经济学英语PDF电子书下载

目录 1

Chapter 1　Ten Principles of Economics 1

Principle 1　People face tradeoffs 3

Principle 2 The cost ofsomething is what you give to get it 6

Principle 3 Rational people think at the margin 7

Principle 4 People respond to incentives 9

Principle 5 Trade can make everyone better off 12

Principle 6 Markets are usually a good way to organize economic activity 13

Principle 7 Governments can sometimes improve market outcomes 15

Principle 8 A country's standard of living depends on its ability to produce goods and services 18

Principle 9 Prices rise when the government prints too much money 20

Principle 10 Society faces a short-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment22 Questions for review 23

Chapter 2 Interpendence and the Gains from Trade 24

A parable for the modern economy 25

The need and motivation for international trade 32

Absolute advantage and comparative advantage 35

Applications of comparative advantage 37

The legacy ofadam smith and david ricardo 39

Questions for review 41

Chapter 3 The Market Forces of Supply and Demand 42

The determinants of individual demand 44

The demand schedule and the demand curve 46

Market demand versus individual demand 48

Shifts in the demand curve 49

The determinants of individual supply 52

The supply schedule and the supply curve 53

Market supply versus individual supply 54

Shifts in the supply curve 56

Equilibrium 57

The determinants of the deadweight loss 1 58

Three steps to analyzing changes in equilibrium 60

Conclusion:How price allocate resources 63

Deadweight loss and tax revenue as taxes vary 1 63

Question for review 65

The elasticity of demand 66

Chapter 4 Elasticity and Its Application 66

The elasticity of supply 74

Applications of supply,demand,and elasticiy 77

Questions for review 84

Chapter 5 Supply,Demand,and Government Policies 85

Controls on prices 86

Taxes 97

Conclusion 106

Questions for review 106

Chapter 6 Production Costs 107

The production function 109

Variable costs versus fixed costs 110

Production decisions in the short run and long run 112

Diminishing returns in production 114

Maximizing profit and the production decision 116

Economies and diseconomies of scale 119

The experience curve 127

Optimal scale and X-inefficiency 129

Conclusion 131

Chapter 7 Consumers,Producers,and the Efficiency of Markets 133

Consumer surplus 134

Producer surplus 141

Market efficiency 145

Conclusion 149

Questions for review 151

Chapter 8 The Costs of Taxation 152

The deadweight loss of taxation 153

Questions for review 168

Conclusion 168

Chapter 9 Public Goods and Common Resources 169

The different kinds of goods 169

Public goods 171

Common Resources 179

Questions for review 185

Chapter 10 Measuring a Nation's Income 186

The economy's income and expenditure 187

The measurement ofgross domestic product 189

The components of GDP 193

Real versus nominal GDP 195

GDP and economic well-being 199

Conclusion 203

Questions for review 203

Chapter 11 Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply 205

Three key facts about economic fluctuations 206

Explaining short-run economic fluctuations 208

The aggregate-demand curve 211

The aggregate-supply curve 216

Two causes of recession 223

Conclusion:The orgins of aggregate demand and aggregate supply 230

Questions for review 231

The essence of fiscal policy 232

Chapter 12 Management ofthe Economy Ⅰ:Fiscal Policy 232

Problems with fine-tuning aggregate demand 234

Government borrowing 237

Conclusion 241

Chapter 13 Management of the Economy Ⅱ:Monetary Policy 243

The essence of monetary policy 243

Principles of monetarism 245

Measuring the money supply 248

The effects of monetary policy on business 255

Conclusion 257

主要参考文献 259