最简方案：句法理论与英语结构 英文版PDF电子书下载

1 Principles and parameters 1

1.1 Overview 1

1.2 Grammar 1

1.3 Criteria of adequacy 4

1.4 Language faculty 6

1.5 Creativity 9

1.6 Principles 12

1.7 Parameters 16

1.8 Parameter-setting 20

1.9 Evidence 22

1.10 Summary 24

Workbook section 25

2 Categories and features 37

2.1 Overview 37

2.2 Morphological evidence 37

2.3 Syntactic evidence 40

2.4 Functional categories:determiners and pronouns 45

2.5 Auxiliaries and infinitival to 49

2.6 Complementizers 54

2.7 Parsing 58

2.8 Subcategorial features 59

2.9 Cross-categorial features 63

2.10 Summary 68

Workbook section 70

3 Syntactic structure 86

3.1 Overview 86

3.2 Forming phrases 86

3.3 Specifiers 89

3.4 Forming sentences 94

3.5 Tree diagrams 97

3.6 Configurational relations 99

3.7 Testing structure 102

3.8 Additional tests 107

3.9 C-command 110

3.10 Summary 116

Workbook section 117

4 Empty categories 131

4.1 Overview 131

4.2 PRO subjects 131

4.3 Null auxiliaries 135

4.4 Unfilled INFL 137

4.5 Bare infinitives 144

4.6 Null complementizers 147

4.7 Null determiners 151

4.8 Pronouns 154

4.9 Attributive adjectives 157

4.10 Summary 159

Workbook section 159

5 Checking 170

5.1 Overview 170

5.2 Interpretable and uninterpretable features 170

5.3 Checking 174

5.4 Phrases 178

5.5 Percolation 184

5.6 Determiner phrases 187

5.7 PRO subjects 191

5.8 Objective subjects 193

5.9 Bare phrase structure 198

5.10 Summary 200

Workbook section 202

6 Head movement 216

6.1 Overview 216

6.2 Auxiliary inversion 216

6.3 Traces 219

6.4 Verb movement 222

6.5 Strong and weak features 226

6.6 Negation 231

6.7 The syntax of have 235

6.8 Tense affix 240

6.9 Question affix 245

6.10 Summary 250

Workbook section 252

7 Operator movement 267

7.1 Overview 267

7.2 Wh-operators 267

7.3 Enlightened self-interest and shortest movement 271

7.4 Pied-piping 276

7.5 Embedded questions in Belfast English 282

7.6 Embedded questions in Standard English 286

7.7 Subject questions 292

7.8 Yes-no questions 294

7.9 Nonoperator questions 298

7.10 Summary 299

Workbook section 301

8 A movement 315

8.1 Overview 315

8.2 VP-internal subject hypothesis 315

8.3 Evidence that subjects originate in spec-VP 318

8.4 Argument structure and theta-marking 324

8.5 Case-checking via head-adjunction and attraction 329

8.6 Raising predicates 334

8.7 Differences between raising and control predicates 337

8.8 Passivization 341

8.9 Explanation 345

8.10 Summary 349

Workbook section 351

9 VP shells 367

9.1 Overview 367

9.2 Ergative predicates 367

9.3 Adverbs and prepositional particles 370

9.4 Ditransitive and resultative predicates 377

9.5 Three-place predicates with clausal complements 379

9.6 Object-control predicates 382

9.7 Monotransitive predicates 388

9.8 Unergative predicates 390

9.9 Unaccusative predicates 392

9.10 Summary 401

Workbook section 403

10 Agreement projections 422

10.1 Overview 422

10.2 Subject agreement projections 422

10.3 Evidence from other varieties of English 427

10.4 Object agreement projections 431

10.5 Exceptional case-marking 439

10.6 Indirect object agreement projections 444

10.7 Genitive DPs 448

10.8 For-infinitives and prepositional objects 449

10.9 Passives and unaccusatives reconsidered 454

10.10 Summary 459

Workbook section 461

Glossary and list of abbreviations 490

References 536

Index 543