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《汉英现代科学分类词典》目录

标签：汉英词典科学分类

1.科学Science 1

(一)科学与技术Science and Techonolgy 1

一、科学Science 1

(一)科学与技术Science and Technology 1

2.理论Theory 3

3.技术Technology 4

(二)学科门类与现代思潮Branches of Learning and Modern Thoughts 7

1.学科门类Branches of Learning 7

(二)学科门类与现代思潮Branches of Learning and Modern Thoughts 7

2.现代思潮Modern Thoughts 18

(一)一般用语General Terms 67

二、哲学Philosophy 67

(一)一般用语General Terms 67

(二)本体论Ontology 68

1.物质观Conception of Matter 68

2.运动观Conception of Motion 68

(三)辩证法Dialectics 69

3.时空观Conception of Time and Space 69

4.意识观Conception of Consciousness 69

(三)辩证法Dialectics 69

1.一般用语General Terms 69

3.发展观Conception of Development 70

2.联系观Conception of Relation 70

4.范畴观Conception of Category 71

1.一般用语General Terms 72

(四)认识论Epistemology 72

5.辩证思维Dialectical Thinking 72

3.认识过程Process of Cognition 73

4.真理观Conception of Truth 73

2.实践观Comception of Practice 73

2.社会生活Social Life 74

1.一般用语General Terms 74

(五)历史唯物论Historical Materialism 74

4.阶级、国家、革命 Class,State and Revolution 75

3.社会基本矛盾Basic Contradictions in Society 75

(一)总类General 76

1.一般用语General Terms 76

(五)历史唯物论Historical Materialism 76

三、社会学Sociology 76

(一)总类General Terms 76

2.分支社会学Branches of Sociology 77

(二)社会整体结构Whole Structure of Society 78

1.自然环境Natural Environment 78

2.人口因素Population Factor 78

(二)社会整体结构Whole Structure of Society 78

3.经济因素Economic Factor 79

4.政治因素Political Factor 79

(三)社会子整体结构Sud-whole Structure of Society 80

5.文化因素Cultural Factor 80

(三)社会子整体结构Sub-whole Structure of Society 80

1.个人Individual 80

3.社会角色Social Role 81

2.社会化Socialization 81

5.家庭Family 82

4.社会群体Social Group 82

6.社会组织Social Organization 83

8.社会流动Social Mobility 84

7.社会分层Social Stratification 84

9.社区Community 85

(四)社会运行Social Motion 86

2.社会关系Social Relation 86

1.社会交往Social Interaction 86

(四)社会运行Social Motion 86

3.社会行为Social Behaviour 87

5.社会变迁Social Change 88

4.生活方式Life Style 88

(五)社会调适Social Adjustment 89

1.社会制度Social Institution 89

2.社会管理Social Management 89

3.社会保障Social Guarantee 90

4.社会问题Social Problem 90

(二)文化人类学和体质人类学Cultural and Physical Anthropology 91

(一)总论Generl Terms 91

四、人类学Anthropology 91

(一)总论General Terms 91

(二)文化人类学和体质人类学Cultural and Physical Anthropology 91

1.文化人类学Cultural Anthropology 91

2.体质人类学Physical Anthropology 93

(三)民族学和民俗学Ethnology and Folklore 94

1.民族学Ethnology 94

2.民俗学Folklore 94

(三)民族学和民俗学Ethology and Folklore 94

(一) 人口术语与理论General Terms and Population Theory 95

五、人口学Demography 95

2.人口理论Population Theory 95

1.一般用语General Terms 95

(一)人口术语与理论General Terms and Population Theory 95

五、人口学Demography 95

(二)人口普查Population Census 96

1.全民普查Universal Survey of All People 96

(二)人口普查Population Census 96

2.抽样普查Sample Census 97

(三)人口Population 98

(四)婚姻与家庭Marriage and Family 99

1.婚姻Marriage 99

(四)婚姻与家庭Marriage and Family 99

2.家庭Family 100

(五)生育与计划生育Natality and Planned Birth 101

1.生育Natality 101

(五)生育与计划生育Natality and Planned Birth 101

2.计划生育Planned Birth 102

1.生命周期 Life Cycle 103

(六)生命科学Life Science 103

(七)人口迁移Population Migration 104

2.年龄Age 104

(七)人口迁移Population Migration 104

六、政治学Politics 104

六、政治学Politics 106

(一)政治学理论Theory of Politics 106

(二)国际政治学Science of International Politics 111

七、行政学Administration 114

(一)行政管理学Administration Management 114

七、行政学Administration 114

(二)人事、财务行政Personnel,Financial Administration 115

(三)行政机关管理和行政法制Administrative Office Management and Legal System 115

(二)人事、财务行政Personnel, Financial Administration 115

(一)文化种类Kinds of Culture 117

八、文化学Culturology 117

(二)文化学理论Theory of Culturology 119

九、逻辑学Logic 127

