一、工业Industry 1
(一)现代工业Modern Industry 1
(一) 现代工业Modern Industry 1
1.工业类型Types of Industries 1
一、工业Industry 1
2.工业改革Reform in Industry 3
3.工业产权Industrial Property Right 7
(1)发明和革新Invention and Innovation 7
(2)专利Patent 8
(3)商标Trademark 9
4.工业材料Industrial Materials 10
(1)材料技术Material Technology 10
(2)工业材料类型Types of Industrial Material 14
(4)石英、晶体等Quartz，Crystal，etc. 15
(3)陶瓷、玻璃等Ceramics，Galss，etc. 15
(5)半导体Semiconductor 16
(6)树脂、胶黏剂等Resin，Adhesive，etc. 16
(7)塑料、纤维等Plastics，Fibre，etc. 16
(8)合金等Alloy，etc. 17
5.工业废料的综合利用Multiple Utilization of Industrial Wastes 18
(1)工业废料及污染Industrial Wastes and Pollution 18
(2)三废处理Three Wastes Treatment 18
6.其他工业用语Other Industrial Terms 19
(二)工厂Factories and Plants 21
1.工厂名称Names of Factories 21
(二)工厂Factories and Plants 21
2.工厂机构Factory Institutions 26
(1)工厂组织Factory Organizations 26
(2)工厂科室Factory Sections and Offices 27
(3)车间Workshops 27
(4)工作室、检验室等Operating Rooms，Laboratories，etc. 28
(5)其他Others 28
3.职工Staff and Workers 29
(三)企业管理Enterprise Management 32
(1)企业类型Kinds of Enterprises 32
1.企业Enterprises 32
(三)企业管理Enterprise Management 32
(2)企业组织形式Forms of Enterprise Organizations 33
2.企业管理原理、组织及领导Principle,Organization and Leadership of Enterprise Management 34
3.计划管理与经营决策Planning Management and Managerial Decision Making 35
(1)计划与指标Plans and Indicators 35
(2)统计、决策与合同Statistics，Decision-Making and Contracts 36
4.科技管理Management of Science and Technology 38
(1)新技术、新产品开发Development of New Technology and New Products 38
(2)设计与工艺管理Design and Process Management 38
(3)科研管理Management of Scientific Research 39
5.生产管理Production Management 40
(1)生产过程组织Organization of Production Process 40
(2)质量管理Quality Control 41
(3)设备管理Equipment Management 41
(4)物资管理Materials and Equipment Management 42
(5)能源管理与环境保护Energy Management and Environmental Protection 42
6.劳动人事管理Labour and Personnel Management 43
(1)雇工制度Employment System 43
(2)工资制度Wage System 44
7.劳动保险Lobour Insurance 45
8.劳动保护Labour Protection 46
9.市场与销售管理Market and Sales Management 47
(1)市场Market 47
(2)价格Price 48
(3)销售Sale 48
10.财务管理Financial Management 49
(1)资金管理Fund Management 49
(2)利润管理Profit Management 49
(5)经济核算Economic Calculation 50
(3)税金Tax 50
(4)成本管理Cost Management 50
(6)会计与审计Accounting and Auditing 51
11.系统工程Systems Engineering 51
二、工业企业Industrial Enterprises 53
(一)矿业Mining Industry 53
1.矿业资源Mining Resources 53
二、工业企业Industrial Enterprises 53
(一)矿业Mining Industry 53
2.探矿Prospecting 54
3.矿物Minerals 55
(1)矿物种类Kinds of Mineral 55
(2)金属矿Metallic Ores 55
(3)非金属矿Non-metallic Ores 57
(1)矿山类型Types of Mines 58
4.矿山和人员Mines and Workers 58
(3)矿山人员Mining Workers and Staff 59
(2)矿山机构与设备Mine Institutions and Equipment 59
(二)煤炭Coal 60
1.煤矿Colliery 60
2.煤系和煤矿开采Coal Series and Mining 60
(1)煤系Coal Series 60
(二)煤炭Coal 60
(2)煤矿开采Mining 61
3.井巷工程Shaft Sinking and Roadway Drivage 62
(1)打井Shaft Sinking 62
4.通风Ventilation 63
(2)巷道工程Roadway Drivage 63
(3)运输机及索道运输Conveyor and Ropeway Haulage 64
(2)巷道运输Roadway Haulage 64
5.运输Haulage 64
(1)井筒提升Shaft Hoisting 64
7.矿山机械Mining Machinery 65
6.煤炭加工Coal Processing 65
8.矿山安全Mine Safety 66
(1)发电Electric Power Generation 67
1.电力工程Power Engineering 67
(三)电力Power 67
(三)电力Power 67
(2)发电站Power Station 68
(3)发电机及其他发电装置Generator and Other Electric Generating Devices 68
