西方翻译理论：从希罗多德到尼采PDF电子书下载

Herodotus 1

The Twittering of Birds From Istoria,Book Two(mid-5th century B.C.E.) 2

The Origin of the Class of Egyptian Interpreters From Istoria,Book Two(mid-5th century B.C.E.) 3

Anonymous('Aristeas') 4

The Work of the Seventy-Two From Aristeas to Philocrates(around 130 B.C.E.) 4

Marcus Tullius Cicero 6

Translating Greek Orations into Latin From De oratore(55 B.C.E.) 7

The Best Kind of Orator(46 B.C.E.) 7

Translating Greek Philosophy into Latin From De finibus bonorum et malorum(45-44 B.C.E.) 10

Philo Judaeus 12

The Creation of the Septuagint From De vita Mosis(20 B.C.E.?) 13

Horace(Quintus Horatius Flaccus) 14

Imitating in Your Own Words From Ars Poetica (20 B.C.E.?) 15

Paul of Tarsus 15

Rather Five Words with the Mind Than Ten Thousand in a Tongue 1 Corinthians 14(55 C.E.?) 15

Lucius Annaeus Seneca 16

What Is From Epistulae morales ad Lucilium,letter 58(63-65 C.E.) 17

Pliny the Younger(Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus) Imitation of the Best Models 18

Letter to Fuscus Salinator(85 C.E.?) 18

Quintilian(Marcus Fabius Quintilianus) 19

On What We Should Employ Ourselves When We Write From Institutio oratoria(96 C.E.?) 19

Aulus Gellius 20

On the Importance of Avoiding Strict Literalness From Noctes Atticae(100 C.E.?) 20

Epiphanius of Constantia(Salamis) 22

Producing an Unadulterated Translation From De mensuris et ponderibus(392) 22

Jerome(Eusebius Hieronymus) 22

The Best Kind of Translator Letter to Pammachius(395) 23

Who Was The First Lying Author?From Praefatio in Pentateuchem(401) 30

Augustine(Aurelius Augustinus) 30

The Use of Translations From De doctrina Christiana (428) 31

C.Chirius Fortunatianus 34

Translation as'Exercitatio' 35

From the Artis rhetoricae scholicae(5th century) 35

Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius 35

Committing the Fault of the True Interpreter From In Isagoge Porphyrii Commenta(5 10?) 35

Gregory the Great 35

Giving the Sense From Letter to Aristobulus(590/9 1) 36

Mangling the Sense From Letter to Narses(597/98) 36

John Scotus Eriugena 36

Translator,Not Expositor From Prologue to Translation of De caelesti hierarchia by Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite(mid-9th century) 37

King Alfred 37

Translating Plainly and Clearly Preface to Translation of Boethius'Consolation of Philosophy(887?) 37

Translating Books Which Are Most Necessary For All Men to Know Letter to Bishop Waerferth(890/97) 37

Aelfric 38

Translating into Our Ordinary Speech From Preface to Book Ⅰ of Catholic Homilies(989) 39

Pure and Plain Words Preface to Book Ⅱ of Catholic Homilies(992) 39

Translating into Idiomatic English Preface to Genesis(997?) 39

Notker the German 40

Letter to Bishop Hugo yon Sitten(1015) 40

Burgundio of Pisa 40

The Risk of Altering So Great an Original 41

Preface to Latin Translation of St.John Chrysostom,Homilies on the Gospel of John(early 1170s) 41

Anonymous 43

The Three Kinds of Translating From Commemary on Boethius'De arithmetica(12th century) 43

Thomas Aquinas 43

Proem From Contra errores Graecorum(1263?) 44

Roger Bacon 44

On the Usefulness of Grammar From Opus Maius(1268?) 45

Jean de Meun 46

Translating for Lay People 47

From Prologue to Roman de la Rose(c.1280) 47

Plainly Rendering the Sense From Dedication to Translation of Boethius'Li Livres de Confort de Philosophie(between 1285 and 1305) 47