(一)逻辑用语与分类General Terms and Logic Classification 127

1.一般用语General Terms 127

2.逻辑分类Logic Classification 127

(一)逻辑用语与分类General Terms and Logic Classification 128

(二)思维、概念与判断Thinking, Concept and Judgement 128

(二)思维、概念与判断Thinking,Concept and Judgement 128

1.思维 Thinking 128

2.概念Concept 129

3.判断Judgement 130

(三)推理与论证Inference and Proof 131

1.推理种类Kinds of Inference 131

(三)推理与论证Inference and Proof 131

2.推理方法Methods of Inference 132

3.认证Proof 132

(四)辩证逻辑与数理逻辑Dialectial Logic and Mathematical Logic 134

(四)辩证逻辑与数理逻辑Dialectical Logic and Mathematical Logic 134

1.辩证逻辑Dialectical Logic 134

2.数理逻辑Mathematical Logic 135

(五)其他逻辑用语Other Logic Terms 136

(五)其他逻辑用语Other Logical Terms 136

(六)中国逻辑史Chinese Logical History 137

1.伦理学流派Ethical Schools 138

十、伦理学Ethics 138

(一)伦理学理论Ethical Theory 138

2.道德原理Moral Principle 138

(一)伦理学理论Ethical Theory 138

3.伦理学术语Ethical Terms 139

(二)社会伦理Social Ethics 140

1.道德Morality 140

(二)社会伦理Social Ethics 140

2.道德关系状态Moral Relation 141

(三)个体道德Individual Morality 142

1.主体性Subjectivity 142

2.善行Good Act 142

3.道德规范Moral Rules 142

3.恶行Bad Act 143

4.道德情感Moral Sentiments 144

5.善的品质Good Qualities 144

6.恶的品质Bad Qualities 145

(二)审美Aesthetic Appreciation 146

(一)一般用语General Terms 146

十一、美学Aesthetics 146

(二)审美Aesthetic Appreciation 146

1.审美对象Aesthetic Object 146

(一)一般用语General Terms 146

十一、美学Aesthetics 146

2.审美意识Aesthetic Consciousness 147

(三)文艺美学Aesthetics of Literature and Art 148

(四)美术学与音乐学Science of Art and Musicology 149

1.美术学Science of Art 149

(四)美术学与音乐学Science of Art and Musicology 149

2.音乐学Musicology 149

1.戏剧学Science of Theatre 150

(五)戏剧学与电影学Science of Theatre and Filmology 150

2.电影学Filmology 151

(六)中国古典美学Chinese Classical Aesthetics 151

(一)总类General Terms 152

十二、心理学Psychology 152

(一)总类General Terms 152

十二、心理学Psychology 152

(二)普通心理学和教育用心理学General Psychlology and Educational Psychology 153

1.普通心理学General Psychology 153

(二)普通心理学和教育心理学General Psychology and Educational Psychology 153

2.教育心理学Educational Psychology 155

1.发展心理学Developmental Psychology 156

(三)发展心理学和工程心理学Developmental Psychology and Engineering Psychology 156

(四)心理测验Psychological Testing 158

2.工程心理学Engineering Psychology 158

(五)社会心理学和医学心理学Social Psychology and Medical Psychology 159

1.社会心理学Social Psychology 159

(五)社会心理学和医学心理学Social Psychology and Medical Psychology 159

(四)心理测验Psychological Testing 159

2.医学心理学Medical Psychology 160

(六)生理心理学和神经心理学Physiological Psychology and Neuropsychology 162

2.神经心理学Neuropsychology 162

1.生理心理学Physiological Psychology 162

(六)生理心理学和神经心理学Physiological Psychology and Neuropsychology 162

(七)动物心理学和运动心理学Animal Psychology and Psychololgy of Sports 163

1.动物心理学Animal Psychology 163

(七)动物心理学和运动心理学Animal Psychology and Psychology of Sports 163

2.运动心理学Psychology of Sports 164

十三、语言学Linguistics 165

(一)语言的起源与分类Origin and Classification of Language 165

2.语言的分类Classification of Language 165

1.语言的起源Origin of Language 165

(一)语言的起源与分类Origin and Classification of Language 165

十三、语言学Linguistics 165

(二)语言学流派Linguistic Schools 166

(三)语音学、音位学和音系学Phonetics,phonemics and Phonology 167

1.语音学Phonetics 167

(三)语音学、音位学和音系学Phonetics, Phonemics and Phonology 167

2.音位学和音系学Phonemics and Phonology 169

(四)语法学Grammar 169

1.一般用语General Terms 169

(四)语法学Grammar 169

2.词法Morphology 170

3.句法Syntax 171

1.词汇学Lexicology 172

(五)词汇学和语义学Lexicology and Semantics 172

2.语义学Semantics 173

(六）修辞学和文体学Rhetoric and Stylistics 174

1.修辞学Rhetoric 174

(六)修辞学和文体学Rhetoric and Stylistics 174

2.文体学Stylistics 175

1.社会语言学Sociolinguistics 175

(七)社会语言学和心理语言学Socialinguistics and Psycholinguistics 175

(七）社会语言学和心理语言学Socialinguistics and Psycholinguistics 175

