语言学习和语言使用中的错误 错误分析探讨 英文版PDF电子书下载

1 Definition and Delimitation 1

Human error 1

Successive paradigms 2

Interlanguage and the veto on comparison 6

Preface by Halliday F 9

Learners and native speakers 9

王宗炎序 F 10

The heyday of Error Analysis 11

Preface by Chomsky F 13

Mounting criticism of Error Analysis 15

Data collection for Error Analysis 19

沈家煊序 F 20

导读 F 23

2 The Scope of Error Analysis 25

Good English for the English 26

Publisher s Acknowledgements F 37

Author s Preface F 38

Good English for the FL/SL learner 39

Abbreviations F 41

The native speaker and the power dimension 46

The Incompleteness hypothesis 53

Other reference points for Error Analysis 56

3 Defining Error 62

Ignorance 62

Measures of deviance 64

Other dimensions:errors and mistakes 76

Error！mistake and acquisition:learning-an equation? 85

Lapsology 86

4 The Description of Errors 90

Error detection 91

Locating errors 92

Describing errors 94

Error classification 97

Error taxonomies 102

Counting errors 114

Profiling and Error Analysis 117

Computerized corpora of errors 124

5 Levels of Error 129

Substance errors 130

Text errors 141

Lexical errors 142

Classifying lexical errors 144

Grammar errors 154

Discourse errors 161

6 Diagnosing Errors 173

Description and diagnosis 173

Ignorance and avoidance 175

Mother-tongue influence:iterlingual errors 179

Target language causes:intralingual errors 184

Communication strategy-based errors 187

Induced errors 189

Compound and ambiguous errors 200

Evaluation 204

7 Error Gravity and Error Evaluation 204

Criteria for error gravity(EG) 206

Viewpoint 226

8 Error Correction 235

What is correction? 235

Whether to correct:pros and cons 240

How to do error correction:some options and principles 248

Noticing error 256

Rules and the role of corrective explanation 263

9 A Case Study 267

Elicitation and registration 267

Error identification 268

Categorizing the errors 273

Status:error or mistake? 273

Diagnosis 275

References 278

Index 300

文库索引 305