SHIGLEY'S MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN EIGHTH EDITIONPDF电子书下载

Part 1 Basics 2

1 Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design 3

1-1 Design 4

1-2 Mechanical Engineering Design 5

1-3 Phases and Interactions of the Design Process 5

1-4 Design Tools and Resources 8

1-5 The Design Engineer’s Professional Responsibilities 10

1-6 Standards and Codes 12

1-7 Economics 12

1-8 Safety and Product Liability 15

1-9 Stress and Strength 15

1-10 Uncertainty 16

1-11 Design Factor and Factor of Safety 17

1-12 Reliability 18

1-13 Dimensions and Tolerances 19

1-14 Units 21

1-15 Calculations and Significant Figures 22

1-16 Power Transmission Case Study Specifications 23

Problems 24

2 Materials 27

2-1 Material Strength and Stiffness 28

2-2 The Statistical Significance of Material Properties 32

2-3 Strength and Cold Work 33

2-4 Hardness 36

2-5 Impact Properties 37

2-6 Temperature Effects 39

2-7 Numbering Systems 40

2-8 Sand Casting 41

2-9 Shell Molding 42

2-10 Investment Casting 42

2-11 Powder-Metallurgy Process 42

2-12 Hot-Working Processes 43

2-13 Cold-Working Processes 44

2-14 The Heat Treatment of Steel 44

2-15 Alloy Steels 47

2-16 Corrosion-Resistant Steels 48

2-17 Casting Materials 49

2-18 Nonferrous Metals 51

2-19 Plastics 54

2-20 Composite Materials 55

2-21 Materials Selection 56

Problems 63

3 Load and Stress Analysis 67

3-1 Equilibrium and Free-Body Diagrams 68

3-2 Shear Force and Bending Moments in Beams 71

3-3 Singularity Functions 73

3-4 Stress 75

3-5 Cartesian Stress Components 75

3-6 Mohr’s Circle for Plane Stress 76

3-7 General Three-Dimensional Stress 82

3-8 Elastic Strain 83

3-9 Uniformly Distributed Stresses 84

3-10 Normal Stresses for Beams in Bending 85

3-11 Shear Stresses for Beams in Bending 90

3-12 Torsion 95

3-13 Stress Concentration 105

3-14 Stresses in Pressurized Cylinders 107

3-15 Stresses in Rotating Rings 110

3-16 Press and Shrink Fits 110

3-17 Temperature Effects 111

3-18 Curved Beams in Bending 112

3-19 Contact Stresses 117

3-20 Summary 121

Problems 121

4 Deflection and Stiffness 141

4-1 Spring Rates 142

4-2 Tension，Compression，and Torsion 143

4-3 Deflection Due to Bending 144

4-4 Beam Deflection Methods 146

4-5 Beam Deflections by Superposition 147

4-6 Beam Deflections by Singularity Functions 150

4-7 Strain Energy 156

4-8 Castigliano’s Theorem 158

4-9 Deflection of Curved Members 163

4-10 Statically Indeterminate Problems 168

4-11 Compression Members——General 173

4-12 Long Columns with Central Loading 173

4-13 Intermediate-Length Columns with Central Loading 176

4-14 Columns with Eccentric Loading 176

4-15 Struts or Short Compression Members 180

4-16 Elastic Stability 182

4-17 Shock and Impact 183

4-18 Suddenly Applied Loading 184

Problems 186

Part 2 Failure Prevention 204

5 Failures Resulting from Static Loading 205

5-1 Static Strength 208

5-2 Stress Concentration 209

5-3 Failure Theories 211

5-4 Maximum-Shear-Stress Theory for Ductile Materials 211

5-5 Distortion-Energy Theory for Ductile Materials 213

5-6 Coulomb-Mohr Theory for Ductile Materials 219

5-7 Failure of Ductile Materials Summary 222

5-8 Maximum-Normal-Stress Theory for Brittle Materials 226

5-9 Modifications of the Mohr Theory for Brittle Materials 227

5-10 Failure of Brittle Materials Summary 229

5-11 Selection of Failure Criteria 230

5-12 Introduction to Fracture Mechanics 231

5-13 Stochastic Analysis 240

5-14 Important Design Equations 246

Problems 248

6 Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading 257