2.心理语言学Psycholinguistics 176

(八)语用学Pragmatics 177

(九)其他Others 177

(八)语用学Pragmatics 177

十四、情报学Informatics 179

(一)一般用语General Terms 179

十四、情报学Informatics 179

(二)情报与情报符号Information and Symbol 180

1.情报种类Kinds of Information 180

(二)情报与情报符号Information and Symbol 180

(三)情报资料Information Materials 181

2.情报符号Information Symbols 181

(四)情报处理与翻译Information Processing and Translation 182

1.情报处理Information Processing 182

(四)情报处理与翻译Information Processing and Translation 182

2.翻译工作Translation Activities 183

2.分类工作Classifying 184

(五)系统分编与分类工作Arrangements and Classifying 184

1.系统分编Arrangements 184

(五)系统分编与分类工作Arrangements and Classifying 184

1.目录工作Bibliographical Work 185

(六)目录与编码Bibliographical Work and Codification 185

2.编码工作Codification 186

(七)情报检索与标引Information Retrieval and Indexing 186

1.情报检索Information Retrieval 186

2.情报标引Indexing 187

(八)文献工作与情报服务Documentation and Information Service 188

1.文献工作Documentation Activities 188

(八)文献工作与情报服务Documentation and Information Service 188

2.情报服务Information Service 189

(一)一般用语General Terms 192

十五、政治经济学Political Economy 192

十五、政治经济学political Economy 192

(一)一般用语General Terms 192

(二)前资本主义Precapitalism 193

1.商品Commodity 194

(三)资本主义Capitalism 194

2.货币Currency 195

3.资本Capital 195

5.经济危机Economic Crisis 197

4.剩余价值Surplus Value 197

(四)帝国主义Imperialism 198

(五)社会主义Socialism 199

(一)会计种类Kinds of Accounting 202

十六、会计学Accounting 202

(二)会计业务与管理Accounting Activity and Management 202

(一)会计种类Kinds of Accounting 202

十六、会计学Accounting 202

(三)政府会计和预算会计Government and Budget Accouting 203

1.政府会计Government Accounting 203

(三)政府计会和预算会计Government and Budget Accounting 203

2.预算会计 Budget Accounting 204

(四)银行会计Bank Accounting 205

2.信托、信贷会计Trust and Credit Accounting 205

1.存款、贷款会计Deposit and Loan Accounting 205

(四)银行会计Bank Accounting 205

3.外汇会计Foreign Exchange Accounting 206

4.其他Others 206

(五)财务会计Financial Accounting 207

1.财务行政与管理Financial Administration and Management 207

2.现金现纳Cash 207

(五)财务会计Financial Accounting 207

(六)成本会计Cost Accounting 208

1.成本与成本计算法Cost and Cost Approach 208

(六)成本会计Cost Accounting 208

2.成本明细表Cost Statement 209

(七)簿记学Bookkeeping 210

1.账目与账本Accounts and Account Book 210

2.记账法Bookkeeping Method 210

(七)簿记学Bookkeeping 210

3.财务报表Financial Statements 211

(八)审计学Auditing 212

4.报表格式Statement Form 212

十七、金融学Finance 215

(一)金融学理论Theory of Finance 215

(二)货币Money and Currency 215

1.货币Currencies 215

(二)货币Money and Currency 215

(一)金融学理论Theory of Finance 215

十七、金融学Finance 215

2.货币管理Currency Control 217

3.造币Coinage 219

4.各国货币Moneys of the World 220

(三)银行Bank 223

1.银行及信用社Banks, Credit Cooperatives 223

(三)银行Bank 223

2.银行各部门Bank Departments and Offices 224

(四)银行业务与票据Banking Business and Bank Money 225

1.银行业务Banking Business 225

2.支票Cheque 228

3.汇票Draft 229

(五)信用证Letter of Credit 230

1.信用证种类Kinds of L/C 230

(五)信用证Letter of Credit 230

2.信用证管理Management of L/C 231

(六)存款Deposit 232

1.银行存款Deposit at Bank 232

2.存款种类Kinds of Deposit 234

(七)信贷、利息与现金Credit,Interest and Cash 234

1.信贷Credit 234

(七)信贷、利息与现金Credit, Interest and Cash 234

2.利息Interest 237

3.现金Cash 238

(八)信托与抵押Trust and Mortgage 240

1.信托Trust 240

2.抵押Mortgage 242

(九)外汇Foreign Exchange 243

(一)管理工程理论和现代产业Theory of Management Engineering and Modern Industries 247

十八、管理工程学Science of Management Engineering 247

(一)管理工程理论和现代产业Theory of Management Engineering and Modern Industries 247

十八、管理工程学Science of Management Engineering 247

1.管理工程理论Theory of Management Engineering 247

2.现代产业Modern Industries 250

(二)企业管理原理、组织及领导Principle,Organization and Leadership of Enterprise Management 252

