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1 What is a Sentence? 1

2 Types of Sentence 3

3 Punctuating Sentences 6

4 Subjects and Verbs 9

5 Agreement 14

6 Direct and Indirect Objects 22

7 Transitive and Intransitive Verbs 26

8 Complements 29

9 Adverbials 35

10 Subject and Predicate 45

11 Words and Word-groups and their Functions 48

12 Sentence Structure 52

13 Phrases 57

14 Prepositional Phrases 63

15 Functions of Prepositional Phrases 66

16 Adjective Phrases 72

17 Noun Phrases 75

18 Extensions of the Noun Phrase 85

19 Functions of Noun Phrases 88

20 Adverb Phrases 90

21 Adverbial and Adjectival Phrases 93

22 Verb Phrases 96

23 Active and Passive Verbs 100

24 Positive and Negative Sentences 104

25 Interrogative Sentences 110

26 Question Tags 114

27 Co-ordination 118

28 Subject-Verb Agreement with Co-ordinate Subjects 122

29 Punctuation in Co-ordinate Phrases 125

30 Co-ordinate Clauses 128

31 Subordinate Clauses 132

32 Adverbial Clauses 137

33 Relative Clauses 148

34 Noun Clauses 156

35 Reduced Clauses 161

36 Functions of Reduced Clauses 165

37 Phrasal Verbs 167

38 Ellipsis 172

39 Ellipsis and Punctuation 175

40 Other Sentence Elements 178

41 Paragraphs 180

Answers 183