实用英语词汇学 第3版＝ENGLISH LEXICOLOGYPDF电子书下载

Chapter 1 Lexicology and basic concepts of words and vocabulary 1

1.1 The definition of English lexicology 1

1.1.1 The domains of English lexicology 1

1.1.2 Methods of the study of lexicology 2

1.2 The definition of word 3

1.3 The definition of vocabulary 3

1.4 Classification of words 3

1.4.1 Full word and form word 3

1.4.2 Popular word and learned word 4

1.4.3 Abstract word and concrete word 4

1.4.4 Transparent word and opaque word 4

1.4.5 Polysemic word and monosemic word 4

1.4.6 Native word and loan word 4

Exercises 4

Chapter 2 The development of the English vocabulary 6

2.1 The world languages 6

2.2 Language classifications 6

2.2.1 Morphological classification 7

2.2.2 Structural classification 7

2.3 Indo-European language family 8

2.4 The historical overview of English vocabulary 9

2.4.1 Old English(450-1150) 9

2.4.2 Middle English(1150-1500) 11

2.4.3 Modern English(1500-up to now) 12

2.5 Three main sources of new words of the present-day English vocabulary 13

2.5.1 The rapid development of modern science and technology 13

2.5.2 Social,economic,and political changes 13

2.5.3 The influence of other cultures and languages 14

2.6 Modes of the development of the English vocabulary 14

2.6.1 Creation 14

2.6.2 Semantic change 14

2.6.3 Borrowing 14

Exercises 15

Chapter 3 The structure of English words and word-formation in English 18

3.1 The structure of English words 18

3.1.1 The morphological structures of words 18

3.1.2 Types of morphemes 20

3.1.3 Root,stem and base 22

3.2 Word-formation in English 23

3.2.1 Affixation 23

3.2.2 Compounding 28

3.2.3 Conversion 29

3.2.4 Blending 32

3.2.5 Clipping 32

3.2.6 Acronymy 33

3.2.7 Back-formation 33

Exercises 34

Chapter 4 Word meaning 45

4.1 Meaning 45

4.1.1 Analytical and operational definitions of meaning 45

4.1.2 Meanings of meaning 46

4.1.3 Types of motivation 48

4.1.4 Types of meaning 51

4.2 Changes in word meaning 54

4.2.1 Can meaning change? 54

4.2.2 Types of changes 55

4.2.3 Causes of changes 58

Exercises 59

Chapter 5 Sense relations 63

5.1 Polysemy 63

5.1.1 Two approaches to polysemy 63

5.1.2 Two processes of development 65

5.2 Homonymy 67

5.2.1 Types of homonyms 67

5.2.2 Origins of homonyms 68

5.3 Synonymy 69

5.3.1 Sources of synonyms 70

5.3.2 Discrimination of synonyms 71

5.4 Antonymy 74

5.4.1 Types of antonyms 74

5.4.2 Characteristics of antonyms and the use of antonyms 75

5.5 Hyponymy 77

5.5.1 Superordinate and subordinate terms 77

5.5.2 Effect of them in use 77

Exercises 78

Chapter 6 Collocation 90

6.1 Paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations 90

6.2 Collocation 91

6.2.1 The definition of collocation in the 1950s 91

6.2.1 Neo-Firthians in the 1960s 92

6.2.3 The study of collocation in the 1970s 92

6.2.4 The rise of Corpus linguistics in the 1980s 93

6.3 Association and collocation 95

6.3.1 The"adjective+noun"association and collocation 96

6.3.2 The"verb+noun"association and collocation 97

6.4 Pseudo-synonyms and inappropriate collocation 99

Exercises 99

Chapter 7 Meaning and context 107

7.1 Types of context 107

7.1.1 Linguistic context 107

7.1.2 Extra-linguistic context 109

7.2 The role of context 109

7.2.1 Elimination of ambiguity 109

7.2.2 Clues for inferring word meaning in context 110

Exercises 112

Chapter 8 English dictionaries 128

8.1 The development of dictionaries 128

8.1.1 The origins of the English dictionary 128

8.1.2 The first English dictionary 128

8.1.3 Modern English dictionaries 129

8.2 Types of dictionaries 137

8.2.1 Linguistic and non-linguistic dictionaries 137

8.2.2 Monolingual and bilingual dictionaries 137

8.2.3 General-purpose dictionaries and specific-purpose dictionaries 137

8.3 Using a dictionary 139

8.3.1 The dictionary entry 139

8.3.2 Spelling 139

8.3.3 Pronunciation 140

8.3.4 Parts of speech and inflected forms of words 140

8.3.5 Labels 140

8.3.6 The Definition 141

8.3.7 Etymology 142

8.3.8 Synonyms 142

Exercises 143

Keys to Exercises 144

附录一 英语词汇学术语表 182

附录二 希腊拉丁词根和词缀 185

（一）希腊拉丁词根 185

（二）希腊拉丁词缀 207

References 220