(二)企业管理原理、组织及领导Principle,Organization and Leadership of Enterpise Management 252

(三)计划管理与经营决策Planning Management and Managerial Decision-making 254

1.计划与指标Plans and Indicators 254

2.统计、决策与合同Statistics ,Decision-making and Contracts 255

(四)科技管理Management of Science and Technology 256

1.新技术、新产品开发Development of New Technology and New Products 256

2.设计与工艺管理Design and Process Managememt 257

3.科研管理Management of Scientific Research 258

(五)生产管理Production Management 258

1.生产过程组织Organization of Production Process 258

2.质量管理Quality Management 259

3.设备管理Equipment Management 260

4.物资管理Materials and Equipment Management 261

(六)劳动人事管理Labour and Personnel Management 262

(六)劳动人事管理Labour and Personnel Manangement 262

1.雇工制度Employment System 262

5.能源管理与环境保护Energy Management and Environmental Protection 262

2.工资制度Wage System 264

(七)劳动保险与劳动保护Labour Insurance and Protection 265

1.劳动保险Labour Insurance 265

(七)劳动保险与劳动保护Labour Insurance and Protection 265

2.劳动保护Labour Protection 266

(八)市场与销售管理Market and Sales Management 267

1.市场Market 267

2.价格Price 268

3.销售Sale 268

(九)财务管理Financial Management 269

1.资金管理Fund Management 269

(九)财务管理Financial Managment 269

3.税金Tax 270

2.利润管理Profit Managemgent 270

5.经济核算Economic Calculation 271

4.成本管理Cost Management 271

6.会计与审计Accounting and Auditing 272

(十)系统工程Systems Engineering 272

1.算术Arithmetic 274

十九、数学Mathematics 274

(一)算术与初等代数Arithmetic and Elementary Algebra 274

十九、数学Mathematics 274

2.初等代数Elementary Algebra 275

(二)三角学与几何学Trigonometry and Geometry 277

1.三角学Trigonometry 277

2.几何学Geometry 278

(1)平面几何学Plane Geometry 278

(2)立体几何学Solid Geometry 279

(三)解析几何(平面)与数学分析Analytic Geometry in the Plane and Mathematical Analysis 280

1.解析几何(平面)Analytic Geometry in the Plane 280

(三)解析几何(平面)与数学分析Analytic Geometry in the Plane and Mathematical Analysis 280

2.数学分析Mathematical Analysis 282

(四)微积分学和计算数学Infinitesimal Calculus and Computational Mathematics 283

1.微积分学Infinitesimal Calculus 283

(1)微分学Differential Calculus 283

(2)积分学Integral Calculus 283

2.计算数学Computational Mathematics 284

二十、物理学Physics 286

(一)总类General 286

1.一般用语General Terms 286

2.单位制System of Units 286

(一)总类General Terms 286

二十、物理学Physics 286

(二)力学与分子物理学Mechanice and Molecular Physics 287

(二)力学与分子物理学Mechanics and Molecular physics 287

1.力学Mechanics 287

2.分子物理学Molecular Physics 289

(1)分子运动Molecular Motion 289

(3)气体分子运动论Kinetic Theory of Gases 290

(2)物态State 290

(三)热学、振动和波Heat, Vibration and Wave 291

1.热学Heat 291

(三)热学、振动和波Heat ,Vibration and Wave 291

2.振动和波Vibration and Wave 292

(四)声学与光学Acoustics and Optics 293

(四)声学与光学Acoustics and optics 293

1.声学Acoustics 293

2.光学Optics 294

(五)电磁学与半导体Electromagnetics and Semiconductor 296

1.电磁学Electromagnetics 296

2.半导体Semiconductor 298

