Chapter 1 Cisco Solutions for Remote Access 3
What Is Remote Access? 3
WAN Connection Types 3
WAN Encapsulation Protocols 14
Selecting a WAN Protocol 17
Choosing Remote Connection Cisco Products 22
Fixed Interfaces 23
Product Selection Tools 24
Modular Interfaces 24
Cabling and Assembling the WAN 25
Internetworking Overview and Remote Access Interface Options 25
Identifying Company Site Equipment 28
Verifying a Network Installation 33
Summary 36
Key Terms 37
Commands in This Chapter 37
Hands-on Labs 38
Review Questions 38
Written Lab 38
Answers to Written Lab 41
Answers to Review Questions 41
Chapter 2 Asynchronous Connections 43
Asynchronous Modems 44
Signaling and Cabling 48
Modulation Standards 49
Configuring Asynchronous Modem Connections 51
Automatic Configuration 52
Manual Configuration 56
Summary 58
Key Terms 59
Commands in This Chapter 59
Written Lab 60
Hands-on Lab 61
Review Questions 61
Answers to Written Lab 64
Answers to Review Questions 64
Chapter 3 Point-to-Point Protocol 67
PPP Overview and Architecture 68
The Flag Field 69
The Control Field 70
The Protocol Field 70
The Address Field 70
The Information Field 71
The Frame Check Sequence (FCS) Field 71
Configuring Access Servers 71
Dedicated or Interactive PPP 72
Interface Addressing Options for Local Devices 72
Configuring PPP 72
PAP and CHAP Authentication 79
Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) 80
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) 80
PPP Callback 82
PPP Compression and Multilink 83
Compression Configuration 83
Multilink Configuration 85
Verifying and Troubleshooting PPP 87
The debug ppp authentication Command 87
The debug ppp negotiation Command 88
The debug ppp packet Command 91
Summary 94
Key Terms 95
Commands in This Chapter 95
Written Lab 96
Hands-on Lab 97
Lab 3.1: PPP and DHCP Configuration 97
Review Questions 98
Answers to Review Questions 101
Answers to Written Lab 101
Chapter 4 Using Microsoft Windows 95/98 105
Reasons to Use Dial-Up Networking 106
Configuring Dial-Up Networking with Windows 95/98 107
Configuring a Dial-Up Connection Client 108
Dial-Up Networking Application 108
Make New Connection Wizard 109
Connection Properties 111
Additional Configuration Options 118
Launch Terminal Windows 119
Lock DTE Speed 119
Verifying a Dial-Up Connection 120
Summary 121
Key Terms 121
Commands in This Chapter 121
Written Lab 121
Review Questions 122
Answers to Written Lab 125
Answers to Review Questions 125
Chapter 5 Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) 127
What Is Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)? 129
ISDN Line Options 130
Basic Rate Interface (BRI) 131
Primary Rate Interface (PRI) 132
ISDN Function Groups 133
ISDN Reference Points 134
ISDN Protocols 136
LAPD Frames 136
Layer 2 Negotiation 139
ISDN Call Setup and Teardown 141
The Old Way versus the New Way 143
ISDN Configuration 143
Authentication 146
Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) 146
Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) 148
The Authentication Process 149
Dial-on-Demand Routing (DDR) 150
Configuring DDR 150
Configuring the Dialer Information 151
Configuring the Static Routes 151
Specifying Interesting Traffic 151
Optional Commands 153
DDR with Access Lists 154
Verifying the ISDN Operation 154
Dial Backup 155
Setting Up Dial Backup 155
Testing the Backup 157
Bandwidth on Demand 163
Channelized T1/E1 (PRI) 164
Configuring ISDN PRI 165
Configuring E1 166
Summary 167
Key Terms 167
Commands in This Chapter 167
Written Lab 169
Hands-on Labs 170
Lab 5.1: DDR 170
Lab 5.2: Configuring PRI and BRI 172
Review Questions 175
Answers to Written Lab 177
Answers to Review Questions 179
Chapter 6 Cisco 700 Series 181
700 Series Overview 182
Features of the 700 Series 184
Routing and WAN Features 186
ISDN and Telephony Features 189
Profiles 190
Cisco 700 Help 191
Configuring the 700 Series 191
Configuration Output 197
ISDN Switch Type Commands 198
System-Level Configuration Commands 198
LAN Profile 199
Creating a User Profile 200
PPP Callback 200
IP Traffic with CHAP between a 700 Series and an IOS-based Router 201
Dynamic Host Control Protocol 203
Port Address Translation (PAT) 204
Troubleshooting the 700 Series 205
Monitoring IP Routing 206
Summary 207
Key Terms 207
Commands in This Chapter 207
Written Lab 210
Hands-on Lab 211
Review Questions 212
