中国大地构造 数据、地图与演化 英文版PDF电子书下载

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Tectonic Events 3

1.2 Universal Tectonic Events? 4

1.3 Determination of Tectonic Events in the Chinese Continent 7

1.4 Research Principles and Methods for Interpreting Tectonic Events 9

1.4.1 The Rock Record 9

1.4.2 The Geometry of Rock Deformation 10

1.4.3 The Kinematics of Blocks 12

1.4.4 The Dynamics of Block Deformation 18

1.4.5 The Chronology of Deformation 21

References 21

2 Tectonics of Archean and Paleoproterozoic(Before 1.8Ga) 27

2.1 The Eoarchean(EA,4.6-3.6Ga) 27

2.2 Tectonics from Paleoarchean to Neoarchean(PA-NA,3.6-2.5Ga) 30

2.3 Tectonics of the Paleoproterozoic(PP,2.5-1.8Ga,Lüliang Period) 38

2.4 Discussion of the Thickness of Continental Crust in the Archean and Paleoproterozoic 44

References 45

3 Tectonics of the Mesoproterozoic,Neoproterozoic and Early Cambrian （1.8Ga-513Ma) 51

3.1 Tectonics of the Mesoproterozoic(1,800-1,000 Ma,Changcheng Period-Jixianian Period) 52

3.2 Tectonics of the Qingbaikou Period(1,000-800Ma) 61

3.3 Tectonics of the Nanhua Period(800-680Ma) 67

3.4 Tectonics of the Sinian Period-Early Cambrian Epoch(680-513Ma) 70

3.5 Chinese Continental Blocks in Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic Global Evolution 75

References 82

4 Tectonics of Middle Cambrian-Early Devonian(The Qilian Tectonic Period,513-397Ma) 87

4.1 Sedimentation,Paleogeography and Paleontology 88

4.2 Palaeomagnetism and Palaeotectonic Reconstruction 95

4.3 Rock Deformation,Metamorphism and Stress Field 100

4.4 Magmatism and Rates of Plate Movement 108

4.5 Division of Tectonic Units in Early Paleozoic 112

References 115

5 Tectonics of Middle Devonian-Middle Permian(The Tianshan Tectonic Period,397-260Ma) 121

5.1 Sedimentation,Paleogeography and Paleontology 121

5.2 Paleomagnetism and Paleotectonic Reconstruction 127

5.3 Rock Deformation,Metamorphism and Stress Field 132

5.4 Magmatism and Rates of Plate Movement 136

5.5 Tectonics and Plate Movement from the Mesoproterozoic to the Paleozoic 140

References 143

6 Tectonics of Late Permian-Triassic(The Indosinian Tectonic Period,260-200Ma) 149

6.1 Sedimentary Paleogeography 150

6.2 Collision Tectonics 152

6.3 Intraplate Deformation 158

References 167

7 Tectonics of Jurassic-Early Epoch of Early Cretaceous(The Yanshanian Tectonic Period,200-135Ma) 173

7.1 Movement and Rotation of Chinese Continent 175

7.2 Intraplate Deformation and the Stress Field 177

7.3 Tectono-magmatism in Crust 185

References 194

8 Tectonics of Middle Epoch of Early Cretaceous-Paleocene(The Sichuanian Tectonic Period,135-56Ma) 197

8.1 Intraplate Deformation and the Stress Field 198

8.2 Tectono-magmatism 205

8.3 Formation of the Bangongco-Nujiang Collision Zone and Northward Movement of the Plates 210

References 214

9 Tectonics of Eocene-Oligocene(The North Sinian Tectonic Period,56-23Ma) 217

9.1 Intraplate Deformation,Stress Field and Magmatism 218

9.2 Development of the Eastern Basins and Accumulations of Oil and Gas 227

9.3 Formation of the Western Pacific Subduction Zone and Yarlung Zangbo Collision Zone 230

References 234

10 Tectonics of Miocene-Early Pleistocene(The Himalayan Tectonic Period,23-0.78Ma) 239

10.1 Thin-skinned Tectonics,the Formation of the Himalayan Thrust Zone and the Uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau 239

10.2 Intraplate Deformation,Extension and Dispersion in Eastern China 247

10.3 Formation of Giant Step in Landscape and Extension Basins in Continental Margin 254

References 260

11 Tectonics of Middle Pleistocene-Holocene(The Neotectonic Period,since 0.78Ma) 265

11.1 Intraplate Deformation and Recent Tectonic Stress Field 265

11.2 The Influence of Recent Tectonic Stress Field on the Earthquakes,Resources and Environment 273

11.3 Dynamic Mechanism of the Recent Tectonic Stress Field 283

References 284

12 Characteristics and Mechanisms of Chinese Continental Tectonics 291

12.1 Characteristics,Influence Factor and Mechanism of Intraplate Deformation 291

12.2 Extension Tectonics and Mechanism of Basin Forming 297

12.3 Characteristics of Collision Tectonics 300

12.4 Characteristics and Problems of Strike-slip Tectonics 304

12.5 On the Types of Continental Crust 307

References 308

13 Tectonics and the Thermal Regime in the Chinese Continental Lithosphere 315

13.1 Characteristics of the Crust of the Chinese Continent and Its Adjacent Area 315

13.2 Lithosphere Characteristics of the Chinese Continent and Its Adjacent Area 318

13.3 Lithosphere Transformation(Thickness Thinning)of East China—Hypothesis of Rotation and Detachment of the Upper Crust 324