(六)原子物理学Atomic Physics 299

二十一、化学Chemistry 301

1.一般用语General Terms 301

(一)化学元素Chemical Elements 301

2.化学元素Chemical Elements 301

二十一、化学Chemistry 301

(一)化学元素Chemical Elements 301

1.物理化学Physical Chemistry 303

(二)物理化学与无机化学Physical and Inorganic Chemistry 303

3.超铀元素Transuranic Elements 303

2.无机化学Inorganic Chemistry 305

(三)有机化学与分析化学Organic and Analytic Chemistry 308

1.有机化学Organic Chemistry 308

(三)有机化学与分析化学Organic and Analytic Chemistry 308

2.分析化学Analytic Chemistry 310

(一)总类General 312

二十二、天文学Astronomy 312

1.天文观测与描述Astronomical Observation and Description 312

二十二、天文学Astronomy 312

(一)总类General Terms 312

2.天文仪器Astronomical Instruments 313

1.恒星世界The Stellar Universe 314

(二) 星Star 314

(二)星Star 314

(2)南天星座Southern Constellations 315

2.星座Constellations 315

(1)北天星座Northern Constellations 315

1.太阳Sun 316

(三)太阳系The Solar System 316

2.行星Planet 316

(四)地月系统The Earth-Moon System 317

(四)地月系统The Earth-Moom System 317

3.卫星与其他Satellite and Others 317

(五)交食与掩映Eclipse and Occultation 318

(六)历法Calendar 319

1.一般用语General Terms 319

(六)历法Calendar 319

2.年Year 319

(1)天干The Heavenly Stems 320

(2)地支The Earthly Branches 320

4.月Month 320

3.甲子周期(干支周期）Sexagenary Cycle 320

5.阳历月份The Months of the Solar Calendar 320

8.日Day 321

7.星期(周)Week 321

6.阴历月份The Months of the Lunar Calendar 321

10.时辰Hour 322

11.季Season 322

12.二十四节气24 Solar Terms 322

9.时Time 322

1.大气Atmosphere 324

二十三、气象学Meteorology 324

(一)大气和风Atmosphere and Wind 324

二十三、气象学Meteorology 324

(一)大气和风Atmosphere and Wind 324

2.风Wind 325

(二)云、雾、雨Cloud,Fog and Rain 326

1.云和雾Cloud and Fog 326

(二)云、雾、雨Cloud,Fog and Rain 326

2.雨Rain 327

1.雪Snow 328

(三)雪、冰雹、霜Sonw，Hail and Frost 328

(三)雪、冰雹、霜Snow, Hail and Frost 328

2.冰雹Hail 329

(四)雷、闪电、虹、晕等Thunder,Lightning,Rainbow. Halo,etc 329

1.雷Thunder 329

(四)雷、闪电、虹、晕等Thunder,Lightning,Rainbow,Halo,etc 329

3.霜Frost 329

(五)气象观测与天气预报Meteorological Observation and Weather Forecasting 330

1.气象观测 Meteorological Observation 330

(五)气象观测与天气预报Meteorological Observation and Weather Forecasting 330

2.闪电、虹、晕等Lightning,Rainbow ,Halo,etc 330

2.天气预报Weather Forecasting 331

(二)气候理论Theory of Climate 332

(一)气候类型Types of Climate 332

二十四、气候学Climatology 332

(一)气候类型Types of Climate 332

(二)气候理论Theory of Climate 332

(一)地球结构Structure of the Earth 335

二十五、地球学Geonomy 335

(一)地球结构Structure of the Earth 335

1.岩石学Petrology 336

(二)岩石Rock 336

2.岩石种类Kinds of Rock 337

(三)地质调查Geologic Survey 338

2.山系Mountain System 339

1.地表与大陆Earth s Surface and Continents 339

(四)地貌Land Form 339

3.高原、崖、沙漠等Plateau,Cliff,Desert ,etc. 340

4.平原、谷、盆地等Plain,Valley ,Basin,etc. 340

(五)江、河、湖、沼等Streams ,Lakes ,Swamps,etc, 341

1.江河Rivers 341

(五)江、河湖、沼等Streams ,Lakes ,Swamps, etc. 341

2.湖、沼、泉等Lakes ,Marshes,Springs,etc. 342