Dante Alighieri 47

Translation Destroys the Sweetness of the Original From Il convivio(1304-7) 48

Anonymous 48

Another Meaning From Ovide moralisé(early 14th century) 49

Richard Rolle 49

Following the Letter Prologue to English Translation of the Psalter(1330s) 49

John of Trevisa 50

Dialogue Between a Lord and a Clerk upon Translation(1387) 50

Coluccio Salutati 52

Letter to Antonio Loschi(1392) 52

Anonymous(John Purvey?) 53

On Translating the Bible(1395/97) 54

Leonardo Bruni 57

On the Correct Way to Translate(1424/26) 57

Duarte(Edward,King of Portugal) 60

The Art of Translating from Latin From O Leal Conselheiro(1430s) 60

William Caxton 60

Prologue to Aeneid(1490) 61

Desiderius Erasmus 62

Letter to Nicholas Ruistre(1503) 63

Letter to William Warham(1506) 64

Letter to William Warham(1507) 65

Letter to Maarten Lips(1518) 65

Thomas More 75

Whether the Clergy of This Realm Have Forbidden All the People to Have Any Scripture Translated into Our Tongue From A Dialogue Concerning Heresies and Matters of Religion(1529) 76

Martin Lumer 83

Circular Letter on Translation(1530) 84

William Tyndale 89

How Happeneth That Ye Defenders Translate Not One Yourselves?From An Answer to Sir Thomas More's Dialogue(1531) 90

Juan Luis Vives 91

Practice in Writing From De Tradendis Disciplinis (1531） 92

Translation and Interpretation From De ratione dicendi(1533) 92

Etienne Dolet 95

The Way to Translate Well from One Language into Another(1540) 95

Elizabeth Tudor 97

Letter to Catherine Parr Preface to Her Translation of Queen Marguerite of Navarre,'The Glasse of the Synnefull Soule'(1544) 97

The Study of a Woman From Preface to Her Translation of Queen Marguerite of Navarre,A godly Medytacyon of the christen Sowle(1548) 98

Mikael Agricola 98

Preface to the New Testament(1548) 99

Joachim du Bellay 101

The Defense and Illustration of the French Language(1549) 102

Anna Cooke 106

The Study of Italian Justified From Preface to Her Translation of Bernadine Ochine,Fouretene sermons(1550?) 106

Jacques Peletier du Mans 106

Of Translation From L'art poétique(1555) 106

Roger Ascham 107

The Ready Way to the Latin Tongue From The Schoolmaster(1570) 108

Etienne Pasquier 111

Letter to Jacques Cujas(1576) 111

Letter to Odet de Tournebus(1576) 113

Margaret Tyler 114

M.T.to the Reader Preface to Her Translation of Diego Ortunez de Calahorra,A Mirrour of Princely Deedes and Knighthood(1578) 115

Michel Eyquem de Montaigne 116

We Call Barbarous Anything That is Contrary to Our Own Habits From'Des cannibales'(1580) 116

Gregory Martin 118

Five Sundry Abuses or Corruptions of Holy Scripture From the Preface to A Discovery of the Manifold Corruptions of the Holy Scriptures...(1582) 119

The Holy Scriptures Ought Not be Read Indifferently of All From'The Preface to the Reader',The New Testament of Jesus Christ(1582) 121

William Fulke 122

That None of These Five Abuses are Committed by Us From the Preface to A Defence ofthe Sincere and True Translations of the Holy Scriptures into the English Tongue,Against the Cavils of Gregory Martin(1583) 123

The Holy Scriptures Should Always Be in Our Mother Tongue From'Confutation of the Rhemists'Preface',Confutation of the Rhemist Testament (1589) 128

John Florio 131

The Epistle Dedicatory Preface to Translation of Montaigne's Essays (1603) 131

To the Courteous Reader Preface to Translation of Montaigne's Essays(1603) 133

George Chapman 135

The Preface to the Reader From His Translation of the Iliad(1611) 135

Miles Smith 138

The Translators to the Reader Preface to the Authorized Version ofthe Bible(1611) 139

Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra 147

Viewing Flemish Tapestries from the Wrong Side From Don Quixote,Part Ⅱ(1615) 148

Jean Chapelain 149

To the Reader Preface to Le Gueux,ou la vie de Guzmán d'Alfarache(1619-20) 149

Joseph Webbe 152

Perceiving the Custom of the Ancients From An Appeal to Truth,Concerning Art and Use(1622) 152

Suzanne du Vegerre 153

The Author's Epistle to the READER Preface to Her Translation of John Peter Camus,Admirable Events(1639) 153

John Denham 155

"To Sir Richard Fanshaw upon His Translation of Pastor Fido"(1648) 155

Preface to The Destruction of Troy(1656) 156

Nicolas Perrot d'Ablancourt 156

To Monsieur Conrart Dedication of French Translation of Lucian(1654) 157

Adjusting Things to Accommodate the Subject From Preface to French Translation of Thucydides(1662) 159

Abraham Cowley 161

Preface to Pindarique Odes(1656) 161

Pierre Daniel Huet 162

Concerning the Best Kind of Translation From De optimo genere interpretandi(1661) 163