13.4 The Thermal Regime in the Crust and Discussion on the Mantle Plumes 328

References 334

14 Mineralization and Tectonics in China 339

14.1 Main Epochs and Belts of Mineralization 340

14.2 Rock Deformation Influencing Mineralization 348

14.3 Intraplate Extension Mineralization 352

14.4 On the Tectonics and Prospect of Mineral Resources 354

References 361

15 Discussion on the Dynamic Mechanism of Global Tectonics 363

15.1 Review of Hypotheses about Global Tectonic Dynamics 363

15.2 Progress of Plate Tectonics 366

15.3 On the Hypothesis of Mantle Plume 371

15.4 On the Hypothesis of Meteorite Impact 375

References 380

Appendices 385

Appendix 1 Tectonic Data about Archean and Paleoproterozoic 385

Appendix 1.1 Rock formation time,temperature,pressure,depth and geothermal gradient in Archean 385

Appendix 1.2 Block motion velocity in the Chinese continent of Archean(32-25Ga) 388

Appendix 1.3 Rock formation age,temperature,pressure,depth and geothermal gradient in Paleoproterozoic 388

Appendix 1.4 Deformation velocity in continental plate During Lüliang period(2.5-1.8Ga),Paleoproterozoic 390

Appendix 1.5 Estimated thickness for Archean-Paleoproterozoic continental crust in Chinese plate 391

References for Appendix 1 392

Appendix 2 Thickness and Forming Velocity of Sedimentary Strata of Chinese Continent 394

References for Appendix 2 395

Appendix 3 Data of Folding and Principal Stress Axes of Chinese Continental Tectonic Events 396

Appendix 3.1 Data of folding and principal stress axes of Qingbaikou Period(1,000-800Ma) 396

Appendix 3.2 Data of folding and principal stress axis of Qilianian Period(513-397Ma) 397

Appendix 3.3 Data of folding and principal stress axis of Tianshanian Period(397-260Ma) 399

Appendix 3.4 Data of folding and principal stress axis of Indosinian Period(260-200Ma) 399

Appendix 3.5 Data of folding and principal stress axis of Yanshanian Period(200-135Ma) 401

Appendix 3.6 Data of folding and principal stress axis of Sichuanian Period(135-56Ma) 402

Appendix 3.7 Data of folding and principal stress axis of North Sinian Period(56-23Ma) 403

Appendix 3.8 Data of folding and principal stress axis of Himalayan Period(23-0.78Ma) 403

References for Appendix 3 404

Appendix 4 Differential Stress Magnitude of Chinese Continent in Mesozoic-Cenozoic 405

Appendix 4.1 Indosinian Tectonic Period 405

Appendix 4.2 Yanshanian Tectonic Period 405

Appendix 4.3 Sichuanian Tectonic Period 405

Appendix 4.4 North Sinian Tectonic Period 406

Appendix 4.5 Himalayan Tectonic Period 406

Appendix 4.6 Following data are the differential stresses determined from the inclusion of mantle in Himalayan Period 407

Appendix 4.7 Following data are the recent differential stresses determined by hydrofracturing test 407

References for Appendix 4 407

Appendix 5 Intraplate Deformation Velocity of Tectonic Periods in Chinese Continent Since Mesoproterozoic 409

Appendix 5.1 Intraplate deformation velocity of Mesoproterozoic(1.8-1.0Ga) 409

Appendix 5.2 Intraplate deformation velocity of Neoproterozoic-Early Cambrian(1.0Ga-513Ma) 410

Appendix 5.3 Intraplate deformation velocity of Qilianian Period(513-397Ma) 411

Appendix 5.4 Intraplate deformation velocity of Tianshanian Period(397-260Ma) 413

Appendix 5.5 Intraplate deformation velocity of Indosinian Period(260-200Ma) 416

Appendix 5.6 Intraplate deformation velocity of Yanshanian Period(200-135Ma) 417

Appendix 5.7 Intraplate deformation velocity of Sichuanian Period(135-56Ma) 419

Appendix 5.8 Intraplate deformation velocity of North Sinian Period(56-23Ma) 420

Appendix 5.9 Intraplate deformation velocity of Himalayan Period(23-0.78Ma) 421

Appendix 5.10 Intraplate deformation velocity of Neotectonic Period(since 0.78Ma) 422

Appendix 5.11 Plate deformation velocity(crn/yr)in recent,according to the data of GPS(362 stations) and earthquake moment(after Zhang PZ et al.,2002) 423

References for Appendix 5 423

Appendix 6 Paleomagnetic Data of Chinese Continent and Its Adjacent Area 424

References for Appendix 6 430

Appendix 7 Temperature,Pressure,Depth and Thermal Gradient in Rock Forming Stages of China Continent 434

References for Appendix 7 474

Index 493