(六)冰川、植被与气候Glaciers,Vegetation and Climate 343

1.冰川Glaciers 343

2.植被Vegetation 343

(六)冰川、植被与气候Glaciers,Vegetation and Climate 343

3.气候Climate 345

(七)地图Map 346

2.地图编绘Map Compilation 346

1.地图种类Kinds of Map 346

(七)地图Map 346

二十六、地震学Seismology 348

(一)地震成因Generation of Earthquakes 348

十二六、地震学Seismology 348

(二)地震观察与预报Earthquake Observation and Prediction 349

(一)海洋与海洋水流Ocean and Ocean Currents 351

二十七、海洋学Oceanology 351

1.海洋Ocean 351

二十七、海洋学Oceanology 351

(一)海洋与海洋水流Ocean and Ocean Currents 351

(二)海底地形与海洋研究Submarine Topography and Oceanographic Research 352

1.海底地形Submarine Topography 352

(二)海底地形与海洋研究Submarine Topography and Oceanographic Research 352

2.海洋水流Ocean Currents 352

2.海洋研究Oceanographic Research 353

1.水文Hydrology 354

(一)水文与河流Hydrology and River 354

二十八、水文学Hydrology 354

(一)水文与河流Hydrology and River 354

二十八、水文学Hydrology 354

2.河流River 355

(二)水力学Hydraulics 357

(三)波浪、洋流、潮汐Wave,Ocean Current and Tide 358

1.波浪Wave 358

2.洋流Ocean Current 358

(三)波浪、洋流、潮汐Wave,Ocean Current and Tide 358

3.潮汐Tide 359

(四)地下水与水文测验Ground Water and Hydrometering 360

1.地下水Ground Water 360

2.水文测验Hydrometering 360

二十九、经济地理学Economic Geography 361

(一)基础理论Basic Theory 361

二十九、经济地理学Economic Geography 361

(一)基础理论Basic Theory 361

(二)工业地理与农业地理Industrial and Agricultural Geography 362

1.工业地理Industrial Geography 362

(二)工业地理与农业地理Industrial and Agricultural Geography 362

2.农业地理Agricultural Geography 363

(三)运输地理与人口地理Transport and Population Geography 364

1.运输地理Transport Geography 364

(三)运输地理与人口地理Transport and Population Geography 364

2.人口地理Population Geography 365

(四)城市地理与计量地理Urban and Quantitative Geography 366

1.城市地理Urban Geography 366

2.计量地理Quantitative Geography 367

(五)政治地理Political Geography 368

(一)测量学Surveying 369

三十、测绘学Geodesy and Cartography 369

(一)测量学Surveying 369

1.大地测量学Geodesy 369

2.摄影测量学Photogrammetry 370

3.普通测量学Elementary Surveying 370

4.工程测量学Engineering Surveying 371

5.海洋测绘Hydrographic Surveying and Charting 371

(二)地图制图学Cartography 372

(一)进化论与细胞学Theory of Evolution and Cytology 373

三十一、生物学Biology 373

(一)进化论与细胞学Theory of Evolution and Cytology 373

1.进化论Theory of Evolution 373

三十一、生物学Biology 373

2.细胞学Cytology 374

(二)遗传学与遗传工程Genetics and Genetic Engineering 376

1.遗传学Genetics 376

(二)遗传学与遗传工程 Genetics and Genetic Engineering 376

2.遗传工程 Genetic Engineering 378

1.细菌学Bacteriology 380

(三)微生物学Microbiology 380

2.微生物培养学Microbial Culture 381

(四)寄生虫学、组织学与胚胎学Parasitology, Histology and Embryology 383

(四)寄生虫学、组织学与胚胎学Parasitology,Histology and Embryology 383

1.寄生虫学Parasitology 383

2.组织学Histology 384

3.胚胎学Embryology 385

1.植物分类学Phytotaxonomy 386

(五)植物学Botany 386

3.植物解剖学Phytotomy 388

2.植物生理学Plant Physiology 388

(六)动物学Zoology 390

1.动物分类学Animal Taxonomy 390

(六)动物学Zoology 390

2.动物生理学Zoophysiology 391

