INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING WITH C++PDF电子书下载

PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMMING 19

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers，Programs， and C++ 21

1.1 Introduction 22

1.2 What Is a Computer？ 22

1.3 Programs 25

1.4 Operating Systems 27

1.5 （Optional） Number Systems 28

1.6 History of C++ 31

1.7 A Simple C++ Program 32

1.8 C++ Program Development Cycle 33

1.9 Developing C++ Programs Using Visual C++ 35

1.10 Developing C++ Programs Using Dev-C++ 41

1.11 Developing C++ Programs from Command Line on Windows 46

1.12 Developing C++ Programs on UNIX 47

Chapter 2 Primitive Data Types and Operations 51

2.1 Introduction 52

2.2 Writing Simple Programs 52

2.3 Reading Input from the Keyboard 54

2.4 Omitting the std： Prefix 55

2.5 Identifiers 56

2.6 Variables 56

2.7 Assignment Statements and Assignment Expressions 57

2.8 Named Constants 59

2.9 Numeric Data Types and Operations 60

2.10 Numeric Type Conversions 66

2.11 Character Data Type and Operations 68

2.12 Case Studies 70

2.13 Programming Style and Documentation 75

2.14 Programming Errors 76

2.15 Debugging 77

Chapter 3 Selection Statements 85

3.1 Introduction 86

3.2 The bool Data Type 86

3.3 i f Statements 87

3.4 Example： Guessing Birth Dates 89

3.5 Logical Operators 91

3.6 if.else Statements 94

3.7 Nested i f Statements 95

3.8 Example： Computing Taxes 97

3.9 Example： A Math Learning Tool 100

3.10 swi tch Statements 101

3.11 Conditional Expressions 104

3.12 Formatting Output 104

3.13 Operator Precedence and Associativity 107

3.14 Enumerated Types 109

Chapter 4 Loops 119

4.1 Introduction 120

4.2 The while Loop 120

4.3 The do-while Loop 124

4.4 The for Loop 126

4.5 Which Loop to Use？ 129

4.6 Nested Loops 130

4.7 Case Studies 131

4.8 （Optional） Keywords break and continue 136

4.9 Example： Displaying Prime Numbers 138

4.10 （Optional） Simple File Input and Output 140

Chapter 5 Functions 153

5.1 Introduction 154

5.2 Creating a Function 154

5.3 Calling a Function 155

5.4 void Functions 157

5.5 Passing Parameters by Values 159

5.6 Passing Parameters by References 161

5.7 Overloading Functions 163

5.8 Function Prototypes 165

5.9 Default Arguments 167

5.10 Case Study： Computing Taxes with Functions 168

5.11 Reusing Functions by Different Programs 170

5.12 Case Study： Generating Random Characters 171

5.13 The Scope of Variables 173

5.14 The Math Functions 177

5.15 Function Abstraction and Stepwise Refinement 177

5.16 （Optional） Inline Functions 185

Chapter 6 Arrays 199

6.1 Introduction 200

6.2 Array Basics 200

6.3 Passing Arrays to Functions 207

6.4 Returning Arrays from Functions 210

6.5 Searching Arrays 212

6.6 Sorting Arrays 215

6.7 Two-Dimensional Arrays 218

6.8 （Optional） Multidimensional Arrays 225

Chapter 7 Pointers and C-Strings 237

7.1 Introduction 238

7.2 Pointer Basics 238

7.3 Passing Arguments by References with Pointers 241

7.4 Arrays and Pointers 242

7.5 Using const with Pointers 244

7.6 Returning Pointers from Functions 245

7.7 Dynamic Memory Allocation 247

7.8 Case Studies： Counting the Occurrences of Each Letter 249

7.9 Characters and Strings 252

7.10 Case Studies： Checking Palindromes 260

Chapter 8 Recursion 269

8.1 Introduction 270

8.2 Example： Factorials 270

8.3 Example： Fibonacci Numbers 272

8.4 Problem Solving Using Recursion 274

8.5 Recursive Helper Functions 276

8.6 Towers of Hanoi 279

