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FOREWORD 1

Chapter One　INTRODUCTION 1

Ⅰ．THE CHARACTER OF CONFUCIAN IDEAS 2

Ⅱ．A BRIEF ESTIMATE OF THE CHARACTER OF CONFUCIUS 17

Ⅲ．SOURCES AND PLAN OF THE PRESENT BOOK 26

Ⅳ．ON THE METHOD OF TRANSLATION 35

Chapter Two　THE LIFE OF CONFUCIUS（K'ungtse Shihchia—Shiki,Book XLVII） 41

Ⅰ．ANCESTRY,CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH(551 B.C.-523 B.C.) 43

Ⅱ．BETWEEN THIRTY AND FIFTY(522 B.C.-503 B.C.) 45

Ⅲ．THE PERIOD OF GREAT POWER(502 B.C.-496 B.C.) 48

Ⅳ．FIVE YEARS OF WANDERINGS(496 B.C.-492 B.C.) 52

Ⅴ．IN EXTREMITIES IN CH'EN AND TS'AI(491 B.C.-489 B.C.) 60

Ⅵ．FURTHER YEARS OF WANDERINGS(488 B.c.-484 B.C.) 64

Ⅶ．SCHOLARLY LABORS AND PERSONAL HABITS OF CONFUCIUS(484 B.C.-481 B.C.) 66

Ⅷ．HIS DEATH(479 B.C.)AND POSTERITY 72

Chapter Three CENTRAL HARMONY（Chungyung:originally Liki,Chapter ⅩⅩⅪ） 77

Ⅰ．THE CENTRAL HARMONY 79

Ⅱ．THE GOLDEN MEAN 80

Ⅲ．MORAL LAW EVERYWHERE 82

Ⅳ．THE HUMANISTIC STANDARD 83

Ⅴ．CERTAIN MODELS 86

Ⅵ．ETHICS AND POLITICS 89

Ⅶ．BEING ONE'S TRUE SELF 93

Ⅷ．THOSE WHO ARE ABSOLUTE TRUE SELVES 94

Ⅸ．EULOGY ON CONFUCIUS 97

Ⅹ．EPILOGUE 101

Chapter Four ETHICS AND POLITICS（Tahsueh,Liki,Chapter XLⅡ） 105

Ⅰ．GENERAL IDEA OF THIS ESSAY 108

Ⅱ．ON THE MEANING OF CERTAIN EXPRESSIONS USED IN THE ABOVE SECTION 109

Ⅲ．ON ACHIEVING TRUE KNOWLEDGE 111

Ⅳ．ON MAKING THE WILL SINCERE 111

Ⅴ．ON SETTING THE HEART RIGHT AND PERSONAL CULTIVATION 112

Ⅵ．ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONAL AND FAMILY LIFE 112

Ⅶ．ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAMILY AND NATIONAL LIFE 113

Ⅷ．ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NATIONAL LIFE AND WORLD PEACE 114

Chapter Five APHORISMS OF CONFUCIUS（The Analects） 119

Ⅰ．DESCRIPTION OF CONFUCIUS BY HIMSELF AND OTHERS 124

Ⅱ．THE EMOTIONAL AND ARTISTIC LIFE OF CONFUCIUS 130

Ⅲ．THE CONVERSATIONAL STYLE 132

Ⅳ．THE JOHNSONIAN TOUCH 135

Ⅴ．WIT AND WISDOM 138

Ⅵ．HUMANISM AND TRUE MANHOOD 142

Ⅶ．THE SUPERIOR MAN AND THE INFERIOR MAN 147

Ⅷ．THE MEAN AS THE IDEAL CHARACTER AND TYPES OF PERSONS THAT CONFUCIUS HATED 149

Ⅸ．GOVERNMENT 152

Ⅹ．ON EDUCATION,RITUAL AND POETRY 154

Chapter Six FIRST DISCOURSE:ON EDUCATION THROUGH THE SIX CLASSICS（Chingchieh,Liki,Chapter ⅩⅩⅥ） 159

Chapter Seven SECOND DISCOURSE:AN INTERVIEW WITH DUKE AI（Aikung Wen,Liki,Chapter ⅩⅩⅦ） 169

Chapter Eight THIRD DISCOURSE:THE VISION OF A SOCIAL ORDER（Liyun,Liki,Chapter Ⅸ） 177

Ⅰ．THE TWO ORDERS OF HUMAN SOCIETY 179

Ⅱ．THE EVOLUTION OF LI,OR SOCIAL ORDER 181

Ⅲ．LI BASED ON HUMAN NATURE 185

Ⅳ．LI BASED ON HEAVEN,OR NATURE 186

Ⅴ．THE METHOD OF CULTIVATING LI 187

Chapter Nine ON EDUCATION（Hsuehchi,Liki,Chapter ⅩⅧ) 191

Ⅰ．THE NEED FOR EDUCATION 192

Ⅱ．THE ANCIENT EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM 193

Ⅲ．EXTRA-CURRICULAR STUDIES 195

Ⅳ．THE IDEAL TEACHER 196

Ⅴ．THE PROCESS OF LEARNING 198

Chapter Ten ON MUSIC（Yochi,Liki,Chapter ⅩⅨ） 201

Ⅰ．THE ORIGIN AND FUNCTION OF MUSIC 202

Ⅱ．A COMPARISON OF RITUALS AND MUSIC,BOTH BASED ON HARMONY WITH THE COSMIC ORDER 206

Ⅲ．MUSIC REVEALS MAN'S CHARACTER 208

Ⅳ．ON CLASSICAL AND MODERN MUSIC 210

Ⅴ．CONFUCIUS ON THE DIFFERENT MOVEMENTS OF THE INTERPRETATIVE DANCE MUSIC OF EMPERORWU 213

Chapter Eleven MENCIUS（The Book of Mencius,Book Ⅵ，Part Ⅰ） 219

Ⅰ．THE GOODNESS OF HUMAN NATURE 222

Ⅱ．HOW OUR ORIGINAL NATURE IS DESTROYED 226

Ⅲ．THE HIGHER LIFE AND THE GREATER SELF 228

IMPORTANT CHARACTERS MENTIONED 233

THE PRONUNCIATION OF CHINESE NAMES 235

WADE-GILES TO PINYIN CONVERSION TABLE 237

ENGLISH WORKS BY LIN YUTANG 238