MASS MEDIA AND AMERICAN POLITICS SECOND EDITIONPDF电子书下载

1 Media Power and Government Control 1

Political Importance of Mass Media 2

Functions of the Mass Media 4

Studying Mass Media Effects 11

Government Control of Mass Media: Assumptions and Methods 19

Summary 27

Notes 28

Readings 31

2 Ownership, Regulation, and Guidance of Media 33

Public, Semipublic, and Private Control and Ownership 34

Patterns of Private Ownership 39

Curbs on Private Control of the Media 47

Control by Media Personnel 57

Summary 64

Notes 65

Readings 68

3 Newsmaking and News Reporting 69

Models of the Newsmaking Process 70

The Gatekeepers 71

News Production Constraints 84

Effects of Gatekeeping 87

Appraising the Newsmaking Process 96

Summary 98

Notes 99

Readings 102

4 Press Freedom and the Law 103

Access to the Media 104

Access to Information 114

Individual Rights vs. the Public’s Right to Know 121

Summary 130

Notes 131

Readings 133

5 Media Impact on Individual Attitudes and Behavior 135

Differential Effects of Print and Broadcast News 136

The Role of Media in Political Socialization 137

Differences in Media Use and Socialization 143

Choosing Media Stories 146

Learning Processes 151

Learning Effects: Knowledge and Attitudes 154

Learning Effects: Behavior 163

Summary 169

Notes 170

Readings 176

6 Elections in the Television Age 177

The State of Research 177

The Consequences of Media Politics 179

Media Content 188

Media Effects 208

Summary 214

Notes 215

Readings 219

7 The Struggle for Control: News from the White House, Congress, and the Courts 221

The Adversary Relationship 221

The Media and the Executive Branch 222

The Media and the Congress 238

The Media and the Courts 248

Summary 252

Notes 254

Readings 257

8 The Media as Policymakers 259

Manipulative Journalism in Perspective 260

Muckraking Models 261

Beyond Muckraking: Power Plays and Surrenders 267

Agenda-building 268

Documentaries and Docudramas 275

Methods: Fair and Foul 277

Summary 279

Notes 281

Readings 283

9 Crisis Coverage 285

The Nature of Crisis Conditions 285

Four Crisis Situations 286

Media Response and Role 289

Summary 302

Notes 303

Readings 305

10 Foreign Affairs Coverage 307

The Foreign News Slice in the News Pie 308

Making Foreign News 309

Appraising the Foreign Newsmaking Process 328

Impact on Public Opinion 330

Exporting News 331

Summary 334

Notes 335

Readings 339

11 Trends in Media Policy 341

Current Dissatisfactions with the Media 341

The Impact of New Technologies 348

The Shape of the Future 357

Summary 362

Notes 363

Readings 365

Index 367