Contents 1
Introduction 1
PART ONE BRITAIN 1
Chater Ⅰ Geography 1
Section One Geographical Position and Boarders 1
Section Two Aea and Five Admnisstative Divisions 7
Section Three Nationaity，Popuation，and Lanquage 9
Section Four London，the Caital，and Other Major Cities 16
Section Five Mountains，Lakes，and Rivers 21
Section Six National Resourses 25
Section Seven Climate and Weather 28
Section Eight Transportation 32
Section One From the Primitive to Slavery 36
Chater Ⅱ History 36
Section Two The Formation and Development of Fedal—ism 41
Section Three The Decline of Feudalism and the Beginning 47
of Capitalism 47
Section Four Capitalist G rowing in the 18th Century 55
Section Five Bourgeois Revolution in the 17th Century 56
Section Six Industrial Revolution in the 18th Century 61
Section Seven British Imperialism in the 19th Century，the Vicorian Age（1837——1901） 64
Section Eight The Decline of the British Empire 71
ChapterⅢ Political System 81
Section One Monarchy 81
Section Two Constitution 82
Section Three Parliament 84
Section Four Government——Prime Minister，Cabbinet，and Administration 89
Section Five Political Parites and E1ections 92
Section Six The Legal System：Law，the Court，and the Police 96
Section Seven Local Government 99
Chapter Ⅳ National Economy 102
Section One General Survey 102
Section Two Industry 104
Section Three Agriculture 107
Section Four Foreign Trade 109
Section Five Government Expenditure 110
Section Six Work，Money，and Tax 111
Section Seven Commercialization of Gambling 113
Chapter Ⅴ Science and Culture 114
Section One Developing Science 114
Section Two Outstanding Culture 119
SectionOne General Survey 136
Chapter Ⅵ Education，Medicine，and Health 136
Section Two Government Educational Agencies 137
Section Three Primary，Secondary，and Higher Education 137
Section Four Educational Problems 151
Section Five Health Education and Research 152
Section Six Medical Expenditure 158
Chapter Ⅶ Mass Communications 159
Section One Newspapers and Magazines 159
Section Two Radios and Televisions 177
Chapter Ⅷ Miscellaneous 199
Sedtion One Welfare and Housing 199
Section Two Family and Life 206
Section Three Sports and Leisure 208
Section Four Holidays and Festivals 213
PART TWO AM ERICA 217
Chapter Ⅰ Geography 217
Section One Geographical Position，Boarders and Areas 217
Section Two Rivers，Lakes，and Coastlands 221
Section Three Population and Nationalities 225
Section Four Washington D·C·and Washington State 227
Section Five Administrative Areas：50 States and Their，Capitals 231
Section Six Climate and Weather 233
Section Seven Natural Resourses 236
Section Eight Indrustrial Distriution 240
Section Nine Agricutural Distriution 242
Section Ten Transportation 243
Section One The Colonial Perod（1492——1775） 246
Chapter Ⅱ American History 246
Section Two The Independant War（1775——1783） 253
Section Three The Civil War（1881——1885） 258
Section Four The Imperialism Perod 264
Section Five The Civil Rights Movement（1950——1968） 278
Section Six America During and Aound the Cold War 279
Section Seven US and the Gulf War 280
Chapter Ⅲ PoliticalSystem 282
Section One Constitution 282
Section Two President and the Congress 284
Section Three Government and Politics 287
Section Four The Senate and the House of Representatives 289
Section Five Two—Party System and Elections 292
Section Six Judicial System 295
Section Seven Racial Problems 298
Section Eight Imigration Problems 299
Section Nine Feminist Rights Campaign 301
Chapter Ⅳ American Economy 304
Section One General Survey 304
Section Two Agriculture 305
Section Three Industry and its Distribution 308
Section Four Services 311
Section Five Banking and Finance 313
Section Six Fiscal System 315
Section Seven The Structure of the Economy 320
Section Eight Foreign Trade 323
Section Nine Economic Crisis 326
Chapter Ⅴ Science and Arts 328
Section One General Survey 329
Section Two Science and National Economy 332
Section Three Science and Military Affairs 336
Section Four American Literature 337
Section Five American Arts 341
Chapter Ⅵ Education 345
Section One General Survey 345
Section Two Primary Education 349
Section Three Seconday Education 351
Section Four Higher Education 354
Chapter Ⅶ Miscellaneous 360
Section One Sports and Leisure 360
Section Two The American Way of Life 373
Section Three Basic American Values and Belief 383
Section Four Holidcays and Festivals 391