UNIT 1 The Principles of Oral Presentations and Lectures 1
1．Introduction 1
2．Different Types of Presentations 2
3．Needs Analysis 3
4．Brainstorming and Researching 6
5．Organization 7
6．Outlining 9
7．Functions 13
8．Preparing Visual Aids 19
9．Rehearsing 20
10．Dos and Don'ts of Oral Presentations 22
11．Checklists 23
UNIT 2 Preparing and Delivering the Oral Presentation 28
1．Introduction 28
2．Organizing the Content 28
3．Delivering the Presentation 38
4．Practice Exercises 43
UNIT 3 Guidelines for Giving a Conference Talk 52
1．Introduction 52
2．Summary 52
3．Essential Points 53
4．Visual Aids 53
5．Self-evaluation 54
6．Conference Talk Outline 54
7．Oral Functions 55
8．Common Pitfalls to Avoid 60
9．Practice Exercises 61
UNIT 4 Writing a Conference Paper 74
1．Introduction 74
2．Basic Ingredients of a Successful Conference Paper 74
3．Style and Format 75
4．How to Write an Abstract for a Conference Paper 78
5．How to Write a Short Research Proposal 81
6．Sample Conference Paper 86
UNIT 5 Effective Argumentation 95
1．Introduction 95
2．State Your Claim:Dos and Don'ts 95
3．Strategies to Argue a Point Effectively 96
4．Strategies to Disagree Effectively 98
5．Practice Exercises 99
UNIT 6 Question and Answer Session 111
1．Introduction 111
2．Welcome Questions 111
3．How to Respond to Questions Effectively 112
4．Dealing with Difficult or Even Hostile Questions 114
5．Common Discussion Techniques 115
6．Sample Question and Answer Session 117
7．Pair Work:Exchanging Information 123
8．Triad Exercise(three students):Volunteering an Answer 126
9．Pair Work:Practice Question and Answer Session 129
10．Small Group Work:Mock Interview 132
References 136