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Critical Thinking Competency Standards：Guide for Educators The Structure of This Guide 2

Understanding the Intimate Relationship Between Critical Thinking,Learning,and Education The Concept of Critical Thinking 4

The“What”and the“How”of Education 5

Critical Thinking Is the“How”for Obtaining Every Educational“What” 5

Critical Thinking and Learning 7

Critical Thinking and the Educated Person 8

Critical Thinking and Information Literacy 8

The Growing Importance of Critical Thinking 10

Critical and Creative Thinking 10

Critical Thinking and the Mastery of Content 11

Adapting the Standards for Particular Subjects 13

The Structure and Components of the Competencies 15

Relating the Competencies to Critical Thinking Concepts 15

Outlining the Components in Each Competency 16

A Master Rubric 18

The Critical Thinking Competencies 20

Standard One：Purposes,Goals,and Objectives 20

Standard Two：Questions,Problems,and Issues 21

Standard Three：Information,Data,Evidence,and Experience 22

Standard Four：Inferences and Interpretations 23

Standard Five：Assumptions＆Presuppositions 24

Standard Six：Concepts,Theories,Principles,Definitions,Laws,and Axioms 25

Standard Seven：Implications and Consequences 26

Standard Eight：Points of View and Frames of Reference 27

Standard Nine：Assessing Thinking 29

Standard Ten：Fairmindedness 31

Standard Eleven：Intellectual Humility 32

Standard Twelve：Intellectual Courage 33

Standard Thirteen：Intellectual Empathy 34

Standard Fourteen：Intellectual Integrity 35

Standard Fifteen：Intellectual Perseverance 36

Standard Sixteen：Confidencein Reason 37

Standard Seventeen：Intellectual Autonomy 38

Standard Eighteen：Insight into Egocentricity 40

Standard Nineteen：Insight into Sociocentricity 41

Standard Twenty：Skills in the Art of Studying and Learning 42

Standard Twenty-One：Skills in the Art of Asking Essential Questions 44

Standard Twenty-Two：Skills in the Art of Close Reading 45

Standard Twenty-Three：Skills in the Art of Substantive Writing 46

Standard Twenty-Four：Ethical Reasoning Abilities 48

Standard Twenty-Five：Skills in Detecting Media Bias and Propaganda in National and World News 52

Appendix 55

Critical Thinking Theory Underlying the Competencies 55

All Thinking Can be Analyzed by Identifying its Eight Elements 56

To Analyze Thinking We Must Learn to identify and Question Its Elemental Structures 57

All Thinking Must be Assessed for Quality Using Universal Intellectual Standards 58

The Ultimate Goal of Critical Thinking is to Foster the Development of Intellectual Traitsor Dispositions 59

Critical Thinkers Routinely Apply the Intellectual Standards to the Elements of Reasoning in Order to Develop Intellectual Traits 60

Egocentrism and Sociocentrism,Natural Predispositions of the Mind and Powerful Barriers to the Development of Thinking 61

Deepening Your Understanding of the Critical Thinking Competencies 63