6-1 Introduction to Fatigue in Metals 258

6-2 Approach to Fatigue Failure in Analysis and Design 264

6-3 Fatigue-Life Methods 265

6-4 The Stress-Life Method 265

6-5 The Strain-Life Method 268

6-6 The Linear-Elastic Fracture Mechanics Method 270

6-7 The Endurance Limit 274

6-8 Fatigue Strength 275

6-9 Endurance Limit Modifying Factors 278

6-10 Stress Concentration and Notch Sensitivity 287

6-11 Characterizing Fluctuating Stresses 292

6-12 Fatigue Failure Criteria for Fluctuating Stress 295

6-13 Torsional Fatigue Strength under Fluctuating Stresses 309

6-14 Combinations of Loading Modes 309

6-15 Varying，Fluctuating Stresses； Cumulative Fatigue Damage 313

6-16 Surface Fatigue Strength 319

6-17 Stochastic Analysis 322

6-18 Roadmaps and Important Design Equations for the Stress-Life Method 336

Problems 340

Part 3 Design of Mechanical Elements 346

7 Shafts and Shaft Components 347

7-1 Introduction 348

7-2 Shaft Materials 348

7-3 Shaft layout 349

7-4 Shaft Design for Stress 354

7-5 Deflection Considerations 367

7-6 Critical Speeds for Shafts 371

7-7 Miscellaneous Shaft Components 376

7-8 Limits and Fits 383

Problems 388

8 Screws，Fasteners，and the Design of Nonpermanent Joints 395

8-1 Thread Standards and Definitions 396

8-2 The Mechanics of Power Screws 400

8-3 Threaded Fasteners 408

8-4 Joints——Fastener Stiffness 410

8-5 Joints——Member Stiffness 413

8-6 Bolt Strength 417

8-7 Tension Joints——The External Load 421

8-8 Relating Bolt Torque to Bolt Tension 422

8-9 Statically Loaded Tension Joint with Preload 425

8-10 Gasketed Joints 429

8-11 Fatigue Loading of Tension Joints 429

8-12 Bolted and Riveted Joints Loaded in Shear 435

Problems 443

9 Welding，Bonding，and the Design of Permanent Joints 457

9-1 Welding Symbols 458

9-2 Butt and Fillet Welds 460

9-3 Stresses in Welded Joints in Torsion 464

9-4 Stresses in Welded Joints in Bending 469

9-5 The Strength of Welded Joints 471

9-6 Static Loading 474

9-7 Fatigue Loading 478

9-8 Resistance Welding 480

9-9 Adhesive Bonding 480

Problems 489

10 Mechanical Springs 499

10-1 Stresses in Helical Springs 500

10-2 The Curvature Effect 501

10-3 Deflection of Helical Springs 502

10-4 Compression Springs 502

10-5 Stability 504

10-6 Spring Materials 505

10-7 Helical Compression Spring Design for Static Service 510

10-8 Critical Frequency of Helical Springs 516

10-9 Fatigue Loading of Helical Compression Springs 518

10-10 Helical Compression Spring Design for Fatigue Loading 521

10-11 Extension Springs 524

10-12 Helical Coil Torsion Springs 532

10-13 Belleville Springs 539

10-14 Miscellaneous Springs 540

10-15 Summary 542

Problems 542

11 Rolling-Contact Bearings 549

11-1 Bearing Types 550

11-2 Bearing Life 553

11-3 Bearing Load Life at Rated Reliability 554

11-4 Bearing Survival：Reliability versus Life 555

11-5 Relating Load，Life，and Reliability 557

11-6 Combined Radial and Thrust Loading 559

11-7 Variable Loading 564

11-8 Selection of Ball and Cylindrical Roller Bearings 568

11-9 Selection of Tapered Roller Bearings 571

11-10 Design Assessment for Selected Rolling-Contact Bearings 582

11-11 Lubrication 586

11-12 Mounting and Enclosure 587

Problems 591

12 Lubrication and Journal Bearings 597

12-1 Types of Lubrication 598

12-2 Viscosity 599

12-3 Petroff’s Equation 601

12-4 Stable Lubrication 603

12-5 Thick-Film Lubrication 604

12-6 Hydrodynamic Theory 605

12-7 Design Considerations 609

12-8 The Relations of the Variables 611

12-9 Steady-State Conditions in Self-Contained Bearings 625

12-10 Clearance 628

12-11 Pressure-Fed Bearings 630

12-12 Loads and Materials 636