Answers to Review Questions 215
Answers to Written Lab 215
Chapter 7 X.25 and LAPB 219
The Basics of X.25 220
X.25 at the Network Layer 221
X.25 and LAPB at the Data Link Layer 225
X.25 at the Physical Layer 227
X.25 Virtual Circuits 230
Configuring X.25 231
Configuring X.25 Encapsulation Types 231
Configuring an SVC 234
Configuring a PVC 236
Configuring an X.25 Virtual Circuit Range 237
Default Inbound and Outbound Packet Sizes 238
Configuring Window Sizes 239
Verifying X.25 Configuration 239
X.25 Troubleshooting 240
The Show Interface Serial Command 240
Debug Commands 241
Key Terms 242
Misconfigured x25 map Commands 242
Summary 242
Commands in This Chapter 243
Written Lab 244
Hands-on Lab 244
Review Questions 245
Answers to Written Lab 248
Answers to Review Questions 248
Chapter 8 Frame Relay 251
What Is Frame Relay? 252
A Brief History of Frame Relay 253
Frame Relay Virtual Circuits 253
Switched Virtual Circuits 254
Permanent Virtual Circuits 255
Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI) 255
DLCI Mapping 256
Frame Relay Local Management Interface (LMI) 258
Configuring Frame Relay 259
Factors Affecting Performance 260
Frame Relay Congestion Control 260
Congestion Handling by Frame Relay Switches 261
Congestion Handling by Routers 262
Point-to-Point and Multipoint Interfaces 263
Verifying Frame Relay 266
The show interface Command 266
The show frame-relay pvc Command 267
The debug frame-relay lmi Command 268
The show frame-relay lmi Command 268
The show frame-relag map Command 268
Frame Relay Switching 269
Frame Relay Switching Commands 270
Frame Relay Traffic Shaping 272
Configuring Traffic Shaping 273
Summary 274
Key Terms 274
Commands in This Chapter 275
Written Lab 276
Lab 8.1: Configuring Frame Relay with Subinterfaces 277
Hands-on Labs 277
Lab 8.2: Frame Relay Traffic Shaping 278
Review Questions 279
Answers to Written Lab 282
Answers to Review Questions 283
Chapter 9 Queuing and Compression 285
Queuing 286
Traffic Prioritization 287
Queuing Policy 287
IOS Queuing Options 288
Weighted Fair Queuing 289
Priority Queuing 292
Custom Queuing 295
Compression 301
TCP Header Compression 302
Payload Compression 303
Link Compression 303
Compression Considerations 304
Summary 305
Written Lab 306
Key Terms 306
Commands in This Chapter 306
Hands-on Lab 307
Review Questions 308
Answers to Written Lab 312
Answers to Review Questions 312
Chapter 10 Network Address Translation (NAT) and Port Address Translation (PAT) 315
Understanding Network Address Translation (NAT) 317
NAT Terminology 317
How NAT Works 318
The Advantages of NAT 319
The Disadvantages of NAT 320
NAT Traffic Types 320
NAT Operations 321
Translating Inside Local Addresses 321
Overloading Inside Global Addresses 323
Using TCP Load Distribution 324
Overlapping Networks 325
Configuring NAT 326
Configuring Static NAT 327
Configuring Dynamic NAT, Inside Global Address Overloading. and TCP Load Distribution 328
Configuring NAT to Perform Overlapping Address Translation 329
Verifying NAT Configuration 331
Troubleshooting NAT 332
Clearing NAT Translation Entries 332
Port Address Translation (PAT) 333
Disadvantages to PAT 333
Configuring PAT 334
Monitoring PAT 335
Summary 336
Key Terms 336
Commands in This Chapter 337
Written Lab 337
Hands-on Lab 338
Review Questions 339
Answers to Written Lab 342
Answers to Review Questions 342
Chapter 11 Centralized Security in Remote Access Networks 345
Security Terminology 346
Cisco Access Control Solutions 347
CiscoSecure 348
Authentication, Authorization，and Accounting 349
How AAA Works 350
Router Access Modes 351
Character Mode Connections 351
Packet Mode Connections 352
Configuring AAA 353
Authentication Configuration 354
Authorization Configuration 356
Accounting Configuration 359
Virtual Profiles 360
Summary 361
Key Terms 361
Commands in This Chapter 361
Written Lab 364
Hands-on Lab 364
Lab 11.1 Configuring TACACS+ 364
Review Questions 365
Answers to Written Lab 368
Answers to Review Questions 368
Appendix A Practice Exam 371
Practice Exam Questions 372
Answers to Practice Exam 379
Appendix B Commands in This Study Guide 383
Appendix C References 399
Operating Systems 400
WAN Technologies 400
Web-Based Resources 400
Other Resources 401
Certification Study Groups 401
Users Groups 402
Standards Organizations 402
Job Search Web Sites 402
Hands-on Schooling 403
RFCs 403
Glossary 405