(4)发电技术Power Generating Technology 69
2.水力发电Hydroelectric Generation 70
(1)水力发电工程Hydraulic Electrogeneration Engineering 70
(2)水轮发电机Hydraulic Generator 70
(1)蒸汽发电站Stearm Generating Station 70
3.火力发电Thermal Power Generation 70
(2)汽轮机Steam Turbine 71
(3)燃气轮机发电机组Gas Turbogenerator 71
4.电子能发电站Atomic Power Station 72
5.电力控制Power Control 72
(1)控制系统Control System 72
(2)开关设备Switchgear 72
(3)电器及仪表Electrical Appliances and Meters 73
6.变电Power Transformation 73
7.电力输送Power Transmission 74
(1)金属Metals 75
(2)金属冶炼Metal Smelting 75
(四)冶金Metallurgy 75
1.金属和金属冶炼Metals and Metal Smelting 75
(四)冶金Metallurgy 75
2.炼铁Iron Smelting 76
(1)选矿Ore Dressing 76
(2)高炉Blast Furnace 77
(3)铁合金Ferroalloys 77
3.炼钢Steel Smelting 77
4.轧钢和热处理Rolling and Heat Treatment of Steel 79
(1)轧钢Steel Polling 79
(2)钢材Steel Products 79
(3)轧钢设备Rolling Equipment 79
(4)钢的热处理Heat Treatment of Steel 80
5.钢的种类Types of Steel 80
6.合金Alloying 81
7.炼焦Coking 81
(1)焦化厂Coking Plant 81
(2)煤气加工Coal Gas Processing 82
8.耐火材料Refractories 82
2.油田、机构和人员Oil Fields，Institutions and Personnel 83
(五)石油Petroleum 83
(五)石油Petroleum 83
(1)油田Oil Field 83
1.石油地质Petroleum Geology 83
(1)石油的生成Origin and Accumulation of Patroleum 83
(2)石油Oil 83
(2)油田人员Oil Field Personnel 84
(3)石油机构Oil Institutions 84
3.石测勘探Petroleum Exploration 84
4.石油钻井Petroleum Drilling 85
(1)石油工程Petroleum Engineering 85
(2)钻井设备Drilling Equipment 86
(2)石油开采Petroleum Recovering 87
6.采油Crude Oil Production 87
(1)油井Oil Well 87
5.海上钻井Offshore Drilling 87
(1)油、气储存Oil and Gas Storage 88
7.油、气储存和运输Storage and Transportation of Oil and Gas 88
(2)油、气运输Oil and Gas Transportation 89
8.石油精制Petroleum Refining 89
(1)炼油Oil Refining 89
(2)炼油设备Refining Equipment 90
9.原油产品Crude Oil Products 91
(六)化工Chemicals 92
1.化工机构和化工设备Chemical Institution and Equipment 92
(1)化工机构Chemical Institutions 92
(2)化工设备Chemical Equipment 92
(六)化工Chemicals 92
(1)无机原料Inorganic Raw Materials 93
2.化工原料Chemical Raw Materials 93
(2)有机原料Organic Raw Materials 94
3.单元过程Unit Processes 95
4.单元操作Unit Operations 96
(七)石油化工Petrochemicals 97
5.化工产品Products of Chemical Industry 97
(七)石油化工Petrochemicals 97
1.石油化工生产Petrochemical Production 97
(1)主要原料Principal Raw Materials 97
(2)生产技术Production Technique 98
2.石油化工产品Petrochemicals 98
(1)基本石油化工产品Primary Petrochemicals 98
(八)机械Machinery 99
(2)基本石化产品的应用Use of Primary Petrochemicals 99
(1)机械工人Machine Worders 99
(八)机械Machinery 99
1.机械工人与机构Workers and Institutions of Machinery 99
(2)机械工业机构Machinery Institutions 100
(1)机械种类Types of Machinery 101
(2)设备类型Types of Equipment 101
2.机械和设备Machinery and Equipment 101
(1)机械设计Machinery Design 102
3.设计、制图和试验Designing，Drawing and Testing 102
(2)机械制图Mechanical Drafting 103
(3)试验Test 103
(1)铸造工艺Casting Technology 104
4.铸造Casting 104
(2)造型Moulding 105
(3)熔化设备Melting Plant 105
(4)铸造机械Casting Machinery 105
5.锻造Forging 106
(2)热处理Heat Treatment 106
(1)锻造工艺与设备Forging Technology and Equipment 106
(3)冷处理Cold Treatment 107
6.机械加工Machining 107
(1)机械加工工艺Machining Technology 107
(2)机械制造工艺Machine Manufacturing Technology 108
(3)公差、变形和腐蚀Tolerance，Deformation and Corrosion 109
7.机械操作和保养Machinery Operation and Maintenance 109
(1)机械操作Machinery Operation 109
(2)机械保养Machinery Maintenance 110
8.机械性能Mechanical Performance 111
9.机械系统和机械装置Mechanical Systems and Devices 114
