Preface 1
1 Introduction 5
1.1 General Skills 5
1.1.1 Word Skills 5
1.1.2 Reading Skills 7
1.2 A Skeleton of English Textbook 9
1.2.1 Book cover 9
1.2.2 Copyright 10
1.2.3 Contents 12
1.2.4 Preface 14
1.2.5 Acknowledgments 16
1.2.6 Appendix 17
1.2.8 Index 19
1.2.7 Glossary 19
1.2.9 Bibliography 20
1.3 Reading Guide 21
1.3.1 Book cover 21
1.3.2 Copyright 21
1.3.3 Acknowledgments 21
1.3.4 Appendix 22
1.3.5 Glossary 22
1.3.6 Index 22
1.3.7 Bibliography 22
2 Number Systems 23
2.1 The Decimal System 23
2.2 The Binary System 25
2.3 Counting in the Binary System 27
2.4 Binary Addition and Subtraction 29
2.5 Binary Multiplication and Division 31
2.6 Converting Decimal to Binary 33
2.7 Reading Guide 36
2.7.1 The decimal system 36
2.7.2 The binary system 37
2.7.3 Counting in the binary system 37
2.7.4 Binary addition and subtraction 38
2.7.5 Binary multiplication and division 38
2.7.6 Converting decimal to binary 38
2.8 Problems and Points to Ponder 38
3 Boolean Algebra and Gate Network 43
3.1 Introduction 43
3.2 Basic Concepts of Boolean Algebra 45
3.3 Logical Multiplication 47
3.4 OR Gates ＆ AND Gates ＆ Inverters 48
3.5 Complementation and Inverters 50
3.6 Evaluation of Logical Expressions 52
3.7 Reading Guide 55
3.7.1 Introduction 55
3.7.2 Basic concepts of Boolean algebra 55
3.7.3 Logical multiplication 56
3.7.4 OR gates AND gates 56
3.7.5 Complementation and inverters 56
3.7.6 Evaluation of logical expressions 57
3.8 Problems and Points to Ponder 57
4 Date Structures 60
4.1 Building Blocks 60
4.2 Vectors 61
4.3 Arrays 68
4.4.1 Selection 74
4.4 Sort 74
4.4.2 Bubble 75
4.5 Reading Guide 76
4.5.1 Building blocks 76
4.5.2 Vectors 77
4.5.3 Arrays 77
4.5.4 Selection 78
4.5.5 Bubble 78
4.6 Problems and Points to Ponder 79
5 High-level Language 82
5.1 PASCAL 82
5.1.1 INTEGER values 82
5.1.2 Data and data types 83
5.1.3 Constants and variables 85
5.1.4 Definitions and declarations 87
5.1.5 Assignment statements 90
5.2 C 93
5.3 Reading Guide 99
5.3.1 Integer values 99
5.3.2 Data and data types 99
5.3.3 Constants and variables 100
5.3.4 Definitions and declarations 100
5.3.5 Assignment statements 101
5.3.6 A C sample program 101
5.4 Problems and Points to Ponder 102
6 Operating System 104
6.1 Opening Remarks 104
6.2 Generations ofOperating Systems 106
6.3 Unbundling of Softwareand Hardware 111
6.4 Future Trends 113
6.5.1 Opening remarks 115
6.5.2 Generations of operating system 115
6.5 Reading Guide 115
6.5.3 Unbundling of software and hardware 116
6.5.4 Futuretrends 117
6.6 Problems and Points to Ponder 117
7 Computer Virus 121
7.1 What is a Computer Virus？ 121
7.2 Affection of Computer Viruses 122
7.3 Recommendations 124
7.4 A Guide for Technical Management 126
7.5 Common Viruses 129
7.6 Summary 131
7.7.2 Affection of computer viruses 132
7.7 Reading Guide 132
7.7.1 What is a computer virus？ 132
7.7.3 Recommendations 133
7.7.4 A guide for technical management 133
7.8 Problems and Points to Ponder 134
8 Internet 136
8.1 Electronic Mail 136
8.2 Mailing Lists 141
8.3 Internet Glossary 144
8.4 Reading Guide 155
8.4.1 Electronic mail 155
8.4.2 Mailing lists 156
8.5 Problems and Points to Ponder 156
Bibliography 160