思想者指南系列丛书 如何提升学生的学习能力PDF电子书下载

Introduction 1

Recommended Design Features 2

Idea＃1:Design instruction so that students engage in routine practice in internalizing and applying the concepts they are learning(and in evaluating their understanding of each) 2

Idea＃2:Teach students how to assess their reading 4

Idea＃3:Teach students how to assess their writing 5

Idea＃4:Teach students how to assess their speaking 7

Idea＃5:Teach students how to assess their listening 9

Idea＃6:Design tests with the improvements of student thinking inmind 10

Idea＃7:Make the course"work-intensive"for the students,but not for you 12

Idea＃8:Use engaged lecture 13

Idea＃l9:Require an intellectual journal(when it is relevant to your class) 14

Orientation(first few days) 15

Idea＃10:Give students a thorough orientation to the course 15

Idea＃11:Develop a syllabus which highlights your expectations for the students 17

Idea＃12:Give students grade profiles 25

Idea＃13:Use a"student understandings"form 29

Idea＃14:Explain to the students,when orienting them to the class,what will happen on a typical class day(and why) 31

Idea＃15:Explain the key concepts of the course explicitly during the first couple of class meetings 32

Idea＃16:Discuss class time as a time in which the students will PRACTICE thinking(within the content)using the fundamental concepts and principles of the field 33

ldea＃17:Make the point that the content is a SYSTEM of interconnected ideas 34

Idea＃18:Think of yourself as a coach 35

Idea＃19:Discuss the textbook as the thinking of the author 37

Daily Emphasis 38

Idea＃20:Encourage students to think—quite explicitly—about theirt hinking 38

ldea＃21:Encourage students to think of content as a form of thinking 39

Idea＃22:Relate content whenever possible to issues,problems,and practical situations in the lives of the students 40

Idea＃23:Target common student disabilities using specific strategies that take them into account 41

Idea＃24:Use tactics that encourage active learning 43

Idea＃25:Routinely ask questions that probe student understanding of the content 44

Idea＃26:Model skilled thinking for your students 46

Idea＃27:Cultivate important intellectuaI traits in instruction 49

Idea＃28:Bring intellectual standards into daily use 50

Idea＃29:Have students role play ideas other than their own 51

Idea＃30:Systematically question students using a Socratic approach 53

Epilogue:Summarize the ideas above in brief to make the whole more intelligible 55