基础科学 Basic SciencePDF电子书下载

INTRODUCTION 1

CHAPTER ONE:THE SCIENTIST AT WORK 1

1．What Is Science? 1

2．Observation 2

3．Instruments 3

4．Questions 5

5．Experimenting 6

6．Finding Answers 9

7．Stating a Problem 10

8．An Hypothesis 12

9．The Answer 13

10．Summing Up 15

CHAPTER TWO:EXPERIMENTING WITH ELECTRICITY 17

1．What Is Electricity? 17

2．Using Electricity 18

3．The Dry Cell 19

4．Sockets and Wires 20

5．Lighting a Bulb 22

6．A Complete Circuit and a Switch 24

7．Conductors and Nonconductors 26

8．A Short Circuit 28

9．A Fuse 30

10．Heat and Electricity 32

11．The Electric-Light Bulb 33

12．Wiring the Circuits 35

13．Batteries and Ways to Obtain Electricity 37

14．Adding Volts 38

15．Electricity in Review 40

CHAPTER THREE:USING MACHINES 41

1．AMachine 41

2．The Lever 42

3．Kinds of Levers 44

4．A Lever for Experimenting 46

5．Pulleys 48

6．Wheel and Axle 50

7．The Inclined Plane 53

8．The Screw 55

9．The Wedge 57

10．The Power Shovel 58

11．Elevators 60

CHAPTER FOUR:WORKING WITH CHEMICALS 63

1．Molecules and Atoms ＆ Elements and Com-pounds 63

2．Matter and Change 66

3．Describing Chemical Changes 69

4．"Breaking"a Compound ＆ Making a Com-pound 73

5．Some Important Chemical Changes 76

6．Chemicals Every Day 78

CHAPTER FIVE:INTO SPACE WITH SATELLITES 79

1．Launching Satellites 79

2．Rocket Power 81

3．Satellite Rockets 82

4．Satellites—Up and Down 84

5．Satellite Instruments 86

词汇表 89