(七)生物物理学与生物化学Biophysics and Biochemistry 392

1.生物物理学Biophysics 392

(七)生物物理学与生物化学Biophysics and Biochemistry 392

2.生物化学Biochemistry 393

1.生态学门类Branches of Ecology 397

(一)生态学门类与人类生态学Branches of Ecology and Human Ecology 397

2.人类生态学Human Ecology 397

(一)生态学门类与人类生态学Branches of Ecology and Human Ecology 397

三十二、生态学Ecology 397

(二)动物生态学与植物生态学Zooecology and Phytoecology 398

1.动物生态学Zooecology 398

(二)动物生态学与植物生态学Zooecology and Phytoecology 398

2.植物生态学Phytoecology 400

三十三、考古学Archaeology 402

(一)考古学用语与古动物Archaeological Terms and Ancient Animals 402

2.古动物Ancient Animals 402

1.一般用语General Terms 402

(一)考古学用语与古动物Archaeological Terms and Ancient Animals 402

三十三、考古学Archaeology 402

1.人类进化Evolution of Man 403

(二)人类进化与文化遗存Evolution of Man and Cultural Remains 403

2.文化遗存 Cultural Remains 404

(一)环境问题Environmental Problems 406

三十四、环境科学Environment Science 406

(一)环境问题Environmental Problems 406

1.城市环境问题Urban Environmental Problems 406

2.环境污染Environmental Pollution 407

(二)环境保护Environmental Protection 408

1.城市规划City Planning 408

2.废物处理和噪声控制Waste Disposal and Noise Control 409

三十五、计量学Metrology 410

1.计量Measurement 410

(一)计量和计量单位Measurement and Unit of Measurement 410

2.计量单位Unti of Measurement 410

三十五、计量学Metrology 410

(一)计量和计量单位Measurement and Unit of Measurement 410

2.计量仪器Measuring Instruments 411

1.计量结果Measurement Result 411

(二)计理结果和计量器具Measurement Result and Instrument 411

(二)计量结果和计量器具Measurement Result and Instrument 411

3.计量器具特性Characteristics of Measuring Instrument 412

(三)计量标准Measurement Standards 413

(一)计算机和计算机技术Computer and Computer Technology 414

三十六、计算机科学Computer Science 414

(一)计算机和计算机技术 Computer and Computer Technology 414

1.计算机Computer 414

2.计算机技术Computer Technology 415

(二)计算机内部器件与外部设备Computer Internal and External Devices 417

1.计算机内部器件Computer Internal Device 417

(二)计算机内部器件与外部设备Computer Internal and External Devices 417

2.计算机外部设备Computer External Device 418

(三)软件系统与软件术语Software System and Terms 419

1.软件系统Software System 419

2.软件术语Software Terms 422

( 四)计算机编程与网络Computer Programming and Networking 435

(四)计算要编程与网络Computer Programming and Networking 435

1.计算机编程Computer Programming 435

2.计算机语言Computer Language 463

3.计算机网络Computer Networking 469

三十七、新兴科学和新技术New and Developign Sciences and Technologies 489

(一)信息科学Information Science 489

1.数据库Database 489

三十七、新兴科学和新技术New and Developing Sciences and Technologies 489

(一)信息科学Information Science 489

2.文本处理Text Processing 491

3.计算机集成制造CIM(Computer-Integrated Manufacturing) 493

4.OSI结构OSI Structure 493

5.办公自动化Office Automation(OA) 494

6.汉语信息处理Chinese Language Information Processing 495

(1)汉字编码Chinese Character Coding 495

(2)汉语理解Chinese Understanding 497

(3)机器翻译Machine Translation 498