(1)机械系统Mechanical System 114
(2)机械装置Mechanical Device 114
(2)轮、齿轮和凸轮Wheels，Gears and Cams 115
(1)零部件Rarts and Spares 115
10.机件Machine Parts 115
(4)汽缸与轴颈Cylinder and Journal 116
(3)轴与轴承Shafts and Bearings 116
(6)离合器、制动器等Clutch，Brake，etc. 117
(5)手柄、夹具与板(盘) Handle，Fixture and Plate 117
(7)管道与阀门Pipe and Valve 118
11.机床Machine tool 119
(1)机床和刀具Machine Tools and Cutting Tools 119
(2)车床Lathe 119
(3)镗床和铣床Borer and Mill 119
(5)磨床、插床与及其他Grinder，Slotting Machine and Others 120
(4)钻床和刨床Drill and Planer 120
12.发动机Engine 122
(1)发动机种类Types of Engine 122
(2)部件、功率等Parts，Output，etc. 122
13.电动机Electric Motor 122
(1)电动机种类Types of Motor 122
(2)电动机负载Load 123
14.锅炉Boiler 123
(1)锅炉类型Types of Boiler 123
15.泵Pump 124
(1)泵的类型Types of Pump 124
(2)锅炉结构与设备Structure and Equipment of a Boiler 124
(2)泵的结构Pump Structure 126
16.升降机、起重机及运输机Elevator，Crane and Conveyer 126
(1)升降机Elevators 126
(2)起重机Cranes 126
(3)运输机Conveyers 127
(4)绞车与其他Winches and Others 127
17.压缩机、压力机及其他机械Compressor，Press and Others 128
(1)压缩机Compressors 128
(2)压力机Presses 128
(3)其他Others 128
18.手工具Hand Tool 129
1.电子工业机构Electronics Industrial Institutions 130
(九)电子工业Electronic Industry 130
(九)电子工业Electronic Industry 130
2.电子设备Electronic Equipment 131
3.电子技术Electronic Technology 132
4.无线电收音机Radio Receiver 133
5.电视［接收］机Television Receiver 134
6.电子计算机Electronic Computer 137
7.电子数字计算机Electronic Digital Computer 138
(十)仪表工业Meter Industry 140
1.量具Measuring Tools 140
2.工业用仪表Industrial Devices and Gauges 140
(十)仪表工业Meter Industry 140
3.实验仪器Laboratory Apparatus 141
(1)普通实验仪器General Laboratory Apparatus 141
(2)测绘仪器Survey and Drawing Apparatus 144
(4)仪表类Instruments 145
(3)量规类Measuring Gauges 145
(5)尺类Rules 146
(6)镜类Mirrors and Lens 147
(7)计、表类Meters and Gauges 148
(十一)医疗设备工业Medical Equipment Industry 149
1.诊断、治疗器械及用品Appliance for Diagnosis and Treatment 149
(十一)医疗设备工业Medical Equipment Industry 149
2.手术器械及用品Operating Appliance 151
(十二)造船Shipbuilding 153
1.造船工业机构、人员和设备Shipbuilding Institutions，Personnel and Equipment 153
(十二)造船Shipbuilding 153
2.造船工艺 Technology of Shipbuilding 154
3.船的构造Ship Structure 155
4.机动船舶Powered Vessels 156
5.非机动船舶Non-powered Vessels 157
6.客货船Passenger and Cargo Ship 158
(1)船舶结构Ship Structure 158
(2)船舶性能Ship Characteristics 160
7.航海器具Navigation Appliance 161
(十三)航天工业Space Industry 161
1.空间技术Space Technology 161
(十三)航天工业Space Industry 161
2.火箭Rocket 164
3.人造卫星Satellite 166
4.宇宙飞船Spaceship 169
5.航天飞机与太空航行Space Shuttle and Navigation 170
(1)航天飞机Space Shuttles 170
(2)太空航行Space Navigation 171
(十四)飞机制造业Aircraft Manufacturing Industry 172
1.民航飞机Civil Aircraft 172
(1)民航机类型Types of Civil Aircraft 172
(十四)飞机制造业Aircraft Manufacturing Inedustry 172
(2)机型、性能等Types，Characteristics，etc. 173
(3)民航直升机Civil Helicopter 173
(1)客机类型Types of Passenger Plane 174
2.客机Passenger Palne 174
(4)民用轻航空器Civil Aerostats 174
(2)客机设备Airliner Accommodation 175
3.民航运输机Civil Transport Planes 175
(1)运输机种类Types of Transport Plane 175
(2)运输机设备Freighter Accommodation 176
(十五)机车制造业Locomotive Making Industry 177
(十五)机车制造业Locomotive Making Industry 177
1.机车种类Types of Locomotive 177
4.飞行用品Flight Necessities 177
2.机车结构Locomotive Structure 178
3.蒸汽机车Steam Locomotive 178
4.内燃机车Diesel Locomotive 179
5.电力机车Electric Locomotive 179
6.货运列车Goods Trains 180
(十六)汽车工业Automobile Industry 181
