第二语言习得 英文版PDF电子书下载

SECTION 1 Survey 1

1 Introduction:describing and explaining L2 acquisition 3

What is ‘second language acquisition’? 3

What are the goals of SLA? 4

Two case studies 6

Methodological issues 11

Issues in the description of learner language 12

Issues in the explanation of L2 acquisition 13

2 The nature of learner language 15

Errors and error analysis 15

Developmental patterns 20

Variability in learner language 25

Summary 30

3 Interlanguage 31

Behaviourist learning theory 31

A mentalist theory of language learning 32

What is ‘interlanguage’? 33

A computational model of L2 acquisition 35

4 Social aspects of interlanguage 37

Interlanguage as a stylistic continuum 37

The acculturation model of L2 acquisition 39

Social identity and investment in L2 learning 41

5 Discourse aspects of interlanguage 43

Acquiring discourse rules 43

The role of input and interaction in L2 acquisition 44

The role of output in L2 acquisition 49

Summary 50

6 Psycholinguistic aspects of interlanguage 51

L1 transfer 51

The role of consciousness in L2 acquisition 54

Processing operations 57

Communication strategies 60

Two types of computational model 61

7 Linguistic aspects of interlanguage 63

Typological universals:relative clauses 63

Universal Grammar 65

Learnability 66

The critical period hypothesis 67

Access to UG 69

Markedness 70

Cognitive versus linguistic explanations 71

8 Individual differences in L2 acquisition 73

Language aptitude 73

Motivation 75

Learning strategies 76

9 Instruction and L2 acquisition 79

Form-focused instruction 79

Learner-instruction matching 86

Strategy training 87

Summary 87

10 Conclusion:multiple perspectives in SLA 89

SECTION 2 Readings 91

SECTION 3 References 123

SECTION 4 Glossary 137