12-13 Bearing Types 638

12-14 Thrust Bearings 639

12-15 Boundary-Lubricated Bearings 640

Problems 649

13 Gears—General 653

13-1 Types of Gear 654

13-2 Nomenclature 655

13-3 Conjugate Action 657

13-4 Involute Properties 658

13-5 Fundamentals 658

13-6 Contact Ratio 664

13-7 Interference 665

13-8 The Forming of Gear Teeth 667

13-9 Straight Bevel Gears 670

13-10 Parallel Helical Gears 671

13-11 Worm Gears 675

13-12 Tooth Systems 676

13-13 Gear Trains 678

13-14 Force Analysis——Spur Gearing 685

13-15 Force Analysis——Bevel Gearing 689

13-16 Force Analysis——Helical Gearing 692

13-17 Force Analysis——Worm Gearing 694

Problems 700

14 Spur and Helical Gears 713

14-1 The Lewis Bending Equation 714

14-2 Surface Durability 723

14-3 AGMA Stress Equations 725

14-4 AGMA Strength Equations 727

14-5 Geometry Factors I and J（Z，and YJ） 731

14-6 The Elastic Coefficient Cp （ZE） 736

14-7 Dynamic Factor Kv 736

14-8 Overload Factor Ko 738

14-9 Surface Condition Factor Cf （ZR） 738

14-10 Size Factor Ks 739

14-11 Load-Distribution Factor Km（KH） 739

14-12 Hardness-Ratio Factor CH 741

14-13 Stress Cycle Life Factors YN and ZN 742

14-14 Reliability Factor KR （Yz） 743

14-15 Temperature Factor KT （Yθ） 744

14-16 Rim-Thickness Factor KB 744

14-17 Safety Factors SF and SH 745

14-18 Analysis 745

14-19 Design of a Gear Mesh 755

Problems 760

15 Bevel and Worm Gears 765

15-1 Bevel Gearing——General 766

15-2 Bevel-Gear Stresses and Strengths 768

15-3 AGMA Equation Factors 771

15-4 Straight-Bevel Gear Analysis 783

15-5 Design of a Straight-Bevel Gear Mesh 786

15-6 Worm Gearing——AGMA Equation 789

15-7 Worm-Gear Analysis 793

15-8 Designing a Worm-Gear Mesh 797

15-9 Buckingham Wear Load 800

Problems 801

16 Clutches，Brakes，Couplings，and Flywheels 805

16-1 Static Analysis of Clutches and Brakes 807

16-2 Internal Expanding Rim Clutches and Brakes 812

16-3 External Contracting Rim Clutches and Brakes 820

16-4 Band-Type Clutches and Brakes 824

16-5 Frictional-Contact Axial Clutches 825

16-6 Disk Brakes 829

16-7 Cone Clutches and Brakes 833

16-8 Energy Considerations 836

16-9 Temperature Rise 837

16-10 Friction Materials 841

16-11 Miscellaneous Clutches and Couplings 844

16-12 Flywheels 846

Problems 851

17 Flexible Mechanical Elements 859

17-1 Belts 860

17-2 Flat- and Round-Belt Drives 863

17-3 V Belts 878

17-4 Timing Belts 886

17-5 Roller Chain 887

17-6 Wire Rope 896

17-7 Flexible Shafts 904

Problems 905

18 Power Transmission Case Study 913

18-1 Design Sequence for Power Transmission 915

18-2 Power and Torque Requirements 916

18-3 Gear Specification 916

18-4 Shaft Layout 923

18-5 Force Analysis 925

18-6 Shaft Material Selection 925

18-7 Shaft Design for Stress 926

18-8 Shaft Design for Deflection 926

18-9 Bearing Selection 927

18-11 Key and Retaining Ring Selection 928

18-12 Final Analysis 931

Problems 931

Part 4 Analysis Tools 932

19 Finite-Element Analysis 933

19-1 The Finite-Element Method 935

19-2 Element Geometries 937

19-3 The Finite-Element Solution Process 939

19-4 Mesh Generation 942

19-5 Load Application 944

19-6 Boundary Conditions 945

19-7 Modeling Techniques 946

19-8 Thermal Stresses 949

19-9 Critical Buckling Load 949

19-10 Vibration Analysis 951

19-11 Summary 952

Problems 954

20 Statistical Considerations 957

20-1 Random Variables 958

20-2 Arithmetic Mean，Variance，and Standard Deviation 960

20-3 Probability Distributions 965

20-4 Propagation of Error 972

20-5 Linear Regression 974

Problems 977

Appendices 983

A Useful Tables 983

B Answers to Selected Problems 1039

Index 1044