1.运输车辆Transport Vehicles 181
(十六)汽车工业Automobile Industry 181
3.汽车Motorcar 182
(1)式样、型号等Models，Types，etc. 182
(2)动力系统Dynamic System 182
2.载客车辆Passenger Vehicles 182
(3)冷却系统(散热系统) Cooling System 183
(4)电系Electric System 183
(5)车体Automobile Body 183
(6)汽车车轮Automobile Wheel 184
(7)仪表Instruments 184
(8)车内设备与装潢Interior Trim and Appointments 184
(9)燃料系统及其他Fuel System and Others 184
4.汽车驾驶Driving 185
5.汽车维修Car Maintenance and Repair 185
(1)保养与维修Maintenance and Repair 185
(2)维修设备与工具Facilities and Tools for Motorcar Repair 186
6.摩托车Motorcycle 186
1.拖拉机Tractor 187
(十七)农业机械工业Agricultural Machinery Industry 187
(十七)农业机械工业Agricultural Machinery Industry 187
7.机器脚踏车Autobike 187
2.犁Plough 188
3.耙Harrow 189
4.耕作机Cultivator 190
5.选种、播种和移植机具Selectors，Seeders and Transplanting Machines 190
(1)选种机具Selectors 190
(2)播种、种植机具Seeders and Planters 190
(3)移植机具Transplanting Machines 191
(1)中耕机具Implements for Inter-cultivation 191
6.中耕、施肥机具Cultivators and Manure Distributors 191
(2)施肥机具Manure Distributors 192
7.收割机械Harvesting Machinery 192
(1)收割机Harvestors 192
(2)割草机械Mowing Machinery 193
8.作物处理机械Crop-processing Machinery 193
(1)脱粒机械Threshing Machinery 193
(2)谷场、谷仓用机械Barn Machinery 193
(3)作物干燥设备Crop Drying Equipment 194
9.其他农用机械Other Agricultural Machinery 194
10.农具Farm Tools 195
(十八)建筑工业Building Industry 197
(十八)建筑工业Building Industry 197
1.建筑机构和人员Building Institutions and Parsonnel 197
(1)建材种类Kinds of Building Materials 198
2.建筑材料Building Material 198
(2)粘结材料Cementing Material 199
(3)建筑石、砂、钢筋Building Stone，Sand and Reinforced Steel 199
(4)砖瓦Brick and Tile 200
(5)木材、玻璃等Timbering，Glass，etc. 201
(6)涂料及其他材料Paints and Others 201
3.建筑机械和器具Building Machinery，Apparatus and Tools 202
(1)建筑机械Builder s Machinery 202
(2)建筑器具Builder s Apparatus and Tools 203
4.建筑工程Construction Project 206
(1)城市规划和土地开发City Planning and Landscaping 206
(2)测量和设计Survey and Design 206
(3)施工Construction 207
(4)房屋建设Housing Construction 208
(5)基础工程Foundation Work 209
(7)屋面结构Roof Construction 210
(6)墙体工程及骨架承重结构Wall Building and Skeleton Construction 210
(8)地板和天花板Floor and Ceiling 211
(9)楼梯、走廊、阳台Stairway,Corridor，Balcony 211
(10)门Door 211
(11)窗Window 212
5.建筑物Buildings 213
(1)建筑和建筑物Architecture and Buildings 213
(2)建筑物类型Types of Buildings 213
(3)建筑物各部分Parts of a Building 214
(5)现代建筑物Modern Buildings 216
(4)房屋设备Building Installation 216
(6)中国古典建筑物Chinese Classical Buildings 217
(7)西式建筑物Western-Style Buildings 218
(8)城堡Castles 218
6.道路建设Road Construction 219
(1)道路类型Types of Road 219
(2)道路设置Road Laying 220
(3)道路结构与养护Road Structure and Maintenance 220
(4)高速公路Expressway 221
(5)公路铺建Road Construction 221
(6)筑路机械Road Making Machinery 222
7.桥梁建设Bridge Building 222
(1)桥梁类型Types of Bridge 222
(2)桥梁结构Bridge Structure 223
(3)桥梁建造Bridge Building 224
8.铁路建设Railway Construction 224
(1)铁路和铁路线Railway and Railway Lines 224
(2)铁路定线Railway Location 225
(3)轨道铺设Track Laying 225
(1)港口种类Kinds of Port 227
9.港口建设Port Building 227
(4)登山铁路Mountain Railway 227
(2)港口结构Harbour Accommodation 228
(3)港口其他设施Other Installations in Dock Area 229
10.机场建设Airfield Building 229
(1)机场种类Kinds of Airfield 229
(2)机场建筑与设施Airport Buildings and Installations 230
(3)机场跑道Runway 230
(4)机场灯光、标志Airport Lights and Markings 230
(十九)木材加工Timber Processing 231
1.木材Timber 231
