Economic Damages in Intellectual Property A Hands-on Guide to LitigationPDF电子书下载

PART ONE IP Law on Economic Damages 1

CHAPTER 1 U.S.Case Law and Economic Damages in Patent Litigation&Chase Perry, Daniel Slottje, and Elizabeth Whitaker 3

Introduction 3

Lost Profits 6

Tektronix, Inc.v.United States 6

Panduit Corp.v.Stahlin Brothers Fibre Works, Inc. 6

Hanson v.Alpine Valley Ski Area, Inc. 6

Paper Converting Machine Company v.Magna-Graphics Corporation 6

Kori Corp.V. Wilco Marsh Buggies ? Draglines, Inc. 7

State Industries, Inc.v.Mor-Flo Industries, Inc. 7

BIC Leisure Products, Inc.v.Windsurfing Int’l, Inc. 7

King Instruments Corp.v.Perego 7

Grain Processing Corp.v.Am.Maize-Products Co. 7

Crystal Semiconductor Corp.v.Tritec Microelectronics, Int’l, Inc. 8

Price Erosion 8

Yale Lock Manufacturing Co.v.Sargent 8

LAM Inc.v.Johns-Manville Corp. 8

Brooktree Corp.V. Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. 8

Crystal Semiconductor Corp.v.Tritec Microelectronics, Int’l, Inc. 9

Entire Market Value Rule 9

Paper Converting Machine Company v.Magna-Graphics Corporation 9

Rite-Hite Corp.v.Kelley Co., Inc. 9

Stryker Corp.v.Intermedics Orthopedics Inc. 9

Fonar Corp.V. General Electric Co. 9

Tec Air v.Denso Manufacturing Michigan Inc. 10

Micro Chemical, Inc.v.Lextron, Inc.and Turnkey Computer Systems, Inc. 10

Reasonable Royalty 10

Columbia Wire Co.v.Kokomo Steel ? Wire Co. 10

Aro Manufacturing Co.v.Convertible Top Replacement Co. 10

Georgia-Pacific Corp.v.U.S.Plywood Corp. 10

Tektronix, Inc.v.United States 11

Ellipse Corp.v.Ford Motor Co. 11

TWM Manufacturing Co., Inc.v.Dura Corp. 11

Fromson v.Western Litho Plate ? Supply Co. 11

Slimfold Mfg.Co., Inc.v.Kinkead Industries, Inc. 11

Mahurkar v.C.R.Bard, Inc. 11

Maxwell v.J.Baker, Inc. 12

Minco, Inc.v.Combustion Engineering Inc. 12

Grain Processing Corp.v.Am.Maize-Products Co. 12

Conclusion 12

CHAPTER 2 Trends in U.S.Patent Activity&Felix Chan and Michael McAleer 15

Introduction 15

Data 17

Trends in U.S.Patent Activity 18

Trends in Patent Shares 20

Trends in U.S.Patent Growth Rate 22

Conclusion 24

CHAPTER 3 Trademark Infringement and the Legal Bases for the Recovery of Economic Damages&Marc E.Ackerman and Daren M.Orzechowski 27

Introduction 27

Origins of Trademark Law 28

Development of Federal Trademark Law 30

Different Categories ofTrademarks 31

Law of Trademark Infringement 33

Strength of the Mark 35

Similarity between Defendant’s and Plaintiff’s Marks 35

Whether the Products Compete in the Marketplace 36

Likelihood That the Trademark Owner Will “Bridge the Gap” 36

Evidence ofActual Consumer Confusion 36

Defendant’s Intent in Selecting Its Trademark 36

Quality of the Defendant’s Goods or Services 37

Sophistication of the Consumers 37

Remedies and Economic Recovery for Trademark Infringement 37

Determining the Relevant Damages Period 38

Theories of Recovery under the Lanham Act 40

Statutory Damages in Counterfeiting Cases 47

Judicial Modification of Damages Award 47

Conclusion 49

CHAPTER 4 Explaining Venue Choice and Litigant Preferences: Solving the Delaware “Mystery”&Donald F.Parsons Jr., Jack B.Blumenfeld, Mary B.Graham, and Leslie A.Polizoti 67