8.7 Recursion versus Iteration 282

PART 2 OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING 289

Chapter 9 Objects and Classes 291

9.1 Introduction 292

9.2 Defining Classes for Objects 292

9.3 Constructors 294

9.4 Object Names 294

9.5 Separating Declaration from Implementation 298

9.6 Accessing Object Members via Pointers 300

9.7 Creating Dynamic Objects on Heap 301

9.8 The C++ string Class 301

9.9 Data Field Encapsulation 305

9.10 The Scope of Variables 308

9.11 The this Pointer 310

9.12 Passing Objects to Functions 311

9.13 Array of Objects 313

9.14 Class Abstraction and Encapsulation 315

9.15 Case Study： The Loan Class 315

9.16 Constructor Initializer Lists 319

Chapter 10 More on Objects and Classes 329

10.1 Introduction 330

10.2 Immutable Objects and Classes 330

10.3 Preventing Multiple Declarations 332

10.4 Instance and Static Members 334

10.5 Destructors 337

10.6 Copy Constructors 339

10.7 Customizing Copy Constructors 342

10.8 fri end Functions and fri end Classes 344

10.9 Object Composition 346

10.10 Case Study： The Course Class 347

10.11 Case Study： The StackOfIntegers Class 350

10.12 The C++ vector Class 353

Chapter 11 Inheritance and Polymorphism 361

11.1 Introduction 362

11.2 Base Classes and Derived Classes 362

11.3 Generic Programming 368

11.4 Constructors and Destructors 368

11.5 Redefining Functions 371

11.6 Polymorphism and Virtual Functions 372

11.7 The protected Keyword 375

11.8 Abstract Classes and Pure Virtual Functions 376

11.9 Dynamic Casting 380

Chapter 12 File Input and Output 391

12.1 Introduction 392

12.2 Text I/O 392

12.3 Formatting Output 396

12.4 Member Functions： getline， get， and put 397

12.5 f stream and File Open Modes 400

12.6 Testing Stream States 401

12.7 Binary I/O 403

12.8 Random Access File 410

12.9 Updating Files 413

Chapter 13 Operator Overloading 417

13.1 Introduction 418

13.2 The Rational Class 418

13.3 Operator Functions 423

13.4 Overloading the Shorthand Operators 425

13.5 Overloading the [] Operators 425

13.6 Overloading the Unary Operators 427

13.7 Overloading the ++ and —— Operators 427

13.8 Overloading the << and >> Operators 428

13.9 Object Conversion 430

13.10 The New Rational Class 431

13.11 Overloading the = Operators 438

Chapter 14 Exception Handling 443

14.1 Introduction 444

14.2 Exception-Handling Overview 444

14.3 Exception-Handling Advantages 446

14.4 Exception Classes 447

14.5 Custom Exception Classes 450

14.6 Multiple Catches 455

14.7 Exception Propagation 458

14.8 Rethrowing Exceptions 460

14.9 Exception Specification 461

14.10 When to Use Exceptions 462

PART 3 DATA STRUCTURES 467

Chapter 15 Templates 469

15.1 Introduction 470

15.2 Templates Basics 470

15.3 Example： A Generic Sort 472

15.4 Class Templates 474

15.5 Improving the Stack Class 480

Chapter 16 Linked Lists， Stacks， and Queues 487

16.1 Introduction 488

16.2 Nodes 488

16.3 The Li nkedLi st Class 489

16.4 Implementing Li nkedLi st 492

16.5 Variations of Linked Lists 502

16.6 Implementing Stack Using a Li nkedLi st 502

16.7 Queues 504

16.8 （Optional） Iterators 506

Chapter 17 Trees， Heaps， and Priority Queues 515

17.1 Introduction 516

17.2 Binary Trees 516

17.3 Heaps 524

17.4 Priority Queues 529

Chapter 18 Algorithm Efficiency and Sorting 535

18.1 Introduction 536

18.2 Estimating Algorithm Efficiency 536

18.3 Bubble Sort 541

18.4 Merge Sort 543

18.5 Quick Sort 547

18.6 Heap Sort 551

18.7 External Sort 552