(十九)木材加工Timber Processing 231
2.制材和加工Lumber Manufacture and Woodworking 232
4.木工工具Woodworking Tools 233
3.木工机械Woodworking Machinery 233
(2)纺织机构Textile Institutions 235
(二十)纺织Textile 235
(二十)纺织Textile 235
(1)纺织工人Textile Workers 235
1.纺织工人和纺织机构Textile Workers and Institutions 235
2.棉纺Cotton Spinning 236
(1)清棉与混棉Scutching and Mixing 236
(2)梳棉Carding 236
(3)粗纺和精纺Roving and Spinning 236
(4)气流纺纱Open-End Spinning 236
(6)打包Baling 237
3.棉织Cotton Weaving 237
(1)整经与穿经Warping and Entry 237
(2)穿综Healding 237
(5)络纱Winding 237
(3)浆纱Sizing 238
(4)织布Weaving 238
(5)织物Fabric 238
(1)织物的预处理Pre-treatment of Fabric 239
(2)织物染色Fabric Dyeing 239
4.印染Printing and Dyeing 239
(3)织物印花Fabric Printing 240
(4)染料Dyestuff 240
(1)织物后整理After-treatment of Fabric 241
(2)质量检验等Quality Inspection，etc. 241
5.织物整理Fabric Finishing 241
6.丝织Silk 242
(1)选茧与缫丝Cocoon Sorting and Silk Reeling 242
(2)丝纺Silk Spinning 242
(3)丝织物Silk Fabric 242
7.麻织Linen 243
8.毛织Woollens 243
(1)毛纺与毛织工艺Wool Spinning and Weaving 243
(2)毛织物Woollens 244
9.针织Knitting 244
10.化纤Chemical Fibre 245
(1)化纤种类Kinds of Chemical Fibre 245
(2)化纤工艺Chemical Fibre Processing 245
(二十一)橡胶Rubber 246
1.炼胶Rubber Processing 246
2.橡胶种类Types of Rubber 246
(二十一)橡胶Rubber 246
(二十二)塑料Plastics 247
(1)基本拼料Basic Ingredients 247
1.塑料的拼份Ingredients of Plastics 247
3.橡胶性能Properties of Rubber 247
(二十二)塑料Plastics 247
(2)配料Compounding Ingredients 248
2.制造工艺Manufacturing Technology 249
3.塑料制件Plastic Pieces 250
4.塑料制造用机械及仪表plastics Manufacturing Machinery and Instruments 250
5.模具Moulds 251
6.塑料种类Varieties of Plastics 252
7.塑料性能Properties of Plastics 253
(二十三)玻璃Glass 254
(二十三)玻璃Glass 254
1.玻璃制造Glass Making 254
2.玻璃种类Types of Glass 255
1.中国陶瓷Chinese Ceramics 257
(二十四)陶瓷Ceramics 257
(二十四)陶瓷Ceramics 257
2.陶瓷工艺Ceramic Technology 258
3.陶瓷种类Types of Ceramics 259
2.制纸浆Pulping 260
1.原材料处理Treatment of Raw Materials 260
(二十五)造纸Paper 260
(二十五)造纸Paper 260
3.打浆和施胶Beating and Sizing 262
4.抄纸Paper Making 262
5.造纸厂产品Paper Mill Products 263
2.印刷的种类Kinds of Printing 265
(二十六)印刷Printing 265
1.印刷术Art of Printing 265
(二十六)印刷Printing 265
3.排版Type Setting 267
(1)排字Composing 267
(2)铅字Type 268
(3)铸铅字Type Casting 269
(4)照相排版Phototypesetting 269
4.制版Plate Making 270
(1)铅版制作Stereotype Making 270
(2)电铸版和铜锌板制作Electrotyping and Block Making 270
(3)腐蚀制版Engraving 271
(4)胶版制作Offset Platemaking 271
(5)照相制版Photomechanical Reproduction 271
(6)其他Others 272
5.印刷Printing 273
(1)印刷工艺Printing Technology 273
(2)印刷机Printing Press 274
(3)胶印机Offset Press 274
(4)其他印刷机械Other Printing Machines 275
(5)油墨与烫金Ink and Bronzing 275
6.复印Duplicating 276
(1)复印工艺Duplicating Technology 276
(2)复印设备Duplicating Device 277
7.书籍装订Bookbinding 277
(1)装订工序Finishing Process 277
(2)装订本书籍Bound Books 279
(3)装订机械Binding Machinery 279
1.罐头厂Cannery 280
(1)罐头生产Canned Food Production 280
(二十七)食品加工Food Processing 280
(二十七)食品加工Food Processing 280
(2)罐头食品Canned Food 281
2.乳品厂Dairy Products Plant 281
3.饼干、面包厂Bakery 282
4.糖果厂Confectionery Manufactory 283
(1)糖果制造Candy Making 283
(2)糖果品Confectionery 283
(4)冰淇淋、冰棍制作Ice-cream and Ice-sucker Making 284
(5)汽水制作Aerated Water Making 284
(3)蜜饯制作Preserving 284
5.粮油加工Grain and Edible Oils Processing 285
(1)粮食加工与榨油Grain Processing and Oil Pressing 285
(2)粮油加工机械Grain and Edible Oils Processing Machines 285