Introduction 67

Delaware’s Historical Prominence in Patent Litigation 68

Unmatched Judicial Experience 69

Predictable Case Management 71

Rare Transfer 71

Early Scheduling Conference and Predictable Dates 72

Flexible Approaches 72

Frequent Patent Trials 74

High Number of Trials 74

Infrequent Summary Judgment 75

High Win Rates and High Damages 76

The Mediation Bonus 78

Conclusion 78

CHAPTER 5 Commonly Debated Issues in Performing Economic Damages Analyses in Intellectual Property Matters&Chase Perry, Clarke B.Nelson, and Elizabeth Whitaker 83

Introduction 83

Damages under U.S.Patent Law 84

Commonly Debated Issues in Intellectual Property Damage Calculations 84

Definition of the Relevant Market 84

Reliance on the “Book of Wisdom” 85

Where to Begin a Georgia-Pacific Analysis 86

Application of the “Entire Market Value” Rule 86

Interpretation and Application of the “25 Percent” Rule 87

Incremental versus Gross or Operating Profits to the Patent Holder 87

Calculating Marginal Costs 88

Exclusivity and Duration of the Hypothetical Licenses: Factors 3 and 7 under Georgia-Pacific 88

Acceptability of Noninfringing Substitutes 88

Analytical Approach to a Royalty 89

Conclusion 90

PART TwO Economics of Patent Damages 93

CHAPTER 6 Loss of Profits as a Measurement of Damages in Patent Infringement Matters 95

VincentA.Thomas, Christopher Gerardi, and Dawn Hall Introduction 95

Lost Sales of Patent Owner’s Patented Products 96

Methodology （Panduit Test） 96

Case Example 102

Lost Sales of “Nonpatented” Products That Compete with Infringing Products 107

Methodology 107

Case Example 107

Lost Sales of Convoyed （“Add-on”） Products 107

Methodology 107

Case Example 108

Price Erosion 108

Methodology 108

Case Example 109

Increased Costs/Accelerated Market Entry 109

Methodology 109

Case Example 110

Conclusion 110

CHAPTER 7 The Law of Demand and Lost Profits Analysis&Robert Basmann, Michael Buchanan, Esfandiar Maasoumi, and Daniel Slottje 113

Introduction 113

The Law of Demand and Its Evolution 115

Supply and Demand Models 115

Assumptions and Definitions 117

Demand 117

Supply 117

Simple Supply and Demand Curves 118

Change from the Equilibrium Point 119

Supply Curve Shifts 121

Elasticity 123

Vertical Supply Curve 124

Market Structure 125

Example: Supply and Demand in a Six-Person Economy 126

Case Studies 128

Conclusion 131

CHAPTER 8 A Holistic Approach to Patent Damages Analysis&Ryan Sullivan 133

Introduction 133

Ice Cream Industry 135

Market Overview 135

Data Description 136

Infringement Illustration 137

Market-Share Rule 139

Methodology 139

Application to Ice Cream Industry 140

Discussion 140

Price Erosion 142

Methodology 142

Application to Ice Cream Industry 143

Discussion 143

Market Simulation 145

Methodology 145

Application to Ice Cream Industry 148

Discussion 150

Conclusion 150

Appendixes 152

A.Epstein Method for Price Adjustment 152

B.Antitrust Logit Model （ALM） 152

CHAPTER 9 Commercial Success: Economic Principles Applied to Patent Litigation&Jesse David and Marion B.Stewart 159

Introduction 159

Summary of the Case Law 160

Economic Criteria 162

Two Case Studies 165

Conclusion 167

CHAPTER 10 Reasonable Royalty as a Measure of Damages in Patent Infringement Matters&Vincent A.Thomas, Christopher Gerardi, and Dawn Hall 171

Introduction 171

What Is a “Reasonable” Royalty? 172

License Agreement 172

Royalty 172

“Reasonable” Royalty 172

Methods for Determining a Reasonable Royalty Rate 173

Established Royalty 173

Hypothetical Negotiation （Georgia.Pacific Factors） 173

Analytical Approach 175

Cost Savings 175

Alternative Design /Noninfringing Alternatives 175

Case Example 176

Background Information 176

Barbara Witness Calculation 177

John Expert Calculation 178

Conclusion 178

CHAPTER 11 The “Analytical Approach” as a Technique to Determine a Reasonable Royalty&Lance E.Gunderson, Stephen E.Dell, and Scott W.Cragun 181