Katherine Philips 169

Translating Pompey From Letters from Orinda to Poliarchus(1705) 170

John Dryden 171

The Three Types of Translation From'Preface'to Ovid's Epistles(1680) 172

Steering Betwixt Two Extremes From'Dedication of the Aeneis'(1697) 174

Wentworth Dillon,Earl of Roscommon 175

An Essay on Translated Verse(1684) 176

Aphra Behn 180

Translating French into English From'An Essay on Translated Prose'(1688) 181

Recasting,Not Translating From Fontenelle's'Preface to the History of Oracles'(1688) 183

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz 183

Enriching the German Language From Unvorgreifliche Gedanken,betreffend die Ausübung und Verbesserung der deutschen Sprache(1697) 184

Anne Dacier 186

My Condemnation From Preface to Translation of L'Iliade d'Homère(1699) 187

Joseph Addison 190

National Accents Spectator no.29(1711) 190

Alexander Pope 192

The Chief Characteristic of Translation From Preface to the Iliad(1715) 193

Charles Batteux 195

Principles of Translation From Principes de littérature(1747-48) 195

Elizabeth Carter 199

Translating Epictetus From Her Correspondence with Catherine Talbot and Thomas Secker(1749-57) 200

Samuel Johnson 203

The Art of Translation The Idler 68/69 (1759） 204

Translating Homer From'Life of Pope'(1779-81) 205

Johann Gottfried Herder 207

The Ideal Translator as Morning Star From Uber die neuere Deutschen Litteratur:Fragmente,(1766-67) 207

Language as Maiden From Uber die neuere Deutschen Litteratur:Fragmente,rev.ed.(1768) 208

Alexander Frazer Tytler 208

The Proper Task of a Translator From Essay on the Principles of Translation(1791) 209

Novalis(Friedrich Leopold,Baron von Hardenberg) 212

Translating Out of Poetic Morality From a Letter to A.W.Schlegel(1797) 212

Grammatical,Transformative,and Mythic Translations From Blütenstaub (1798) 213

August Wilhelm yon Schlegel 213

Noble RustFrom Dante-？ber die G？ttliche Kom？die(1791) 214

At Once Faithful and Poetic From'Etwas über Wilhelm Shakespeare bei Gelegenheit Wilhelm Meisters'(1796) 214

Poetic Translation an Imperfect Approximation From'Homers Werke von Johann Heinrich Voss'(1796) 216

Projecting Oneself into Foreign Mentalities From Geschichte der klassischen Literatur(1802) 219

The Speaking Voice of the Civilized World From Geschichte der romantischen Literatur(1803) 220

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 221

Prose Translations From Dichtung und Wahrheit(1811-14) 222

The Two Maxims From Rede zum Andenken des edlen Dichters,Bruders und　Freundes Wieland(1813) 222

Translations From West-？stlicher Divan(1819) 222

The Translator as Matchmaker From Maximen und Reflexionen(1826) 224

On Carlyle's German Romance(1828) 224

Friedrich Schleiermacher 225

On the Different Methods of Translating(1813) 225

Wilhelm von Humboldt 238

The More Faithful,The More Divergent From the Introduction to His Translation of Aeschylus'Agamemnon(1816) 239

Anne-Louise-Germaine Necker,baronne de Staёl-Holstein 241

On the Spirit of Translations(1816) 241

Percy Bysshe Shelley 244

The Violet and the Crucible From A Defence of Poetry(1821) 244

Arthur Schopenhauer 245

On Language and Words From Parerga und Paralipomena(1851) 246

Edward Fitz Gerald 249

Letter to E.B.Cowell(1859) 249

Letter to J.R.Lowell(1878) 250

Matthew Arnold 250

The Translator's Tribunal From On Translating Homer(1861) 250

Francis W.Newman 255

The Unlearned Public is the Rightful Judge of Taste From Homeric Translation in Theory and Practice(1861) 256

Richard F.Burton 258

Clothing the Skeleton From Preface to Translation of Vikram and the Vampire(1870) 259

A Plain and Literal Translation From Introduction to The Book of The Thousand Nights and a Night(1885) 259

Robert Browning 260

Literal at Every Cost From Preface to Translation of Aeschylus'Agamemnon(1877) 260

Friedrich Nietzsche 261

Translation as Conquest From Diefr？hliche Wissenschaft(1882) 262

Translating the Tempo of the Original From Jenseits Gutes und B？ses(1886) 262

Biographies 265

Further Reading 293

References 299

Name Index 321

Subject Index 330

Title Index 331