6.茶叶、咖啡和可可加工Processing of Tea，Coffee and Cocoa 285
(1)茶叶加工Tea Processing 285
(2)咖啡、可可加工Coffee and Cocoa Processing 286
(二十八)制糖Sugar 287
1.制糖工艺Sugar Refining Technology 287
(1)取汁Juice Extraction 287
(2)清汁Juice Purification 287
(二十八)制糖Sugar 287
2.糖类及糖厂副产品Sugars and By-products of Sugar Refinery 288
(1)糖类名称Names of Sugar 288
(3)煮炼Boiling until Crystallization 288
(2)糖厂副产品By-products of Sugar Refinery 289
(二十九)卷烟Cigarette Making 289
1.卷烟工艺Cigarette Making Technology 289
(二十九)卷烟Cigarette Making 289
(三十)酿酒Brewage 290
2.烟草加工机械Tobacco Processing Machinery 290
(三十)酿酒Brewage 290
1.啤酒酿造Beer Brewing 290
2.蒸馏酒生产Production of Distilled Spirits 291
(三十一)工艺美术Arts and Crafts 292
3.酿酒机械Beer Brewing and Wine Making Machinery 292
(三十一)工艺美术Arts and Crafts 292
1.象牙雕刻Ivory Carving 292
2.其他手工艺Other Handicrafts 293
3.珠宝首饰Jewelry 294
(3)自行车Bicycle 295
(2)手推车等Hand-cart,etc. 295
(三十二)乡镇企业Village-and-town Enterprise 295
(三十二)乡镇企业Village-and-town Enterprise 295
(1)畜力车Animal-driven Cart 295
1.农用车辆修造厂Farming Vehicles Yard 295
2.编织场Weaving and Braiding Shop 296
3.木工场Carpenter s Yard 297
4.采石场和石灰窑Quarry Yard and Limekiln 298
5.砖瓦厂Brickyard and Tilery 299
6.水泥厂Cement Plant 300
7.陶器作坊Pottery 300
8.烧炭场Charcoal-kiln Site 300
9.锻工场Forge 301
10.小船修造厂Boatyard 301
11.毛皮加工场Hide and Fur Processing Workshop 301
12.大车铺Cartwright s Shop 303
13.马具铺Harness-maker s Shop 303
14.马掌铺Farriery 304
15.制桶工场Cooperage 304
16.绳场Ropery 304
17.农村作坊Village Workshops 305
(1)磨坊Mill 305
(2)面坊Flour Mill 305
(3)碾坊Grain Mill 305
(4)油坊Oil Mill 305
(5)豆腐房Bean-curd Plant 305
(6)糖房Sugar Mill 306
(7)粉房Bean Noodle Mill 306
(一)新闻News 307
三、信息通信工业Information and Communication Industry 307
1. 新闻分类 News Classification 307
三、信息通信工业Information and Communication Industry 307
(一)新闻News 307
2. 新闻业务 News Service 308
3. 新闻机构 News Organ 310
(二)广播 Broadcast 310
1. 广播种类 Kinds of Broadcast 310
(二)广播Broadcast 310
2. 广播节目 Broadcasting Programme 311
3. 节目播放 Broadcasting 313
4. 广播技术 Broadcasting Technique 313
5. 广播器材 Broadcasting Equipment 314
(1) 播放器材 Broadcasting Equipment 314
(2) 录音器材 Recording Equipment 314
(3) 收音器材 Radios 317
(4) 唱机 Record Player 319
(5) 话筒 Microphone 320
(6) 耳机 Earphone 320
6. 广播机构及人员 Broadcasting Institutions and Personnel 320
(三)电视Television 322
(三)电视 Television 322
1. 电视与电视技术 Television and Television Technology 322
(1) 电视种类 Types of Television 322
(2) 电视技术 Television Technology 322
2. 电视节目 Television Programme 323
3. 电视播放与收看 Television Broadcasting and Reception 326
(1) 电视播放 Television Broadcasting 326
(2) 电视收看 Television Reception 326
4. 电视制作 Television Production 327
(1) 电视播放设备 Television Broadcasting Equipment 329
(2) 电视摄像机 Television Camera 329
5. 电视器材 Television Equipment 329
(3) 录像器材 Video Recording Equipment 330
(4) 电视接收器材 Television Receiving Equipment 330
6. 电视台、电视工作人员及电视组织 Television Station，Teletricians and Telecasting Organization 332
(四)报纸Newspaper 333
(四)报纸 Newspaper 333
1. 报纸种类 Types of Newspaper 333
2. 报纸出版与发行 Newspaper Publication and Distribution 334
(1) 报纸出版 Newspaper Publication 334
(2) 报纸发行 Newspaper Distribution 335
3. 稿件与内容 Contribution and Copy 336
(1) 报纸稿件 Newspaper Contribution 336
(2) 报纸内容Copy 336
4. 报社及人员 Newspaper Office and Staff 338
(五)杂志 Magazine 340
1. 刊物种类 Kinds of Publication 340
(五)杂志Magazine 340