Introduction 181

Summary of the Case Law 182

Economic Considerations 184

Case Example 185

Background 185

Plaintiff’s Use of the Analytical Approach 185

Defendant’s Use of the Analytical Approach 187

Damages Summary 187

Conclusion 188

CHAPTER 12 A Quasi-Comparable Approach to Reasonable Royalty Determination&JeffreyA.Dubin 191

Introduction 191

Scope, Duration, and Noninfringing Substitutes 193

Variety of Computer Upgrade Technologies 193

Duration Limitations 195

Value of a Consumer Upgrade Option 196

Determining a Reasonable Royalty 197

Conclusion 198

CHAPTER 13 Using Statistics in Patent Cases: A Case Study&Esfandiar Maosoumi and Matthew G.Mercurio 201

Introduction 201

Dr.M’s Methodology 202

General Similarity among Mallets 205

Statistical Tests 206

Nonindependence of Mallet Characteristics 208

Presentation of Statistical Evidence 210

PART THREE Economics of Copyright, Trademark, and Trade Secret Damages 213

CHAPTER 14 Using Statistics in Copyright Cases&Daniel Millimet, Michael Nieswiadomy, and Daniel Slottje 215

Introduction 215

Economic Models 215

Deterministic versus Stochastic Models 216

Line of Best Fit: Regression Analysis 218

Fundamentals of Hypothesis Testing 219

Hypothesis Testing in a Regression Model 222

Hypothesis Testing in a Copyright Damages Case 224

Case Study: Peter Plaintiff v.the Yazoo Yeti 224

Conclusion 228

CHAPTER 15 Quantification of Damages in Trademark Cases&Blake Inglish 231

Introduction 231

General Trademark Information 231

General Definition 231

Inclusive Definitions 232

Distinctiveness 232

Registration 233

Trademark Infringement Litigation 234

Concepts Unique to Trademark Infringement 234

False Advertising 235

Nonmonetary Remedies 236

Calculating Trademark Damages 236

Types of Damages 236

Other Damages Issues 239

Case Study: Calculating Damages for Trademark Infringement 240

Summary of CaseAssumptions 241

Damages Calculation 241

Conclusion 245

CHAPTER 16 Economic Damage Quantification in Trademark Matters&Jeffrey A.Dubin 249

Introduction 249

Basis for the Demand Approach 251

Demand Analysis and Brand Profitability 252

Data Description 254

Nielsen Reports 254

SAMI Reports 255

Socioeconomic Data 255

Leading National Advertisers Data 255

CPI Data 255

Analysis 256

Estimated Trademark Fractions and Conclusions 259

CHAPTER 17 Evaluation of Damages Claims in a Trade Secrets Case&Robin C.Sickles and AshokAyyar 265

Introduction 265

Case Background: AAA Technologies v.BBB, Inc 266

Damages Calculations 267

Summary of Opinions 269

Reliance on Interview Questions 270

Spurious and Unreliable Interview Results 271

Flawed Survey Design 271

Flawed Survey Implementation 272

Flawed Interpretation and Use of Survey Results 273

Uncertainty in the Model 274

Royalty Rates 276

Conclusion 278

CHAPTER 18 A Primer on Trademarks and Trademark Valuation&Michealyn Corbett, Mohan Rao, and David Teece 281

What Is a Trademark? 281

What Constitutes an Acceptable Trademark? 282

Different Types of Trademarks 283

A Trademark Is Not the Same as a Trade Name or Brand 283

A Trademark Is Not the Same as Goodwill 284

Why Do We Care about Trademarks and Why Are They Needed? 285

How Does One Obtain a Trademark? 286

How Are Trademarks Protected and How Can They Be Damaged? 287

Trademarks and the Internet 288

How Are Trademarks Valued? 289

Principles of Licensing 289

Cost Approach 291

Market Approach 291

Income Approach 293

Conclusion 294

INDEX 297