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CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1

1.1 The Subject Matter of Dynamics of Flight 1

1.2 The Tools of Flight Dynamicists 5

1.3 Stability， Control， and Equilibrium 6

1.4 The Human Pilot 8

1.5 Handling Qualities Requirements 11

1.6 Axes and Notation 15

CHAPTER 2 Static Stability and Control—Part 1 18

2.1 General Remarks 18

2.2 Synthesis of Lift and Pitching Moment 23

2.3 Total Pitching Moment and Neutral Point 29

2.4 Longitudinal Control 33

2.5 The Control Hinge Moment 41

2.6 Influence of a Free Elevator on Lift and Moment 44

2.7 The Use of Tabs 47

2.8 Control Force to Trim 48

2.9 Control Force Gradient 51

2.10 Exercises 52

2.11 Additional Symbols Introduced in Chapter 2 57

CHAPTER 3 Static Stability and Control—Part 2 60

3.1 Maneuverability-Elevator Angle per g 60

3.2 Control Force per g 63

3.3 Influence of High-Lift Devices on Trim and Pitch Stiffness 64

3.4 Influence of the Propulsive System on Trim and Pitch Stiffness 66

3.5 Effect of Structural Flexibility 72

3.6 Ground Effect 74

3.7 CG Limits 74

3.8 Lateral Aerodynamics 76

3.9 Weathercock Stability （Yaw Stiffness） 77

3.10 Yaw Control 80

3.11 Roll Stiffness 81

3.12 The Derivative C 1β 83

3.13 Roll Control 86

3.14 Exercises 89

3.15 Additional Symbols Introduced in Chapter 3 91

CHAPTER 4 General Equations of Unsteady Motion 93

4.1 General Remarks 93

4.2 The Rigid-Body Equations 93

4.3 Evaluation of the Angular Momentum h 96

4.4 Orientation and Position of the Airplane 98

4.5 Euler’s Equations of Motion 100

4.6 Effect of Spinning Rotors on the Euler Equations 103

4.7 The Equations Collected 103

4.8 Discussion of the Equations 104

4.9 The Small-Disturbance Theory 107

4.10 The Nondimensional System 115

4.11 Dimensional Stability Derivatives 118

4.12 Elastic Degrees of Freedom 120

4.13 Exercises 126

4.14 Additional Symbols Introduced in Chapter 4 127

CHAPTER 5 The Stability Derivatives 129

5.1 General Remarks 129

5.2 The α Derivatives 129

5.3 The u Derivatives 131

5.4 The q Derivatives 135

5.5 The α Derivatives 141

5.6 The β Derivatives 148

5.7 The p Derivatives 149

5.8 The r Derivatives 153

5.9 Summary of the Formulas 154

5.10 Aeroelastic Derivatives 156

5.11 Exercises 159

5.12 Additional Symbols Introduced in Chapter 5 160

CHAPTER 6 Stability of Uncontrolled Motion 161

6.1 Form of Solution of Small-Disturbance Equations 161

6.2 Longitudinal Modes of a Jet Transport 165

6.3 Approximate Equations for the Longitudinal Modes 171

6.4 General Theory of Static Longitudinal Stability 175

6.5 Effect of Flight Condition on the Longitudinal Modes of a Subsonic Jet Transport 177

6.6 Longitudinal Characteristics of a STOL Airplane 184

6.7 Lateral Modes of a Jet Transport 187

6.8 Approximate Equations for the Lateral Modes 193

6.9 Effects of Wind 196

6.10 Exercises 201

6.11 Additional Symbols Introduced in Chapter 6 203

CHAPTER 7 Response to Actuation of the Controls—Open Loop 204

7.1 General Remarks 204

7.2 Response of Linear/Invariant Systems 207

7.3 Impulse Response 210

7.4 Step-Function Response 213

7.5 Frequency Response 214

7.6 Longitudinal Response 228

7.7 Responses to Elevator and Throttle 229

7.8 Lateral Steady States 237

7.9 Lateral Frequency Response 243

7.10 Approximate Lateral Transfer Functions 247

7.11 Transient Response to Aileron and Rudder 252

7.12 Inertial Coupling in Rapid Maneuvers 256

7.13 Exercises 256

7.14 Additional Symbols Introduced in Chapter 7 258

CHAPTER 8 Closed-Loop Control 259

8.1 General Remarks 259

8.2 Stability of Closed Loop Systems 264

8.3 Phugoid Suppression： Pitch Attitude Controller 266

8.4 Speed Controller 270

8.5 Altitude and Glide Path Control 275

8.6 Lateral Control 280

8.7 Yaw Damper 287

8.8 Roll Controller 290

8.9 Gust Alleviation 295

8.10 Exercises 300

8.11 Additional Symbols Introduced in Chapter 8 301

APPENDIX A Analytical Tools 303

A.1 Linear Algebra 303

A.2 The Laplace Transform 304

A.3 The Convolution Integral 309

A.4 Coordinate Transformations 310

A.5 Computation of Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors 315

A.6 Velocity and Acceleration in an Arbitrarily Moving Frame 316

APPENDIX B Data for Estimating Aerodynamic Derivatives 319

APPENDIX C Mean Aerodynamic Chord， Mean Aerodynamic Center， and Cmacw 357

APPENDIX D The Standard Atmosphere and Other Data 364

APPENDIX E Data For the Boeing 747-100 369

References 372

Index 377