2. 杂志编辑与出版 Magazine Editing and Publication 342
(六)出版Publishing 343
3. 杂志编撰人员等 Magazine Editors，Contributors，etc. 343
(六)出版 Publishing 343
1. 书籍编纂 Book Compiling 343
2. 编辑与校对 Editing and Proof-Reading 346
(1) 编辑 Editing 346
(2) 校对 Proof-Reading 347
3. 书籍印刷与发行 Book Printing and Distributing 348
(1) 印刷 Printing 348
4. 出版物 Publication 350
(1) 出版物种类 Kinds of Publication 350
(2) 发行 Distributing 350
(2) 书籍 Books 351
(3) 版本 Edition 354
5. 出版机构与人员 Publishing Agency and Personnel 356
(1) 出版社、出版公司等 Publishing House，Company，etc. 356
(2) 出版社各部门 Departments，Sections，etc. 357
(3) 编辑、出版人员 Publishing and Editing Personnel 357
(七)邮政Post 358
(七)邮政 Post 358
1. 邮政系统 Postal System 358
(1) 邮电机构 Establishments of Post and Telecommunication 358
(2) 邮局各部门 Departments，Offices,etc. 359
(3) 邮电人员 Postal Personnel 359
2. 邮政业务 Postal Service 360
3. 邮递 Posting and Delivering 361
4. 邮件 Post 363
(1) 邮件种类 Kinds of Post(/mail) 363
(2) 信件 Letters 363
(3) 明信片 Postcards 364
(4) 信封与信笺 Envelopes and Letter Paper 365
(5) 邮政包裹 Postal Parcels 365
5. 邮资、邮票 Postage and Stamps 366
(1) 邮资 Postage 366
(2) 邮票 Stamps 366
6. 邮政设备 Postal Equipment 367
(八)电报 Telegraph 368
1. 电报系统 Telegraph System 368
(1) 电报局 Telegraph Office 368
(2) 电报局职工 Telegraph Office Workers 368
2. 电报业务 Telegraphic Service 368
(八)电报Telegraph 368
3. 电报 Telegram 370
4. 用户直通电报 Telex 371
5. 电报设备 Telegraphic Equipment 372
(1) 电报机械 Telegraphic Machinery 372
(2) 电报机零部件 Telegraph Parts 373
(3) 电报电码 Telegraphic Code 373
(1) 电话局 Telephone Office 374
(九)电话Telephone 374
(2) 机房、电话台、交换机等 Rooms，Services，Switchboards，Exchanges，etc. 374
(九)电话 Telephone 374
1. 电话系统 Telephone System 374
(3) 电话局职工、用户等 Telephone Office Workers，Subscribers，etc. 375
2. 电话业务 Telephone Traffic 375
3. 电话设备 TelePhone EquipMent 377
(1) 电话机种类 Kinds of Telephone Set 377
(3) 其他电话机具 Other Telephone Equipment 378
(2) 电话机结构 Structure of a Telephone Set 378
(4) 电话线路 Telephone Lines 378
(5) 电话用电缆等 Telephone Cables，etc. 379
四、军事工业Military Industry 380
四、军事工业 Military Industry 380
(一) 武器 Weapons 380
1. 武器种类 Kinds of Weapon 380
(一)武器Weapons 380
2. 枪械 Firearms 381
(1) 枪械种类 Kinds of Firearm 381
(2) 枪械构造 Firearm Components 381
3. 炮 Cannons 381
(1) 炮的种类 Kinds of Cannon 381
4. 军用飞机 Military Airplanes 382
(2) 炮的构造 Cannon Components 382
(1) 军用飞机种类 Kinds of Military Airplane 382
(3) 轰炸机 Bomber 383
(2) 战斗机 Fighter 383
(4) 截击机 Interceptor 384
(5) 侦察机 Reconnaissance Airplane 384
(6) 运输机 Transport 384
(7) 教练机 Trainer 384
(8) 滑翔机 Glider 384
(1)装甲战斗车辆种类 Kinds of Armored Fighting Vehicle 385
(9) 直升机 Helicopter 385
(10)军用飞机零部件 Military Aeroplane Parts 385
5.装甲战斗车辆 Armored Fighting Vehicle 385
(2)装甲车辆结构 Armored Vehicle Components 386
6.军舰 Warship 386
(1)海军舰艇 Naval Vessel 386
(2)战斗舰只 Combatant Ships 387
(3)其他舰只 Other Ships 387
7.导弹 Missile 387
8.火箭 Rocket 388
1.子弹、手榴弹、炸药 Bullet，Hand-Grenade，Explosive，etc. 389
(1)子弹 Cartridge 389
(二)弹药Ammunition 389
(二)弹药 Ammunition 389
9.军用卫星 Military Satellite 389
(2)手榴弹 Hand-grenade 390
(3)炸药 Explosive 390
2.炸弹 Fragmentation Bomb 390
3.炮弹 Shell 391
4.雷 Mine 392
5.弹药部件等 Ammunition Components，etc. 392
(三)军事装备Military Equipment 393
(三)军事装备 Military Equipment 393
1.军车、军船、军马等 Military Vehicle，Boat，Army Horse，etc. 393
2.雷达、望远镜、探照灯等 Radar，Telescope，Searchlight，etc. 394