(二)人工智能和机器人学Artificial Intelligence and Robotics 500

1.人工智能Artificial Intelligence 500

2.机器人 Robot 503

3.机器人学Robotics 504

4.机械手Manipulator 508

(三)材料科学Material Science 508

1.材料技术Material Technology 508

(三)材料科学Material Science 508

(1) 工业材料类型 Types of Industrial Material 512

2.工业材料Industrial Materials 512

(2)陶瓷、玻璃等Ceramics,Glass, etc. 513

(3)石英、晶体等Quartz, Crystal,etc. 514

(4)半导体 Semiconductor 514

(5)树脂、胶黏剂等 Resin, Adhesive,etc. 514

(6)塑料、纤维等 Plastics,Fibre,etc 515

(7)合金等 Alloy, etc. 515

(四)能源科学Energy Science 516

(四)能源科学 Energy Science 516

1.能源 Energy Sources 516

2.新能源技术New Energy Source Technology 519

3.太阳能科学Solar Energy Science 522

(六)光学与光技术Optical and Optical Technology 524

(五)核科学Nuclear Science 527

1.核工程学Nuclear Engineering 527

(五)核科学Nuclear Science 527

2.热核工程学Thermonuclear Engineering 534

3.放射学 Radiology 536

4.核电站工程 Nuclear Power Station Enginnering 540

5.核试验工程Nuclear Test Engineering 541

1.光学技术Optical Technology 542

(六)光学与光技术Optical and Optical Technology 542

2.光电技术Photoelectric Technology 546

3.光纤技术Fibre-optic Technology 550

4.红外、紫外技术Infrared and Ultraviolet Technology 553

(七)激光Laser 556

1.激光技术Laser Technology 556

2.激光器Laser 564

(八)声技术与数字技术Acoustic and Digital Technology 568

1.声技术Acoustic Technology 568

(八)声技术与数字技术Acoustic and Digital Technology 568

2.数字技术 Digital Technology 573

(九)海洋工程学Oceanics 577

1.海洋工程Ocean Engineering 577

2.海洋技术 Oceanology 580

3.近海工程 Offshore Engineering 583

(十)现代生物医学技术Modern Biomedical Technology 585

1.生物技术 Biotechnology 585

(十)现代生物医学技术Modern Biomedical Technology 585

2.卫生及医学技术 Health and Medical Technology 587

3.基因工程 Gene Engineering 591

(十一)航天学与航天技术Spationautics and Space Technology 595

(十一)航天学与航天技术 Spationautics and Space Technology 595

1.空间技术 Space Technology 595

2.火箭技术 Rocket Technology 598

3.人造卫星技术Satellite Technology 601

4.宇宙飞船技术Spaceship Technology 603

5.航天飞机与太空航行技术Space Shuttle and Space Navigation Technology 605

(1)航天飞机 Space Shuttle 605

(2)太空航行技术 Space Navigation Technology 605

(十二)电子学与电子技术Electronics and Electronic Technology 607

1.电子技术 Electronic Technology 607

(十二)电子学与电子技术Electronics and Electronic Technology 607

2.电子设备 Electronic Equipment 614

3.无线电技术 Radio Technology 624

4.电视技术 Television Technology 632

(十三)自动化Automation 635

1.自动控制技术Automatic Control Technology 635

(十三)自动化Automation 635

2.遥控技术 Remote Control Technology 652

(十四)雷达 Radar 657

1.雷达技术 Radar Technology 657

(十四)雷达Radar 657

2.雷达 Radar 667

(十五)脉冲与射流技术Pulse and Jet Technology 669

1.脉冲技术Pulse Technology 669

(十五)脉冲与射流技术Pulse and Jet Technology 669

2.射流技术Jet Technology 673

1.微型化及显微技术Miniature and Microtechnique 675

(十六)微型化与微波技术Miniaturization and Microwave Technology 675

2.微波技术Microwave Technology 682

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