环境技术基础 供水、废物管理与污染控制PDF电子书下载

1 Basic Concepts 1

1.1 Overview of Environmental Technology 2

1.2 Public Health 6

1.3 Ecology 9

1.4 Geology and Soils 16

1.5 Historical Perspective 21

1.6 Chapter Synopsis 23

1.7 Relevant Web Sites 24

Review Questions 25

2 Hydraulics 27

2.1 Pressure 28

2.2 Flow 33

2.3 Flow in Pipes Under Pressure 37

2.4 Gravity Flow in Pipes 40

2.5 Nonuniform Open Channel Flow 47

2.6 Computer Applications in Hydraulics 51

2.7 Chapter Synopsis 52

2.8 Relevant Web Sites 53

Review Questions 53

Practice Problems 54

3 Hydrology 57

3.1 Water Use and Availability 57

3.2 The Hydrologic Cycle 58

3.3 Rainfall 60

3.4 Surface Water 67

3.5 Droughts 72

3.6 Reservoirs 74

3.7 Groundwater 78

3.8 Chapter Synopsis 82

3.9 Relevant Web Sites 83

Review Questions 84

Practice Problems 85

4 Water Quality 89

4.1 Fundamental Concepts in Chemistry 90

4.2 Physical Parameters of Water Quality 101

4.3 Chemical Parameters of Water Quality 102

4.4 Biological Parameters of Water Quality 109

4.5 Water Sampling 115

4.6 Chapter Synopsis 118

4.7 Relevant Web Sites 119

Review Questions 120

Practice Problems 121

5 Water Pollution 123

5.1 Classification of Water Pollutants 124

5.2 Thermal Pollution 125

5.3 Soil Erosion and Sediment Control 126

5.4 Stream Pollution 128

5.5 Lake Pollution 132

5.6 Groundwater Pollution 135

5.7 Ocean Pollution 138

5.8 Water Quality Standards 141

5.9 Clean Water Action Plan 142

5.10 Chapter Synopsis 144

5.11 Relevant Web Sites 145

Review Questions 146

Practice Problems 147

6 Drinking Water Purification 149

6.1 Safe Drinking Water Act 151

6.2 Sedimentation 156

6.3 Coagulation and Flocculation 160

6.4 Filtration 163

6.5 Disinfection 167

6.6 Other Treatment Processes 173

6.7 Chapter Synopsis 178

6.8 Relevant Web Sites 179

Review Questions 180

Practice Problems 181

7 Water Distribution Systems 183

7.1 Design Factors 184

7.2 Water Mains 186

7.3 Centrifugal Pumps 193

7.4 Distribution Storage 202

7.5 Flow in Pipe Networks 206

7.6 Computer Applications 212

7.7 Chapter Synopsis 215

7.8 Relevant Web Sites 216

Review Questions 217

Practice Problems 218

8 Sanitary Sewer Systems 221

8.1 Sanitary Sewer Design 222

8.2 Sewage Lift Stations 233

8.3 Sewer Construction 236

8.4 Infiltration and Inflow 241

8.5 Sewer Rehabilitation 243

8.6 Alternative Wastewater Collection Systems 246

8.7 Computer Applications and GIS 249

8.8 Chapter Synopsis 251

8.9 Relevant Web Sites 252

Review Questions 253

Practice Problems 254

9 Stormwater Management 255

9.1 Estimating Storm Runoff 256

9.2. Storm Sewer Systems 263

9.3 Best Management Practices 267

9.4 Floodplains 275

9.5 Control of Combined Sewer Overflow 277

9.6 Computer Applications 281

9.7 Chapter Synopsis 283

9.8 Relevant Web Sites 284

Review Questions 285

Practice Problems 285

10 Wastewater Treatment and Disposal 287

10.1 Legislation and Standards 288

10.2 Preliminary and Primary Treatment 290

10.3 Secondary(Biological)Treatment 293

10.4 Tertiary(Advanced)Treatment 309

10.5 On-Site(Decentralized)Wastewater Treatment and Disposal 315

10.6 Sludge(Biosolids)Management 326

10.7 Operation and Maintenance 336

10.8 Chapter Synopsis 338

10.9 Relevant Web Sites 339

Review Questions 340

Practice Problems 342

11 Municipal Solid Waste 343

11.1 Historical Background 344

11.2 Solid Waste Characteristics 345

11.3 Solid Waste Collection 347

11.4 Solid Waste Processing 350

11.5 Recycling 359

11.6 Sanitary Landfills 368

11.7 Chapter Synopsis 376

11.8 Relevant Web Sites 377

Review Questions 378

Practice Problems 379

12 Hazardous Waste Management 381

12.1 Characteristics and Quantities 383

12.2 Transportation of Hazardous Waste 386

12.3 Treatment,Storage,and Disposal 388

12.4 Site Remediation 396

12.5 Hazardous Waste Minimization 409

12.6 Chapter Synopsis 411

12.7 Relevant Web Sites 412

Review Questions 413

13 Air Pollution and Control 415

13.1 Historical Background 416

13.2 Atmospheric Factors 416

13.3 Types,Sources,and Effects 420

13.4 Global Air Pollution 426

13.5 Indoor Air Quality 433

13.6 Air Sampling and Measurement 437

13.7 Air Pollution Control 445

13.8 Chapter Synopsis 457

13.9 Relevant Web Sites 459

Review Questions 460

Practice Problems 461

14 Noise Pollution and Control 463

14.1 Basic Physics of Sound 464

14.2 Measurement of Noise 466

14.3 Effects of Noise 472

14.4 Noise Mitigation 472

14.5 Chapter Synopsis 477

14.6 Relevant Web Sites 478

Review Questions 478

Practice Problems 479

APPENDIXES 481

A Environmental Impact Studies and Audits 481

B Role of the Technician and the Technologist 489

C Review of Basic Mathematics,Units,and Unit Conversions 493

D Glossary and Abbreviations 505

E Selected References,Software,and Video Resources 519

F Answers to Practice Problems 521

G Color Photographs 534

INDEX 523