问句 209
(1)句首附疑问词的Questions 209
(2)代疑问句的Statements 211
(3)疑问句与do,does,did 212
(4)带can的Deliberate Question;带be的Deliberate Question 212
(5)Rhetorical Question(修辞的疑问) 213
(6)带should的修辞疑问句 214
(7)Elliptical Question(省略疑问句) 215
(8)Parenthetic Question(插入疑问) 215
(9)Interrogatives不在句首的Questions 216
Ⅵ.附属疑问 217
(1)if-clause的附属疑问;whether-clause的附属疑问 217
(2)Interrogatives所导的Subordinate Questions 218
(3)用Infinitive的Subordinate Questions 220
(4)Elliptical Subordinate Questions 221
Ⅶ.特殊的主词·目的语·名词子句 222
(1)it(anticipatory) 222
(2)强调的it 224
(3)反覆(recapitulatory)的it 225
(4)非人称的it 226
(5)Noun Clause(名词子句) 227
(6)Gerunds的Noun Clause代用 230
(7)Indirect Object(词接目的语)在Direct Object(直接目的语)之前的场合;Direct Object(直接目的语)在Indirect Object(间接目的语)之前的场合 231
第四章 同格构句 234
Ⅰ.殊特同格接续词 234
(1)again 234
(2)also 234
(3)even 234
(4)besides 235
(5)as well;as well as 235
(6)both...and 236
(7)what is more(better,etc.) 237
(8)not only...but(also) 238
(9)when 239
(10)where 240
(11)who 240
(12)which 241
(13)neither...nor;either...or 242
Ⅱ.反意的同格句 244
(1)but 244
(2)nevertheless 245
(3)notwithstanding 245
(4)only 245
(5)an the contrary 246
(6)on the other hand 246
(7)rather 247
(8)stiil;yet 247
(9)though 248
(10)withal 248
(11)all the same;just the same 248
(12)conversely 249
Ⅲ.排列与解剖 249
(1)at one time...at another 249
(2)first,then,finally;first,then,last 250
(3)first,second,etc.;firstly,secondly,etc. 250
(4)half...half 251
(5)in the first place...in the second place,etc 252
(6)now...now 252
(7)partly...partly 253
(8)sometimes...sometimes 253
(9)at times...at times 254
(10)what with...and what with 254
(11)the former...the latter 255
第五章 特殊动词及动词语句 257
Ⅰ.作本动词用 257
(1)Transitive Verb(他动词)用法 257
(2)done 258
(3)Intransitive Verb(自动词)用法 259
(4)代Verb的do 259
(5)强调的do 260
(6)转置的do 260
Ⅱ.May 261
(1)Permission;Possibility;may(=ought) 261
(2)may(能力);as best one may 261
(3)may well表示妥当(Propriety)的场合 262
(4)may as well 262
(5)may(might)as well...as 263
Ⅲ.表示决心·意图等的动词语句 264
(1)bent on(upon) 264
(2)have a mind;be going to 264
(3)make up one's mind 265
(4)set one's heart on 265
(5)will(坚强的决意之表示) 265
Ⅳ.表示习惯的行为的动词语句 266
(1)be given to 266
(2)go on;keep on 266
(3)used+Infinitive 267
(4)will(现在的习惯);would(过去的习惯) 267
(5)be wont to 267
Ⅴ.表示必要·义务·愿望等的动词语句 268
(1)is(are)to 268
(2)le bound to 268
(3)be obliged to 269
(4)have to 269
(5)have got to 270
(6)cannot but+Verb;cannot help+Present Participle 270
(7)had better+Infinitive without to;had best+Infinitive without to 271
(8)need 272
(9)needs must,must needs 272
(10)shall 273
(11)ought+to-Infinitive 273
(12)should 274
Ⅵ.愿望表现法的场合 275
(1)正常的语顺 275
(2)语顺的转置 275
(3)以may表示的场合 276
(4)would that(省略式) 276
(5)had(would)as lief 277
(6)would rather;had rather 277
(7)would sooner;would as soon;had sooner;had as soon 278
(8)shall?(询问对方的希望) 279
(9)prefer(one)to(another) 279
(10)should like to 279
(11)will(=wish) 279
Ⅶ.不定词及动名词的特殊用法 280
(1)Infinitive的代Noun 280
(2)Gerund用如Noun 281
(3)Gerund作Verb的Complement用者 282
(4)Infinitive作Verb的Complement用者 282
(5)Infinitive的Adjective限制 282
(6)Parenthetic Infinitive(插入不定词) 283
(7)作感叹句用的Infinitive 284
(8)a-hunting,a-playing,etc. 284
Ⅷ.特殊系辞 285
(1)come(true,right,etc.) 285
(2)fall(short,asleep,etc.) 285
(3)get(wet,dark,etc.) 286
(4)go(hungry,mad,etc.) 286
(5)grow(pale,wet,etc.) 286
(6)hold(true,good,etc.) 287
(7)keep(good,quiet,etc.) 287
(8)lie(in —ing,etc.) 287
(9)look(hungry,young,etc.) 288
(10)make(a good captain,etc.) 288
(11)prove(impossible,to be an imposter,etc.) 288
(12)stand(as matters stand,etc.) 289
(13)turn(traitor,pale,etc.) 289
(14)turn out(a brave man,to be unfounded,etc.) 290
(15)wax(deadly,rich,eloquent,etc.) 290
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