3.防护、医疗装备 Protective and Medical Equipment 394
4.其他装备 Other Equipment 395
(四)军需 Military Supplies 395
1.给养 Provisions 395
(四)军需Military Supplies 395
2.被服 Bedding and Clothing 396
3.军用徽章 Military Badges 397
五、现代工业技术Modern Industrial Technology 398
(一)计算机技术Computer Technology 398
五、现代工业技术 Modern Industrial Technology 398
(一)计算机技术 Computer Technology 398
1.计算机和计算机技术 Computer and Computer Technology 398
(1)计算机 Computer 398
(2)计算机技术 Computer Technology 399
2.硬件系统 Hardware Systems 401
(1)计算机内部器件 Computer Internal Device 401
(2)计算机外部设备 Computer External Device 402
3.软件系统 Software Systems 402
(1)软件系统 Software System 402
(2)软件术语 Software Terms 405
4.计算机编程 Computer Programming 418
5.计算机语言 Computer Language 446
6.计算机网络 Computer Networking 452
(二)信息技术Information Technology 471
(二)信息技术 Information Technology 471
1.数据库 Database 471
2.文本处理 Text Processing 473
3.计算机集成制造 CIM；Computer Intergrated Manufacturing 474
4.OSI结构 OSI Structure 475
5.办公自动化 Office Automation(OA) 476
6.汉语信息处理 Chinese Language Information Processing 477
(1)汉字编码 Chinese Character Coding 477
(2)汉语理解 Chinese Understanding 479
(3)机器翻译 Machine Translation 480
(三)人工智能和机器人技术 Artificial Intelligence and Robotic Technology 481
1.人工智能 Artificial Intelligence 481
(三)人工智能和机器人技术Artificial Intelligence and Robotic Technology 481
2.机器人 Robot 484
3.机器人技术 Robotic Technology 485
(四)生物医学技术Biomedical Technology 489
4.机械手 Manipulator 489
(四)生物医学技术 Biomedical Technology 489
1.生物技术 Biotechnology 489
2.卫生及医学技术 Health and Medical Technology 491
3.基因工程Gene Engineering 495
(五)电子技术Electronic Technology 500
(五)电子技术 Electronic Technology 500
1.电子技术 Electronic Technology 500
2.电子设备 Electronic Equipment 508
3.无线电技术 Radio Technology 518
4.电视技术 Television Technology 526
(六)工业自动化Industrial Automation 529
(六)工业自动化 Industrial Automation 529
1.自动控制 Automatic Control 529
2.遥控 Remote Control 547
(七)雷达工程Radar Engineering 552
(七)雷达工程 Radar Engineering 552
1.雷达技术 Radar Technique 552
2.雷达 Radar 562
(八)脉冲与射流技术 Pulse and Jet Technology 564
1.脉冲技术 Pulse Technology 564
(八)脉冲与射流技术Pulse and Jet Technology 564
2.射流技术 Jet Technique 568
(九)微型化与微波技术Miniaturization and Microwave Technology 570
(九)微型化与微波技术 Miniaturization and Microwave Technology 570
1.微型化及显微技术 Miniature and Microtechnique 570
2.微波技术 Microwave Technology 577
(十)光技术 Optical Technology 579
1.光学技术 Optical Technology 579
(十)光技术Optical Technology 579
2.光电技术 Photoelectric Technology 583
3.光纤技术 Fibre-optic Technology 587
4.红外、紫外技术 Infrared and Ultraviolet Technology 590
(十一)激光技术 Laser Technology 593
1.激光 Laser 593
(十一)激光技术Laser Technology 593
2.激光器 Laser 601
(十二)声技术与数字技术Acoustic and Digital Technology 605
(十二)声技术与数字技术 Acoustic and Digital Technology 605
1.声技术 Acoustic Technology 605
2.数字技术 Digital Technology 610
(十三)海洋技术Oceanology 614
1.海洋工程 Ocean engineering 614
(十三)海洋技术 Oceanology 614
2.海洋技术 Oceanology 618
3.近海技术 Offshore Technology 620
(十四)核技术 Nuclear Technology 623
1.核工程学 Nuclear Engineering 623
(十四)核技术Nuclear Technology 623
2.热核技术 Thermonuclear Technology 630
3.放射学 Radiology 631
4.核电技术 Nuclear Power Technology 635
5.核试验 Nuclear Test 636
1.能源开发 Energy Development 637
(十五)能源开发技术Energy Development Technology 637
(十五)能源开发技术 Energy Development Technology 637
2.新能源 New Energy Sources 640
3.太阳能 Solar Energy 644