1 INTRODUCTORY DIGITAL CONCEPTS 1
1-1 Digital and Analog Quantities 2
1-2 Binary Digits,Logic Levels,and Digital Waveforms 4
1-3 Basic Logic Operations 11
1-4 Basic Logic Functions 13
1-5 Digital Integrated Circuits 18
1-6 Testing and Troubleshooting Instruments 22
1-7 Digital System Application 30
2 NUMBER SYSTEMS,OPERATIONS,AND CODES 38
2-1 Decimal Numbers 40
2-2 Binary Numbers 41
2-3 DecimaltoBinary Conversion 45
2-4 Binary Arithmetic 48
2-5 1′s and 2′s Complements of Binary Numbers 51
2-6 Signed Numbers 53
2-7 Arithmetic Operations with Signed Numbers 59
2-8 Hexadecimal Numbers 65
2-9 Octal Numbers 71
2-10 Binary Coded Decimal(BCD) 74
2-11 Digital Codes and Parity 76
2-12 Digital System Application 85
3 LOGIC GATES 98
3-1 The Inverter 100
3-2 The AND Gate 103
3-3 The OR Gate 109
3-4 The NAND Gate 114
3-5 The NOR Gate 119
3-6 The ExclusiveOR and ExclusiveNOR Gates 123
3-7 Integrated Circuit Logic Gates 127
3-8 Troubleshooting 138
3-9 Digital System Application 144
4 BOOLEAN ALGEBRA AND LOGIC SIMPLIFICATION 162
4-1 Boolean Operations and Expressions 164
4-2 Laws and Rules of Boolean Algebra 165
4-3 DeMorgan′s Theorems 170
4-4 Boolean Analysis of Logic Circuits 174
4-5 Simplification Using Boolean Algebra 176
4-6 Standard Forms of Boolean Expressions 179
4-7 Boolean Expressions and Truth Tables 185
4-8 The Karnaugh Map 188
4-9 Karnaugh Map SOP Minimization 191
4-10 Karnaugh Map POS Minimization 200
4-11 FiveVariable Karnaugh Maps 204
4-12 Digital System Application 206
5 COMBINATIONAL LOGIC 224
5-1 Basic Combinational Logic Circuits 226
5-2 Implementing Combinational Logic 231
5-3 The Universal Property of NAND and NOR Gares 237
5-4 Combinational Logic Using NAND and NOR Gates 239
5-5 Operation with Pulse Waveforms 244
5-6 Troubleshooting 248
5-7 Digital System Application 254
6 FUNCTIONS OF COMBINATIONAL LOGIC 270
6-1 Basic Adders 272
6-2 Parallel Binary Adders 275
6-3 Comparators 283
6-4 Decoders 287
6-5 Encoders 296
6-6 Code Converters 300
6-7 Multiplexers(Data Selectors) 304
6-8 Demultiplexers 312
6-9 Parity Generators/Checkers 314
6-10 Troubleshooting 317
6-11 Digital System Application 320
7 INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICES 344
7-1 PLD Arrays and Classifications 346
7-2 Programmable Array Logic(PAL) 348
7-3 Generic Array Logic(GAL) 354
7-4 The GAL22V10 357
7-5 The GAL16V8 365
7-6 PLD Programming 368
7-7 PLD Software 371
7-8 Digital System Application 380
8 FLIPFLOPS AND RELATED DEVICES 392
8-1 Latches 394
8-2 EdgeTriggered FlipFlops 400
8-3 MasterSlave FlipFlops 411
8-4 FlipFlop Operating Characteristics 414
8-5 FlipFlop Applications 417
8-6 OneShots 421
8-7 The 555 Timer 427
8-8 Troubleshooting 432
8-9 Digital System Application 435
9 COUNTERS 452
9-1 Asynchronous Counter Operation 454
9-2 Synchronous Counter Operation 462
9-3 Up/Down Synchronous Counters 469
9-4 Design of Synchronous Counters 473
9-5 Cascaded Counters 482
9-6 Counter Decoding 486
9-7 Counter Applications 490
9-8 Troubleshooting 494
9-9 Logic symbols with Dependency Notation 499
9-10 Digital System Application 500
10 SHIFT REGISTERS 520
10-1 Basic Shift Register Functions 522
10-2 Serial In/Serial Out Shift Registers 523
10-3 Serial In/Parallel Out Shift Registers 527
10-4 Parallel In/Serial Out Shift Registers 529
10-5 Parallel In/Parallel Out Shift Registers 532
10-6 Bidirectional Shift Registers 534
10-7 Shift Register Counters 537
10-8 Shift Register Applications 541
10-9 Troubleshooting 547
10-10 Logic Symbols with Dependency Notation 549
10-11 Digital System Application 551
11 SEQUENTIAL LOGIC APPLICATIONS OF PLDS 568
11-1 The Complete OLMC 570
11-2 OLMC Mode Selection 573
11-3 Implementing Shift Registers with PLDs 577
11-4 Implementing Counters with PLDs 581
11-5 PLD System Implementation 589
11-6 Digital System Application 599
12 MEMORY AND STORAGE 610
12-1 Basics of Semiconductor Memory 612
12-2 RandomAccess Memories(RAMs) 615
12-3 ReadOnly Memories(ROMs) 629
12-4 Programmable ROMs(PROMs and EPROMs) 634
12-5 Flash Memories 638
12-6 Memory Expansion 642
12-7 Special Types of Memories 648
12-8 Magnetic and Optical Storage 654
12-9 Testing and Troubleshooting 660
12-10 Digital System Application 664
13 INTERFACING 682
13-1 Digital and Analog Interfacing 684
13-2 DigitaltoAnalog(D/A)Conversion 687
13-3 AnalogtoDigital(A/D)Conversion 694
13-4 Troubleshooting DACs and ADCs 704
13-5 Internal System Interfacing 708
13-6 Standard Buses 712
13-7 Digital System Application 722
14 INTRODUCTION TO MICROPROCESSORS AND COMPUTERS 740
14-1 The Microprocessor and the Computer 742
14-2 Microprocessor Families 747
14-3 The 8086/8088 Microprocessor and Software Model for the Pentium Processor 751
14-4 Microprocessor Programming 758
14-5 The Central Processing Unit(CPU) 765
14-6 The Memory 770
14-7 The Input/Output(I/O)Port 774
14-8 Interrupts 777
14-9 Direct Memory Access(DMA) 779
15 INTEGRATED CIRCUIT TECHNOLOGIES 788
15-1 Basic Operational Characteristics and Parameters 790
15-2 CMOS Circuits 798
15-3 TTL Circuits 803
15-4 Practical Considerations in the Use of TTL 808
15-5 Comparison of CMOS and TTL Performance 816
15-6 EmitterCoupled Logic(ECL)Circuits 817
15-7 PMOS,NMOS,and E2CMOS 818