1．ability,capability,capacity 1
2．able,can,capable,competent 3
3．about,almost,nearly 7
4．above,beyond,over 10
5．absurd,funny,ridiculous 13
6．abundant,plentiful 14
7．accept,receive 15
8．access,passage,track,trail 17
9．accident,event,incident 20
10．accidental,incidental 22
11．accomplish,complete,conclude,finish 24
12．accomplishment,achievement,attainment 27
13．account,narrative,story,tale 29
14．accurate,exact,precise 32
15．accuse,charge 34
16．ache,hurt,pain 36
17．acknowledge,admit,confess 39
18．acquire,gain,get,obtain 42
19．act,action 45
20．act,performance,show 46
21．actual,genuine,real,true 48
22．add,plus 50
23．address,lecture,report,speech,talk 52
24．adequate,enough,sufficient 55
25．admit,allow,permit 58
26．adorn,decorate,ornament 61
27．advance,proceed,progress 64
28．advantage,benefit,interest,profit 66
29．affair,business,matter 69
30．affect,effect,influence 71
31．affection,emotion,feeling,sentiment 74
32．afraid,alarm,dread,fear,fright,horror,panic,scare,startle,terror 76
33．after,behind 84
34．afterwards,later 86
35．age,epoch,era,times 87
36．aggression,encroachment,intrusion,invasion 89
37．a great(good)deal of,a great(good)many,a lot of,a number of,lots of,many,many a,much,numbers of 91
38．agree,assent,concur,consent 94
39．aid,assist,help 96
40．alike,identical,like 99
41．alive,live,living 101
42．alliance,coalition,confederacy,confederation,league,union 103
43．allowance,permission,permit 105
44．alone,lone,lonely,lonesome 106
45．along with,together with 108
46．aloud,loud,loudly 109
47．alter,change 110
48．alternate,alternating,alternative 111
49．although,though 112
50．amaze,astonish,shock,surprise 113
51．amount,number,quantity,sum 115
52．ancient,antique,immemorial,old 117
53．anger,fury,indignation,rage 119
54．animal,beast,brute,creature 120
55．announce,declare,proclaim 122
56．annoy,bother,irritate 124
57．answer,reply,respond 125
58．anticipate,forecast,foretell,predict,prophesy 127
59．anxiety,care,concern,worry 129
60．anxious,eager 131
61．apparatus,device,instrument,tool 133
62．apparatus,engine,machine,machinery 134
63．apparent,distinct,evident,obvious,plain 136
64．appear,look,seem 138
65．appearance,countenance,look 139
66．appreciate,enjoy 141
67．appreciative,grateful,thankful 141
68．appropriate,fit,proper,suitable 143
69．apt,liable,prone 144
70．arduous,difficult,hard,laborious,tough 146
71．area,district,region 148
72．argue,debate,discuss,dispute 150
73．arise,raise,rise,lift 152
74．armament,arms,weapon 154
75．army,soldier,troop 156
76．arouse,rouse 157
77．arrogant,conceited,haughty,proud,vain 159
78．art,skill 161
79．article,composition,essay,paper 161
80．artificial,synthetic 163
81．as,because,for,since 164
82．ashamed,shameful,shameless 166
83．ask,beg,demand,inquire,request 167
84．aspect,respect 170
85．assume,presume,suppose 171
86．assure,ensure(insure),guarantee 172
87．athletics,game,sport 174
88．at last,finally,in the end 175
89．attain,gain,get,obtain 177
90．attempt,endeavour,try 179
91．attentive,considerate,thoughtful 181
92．avenge,revenge,vengeance 182
93．avenue,boulevard,drive,lane,road,street,way 184
94．await,wait 187
95．awake,awaken,wake,waken 188
96．award,honour,prize,reward 190
97．aware,conscious 192
98．awful,dreadful,fearful,scared,terrible 193
99．ban,forbid,prohibit 196
100．bandit,gangster,robber 197
101．bank,beach,coast,shore 198
102．banner,flag,standard 200
103．base,basis,foundation 202
104．bashful,shy,timid 203
105．basic,elementary,fundamental 205
106．beam,chuckle,giggle,grin,laugh,smile 207
107．bear,endure,stand,tolerate 210
108．beat,hit,strike 212
109．beautiful,fair,handsome,lovely,pretty 213
110．because of,due to,owing to,thanks to 215
111．before,in front of,in the front of 217
112．begin,commence,set off,start 219
113．behavio(u)r,conduct,manner 221
114．be in,dress,have on,put on,wear 223
115．believe,confide,trust 225
116．beloved,lovable,lovely 227
117．below,beneath,under,underneath 228
118．bend,lean,stoop 231
119．beside,besides 232
120．besides,but,except,except for,except that 234
121．bewilder,confuse,mix,perplex,puzzle 237
122．big,great,large 239
123．bind,tie 241
124．bit,crumb,fragment,piece,scrap 243
125．bleach,fade 246
126．blend,mix 247
127．bloc,clique 248
128．block,hinder,obstruct 249
129．bloom,blossom,flower 251
130．blush,flush 252
131．boast,brag 253
132．boat,ship,vessel 254
133．bold,brave,courageous 256
134．bond,tie 257
135．book,order,preserve,reserve 259
136．border,boundary,bounds,frontier,limit 261
137．borrow,lend,loan 263
138．boundless,infinite,unlimited 265
139．brain,mind 266
140．breed,bring up,raise 268
141．breeze,gale,wind 269
142．bright,brilliant,clever,intelligent,smart,wise 270
143．bring,carry,fetch,take 274
144．brink,edge,fringe,rim,verge 277
145．broad,wide 279
146．build,construct,erect,establish,found,set up 281
147．bull,bullock,calf,cattle,cow,ox 285
148．bulwark,stronghold 287
149．burden,load 289
150．business,commerce,trade 290
151．buy,purchase 292
152．calamity,catastrophe,disaster 293
153．calculate,count,reckon 295
154．calm,peaceful,quiet,serene,silent,still 297
155．campaign,drive,movement 301
156．capture,catch,seize 303
157．careful,cautious 304
158．cast,throw 305
159．cause,reason 307
160．celebrate,commemorate 308
161．celebrated,famous,noted,renowned,well-known 309
162．center,middle 311
163．chance,opportunity 313
164．character,individuality,personality,temperament 315
165．charge,fare,fee 317
166．cheat,deceive,delude 319
167．cheerful,glad,happy,joyful,joyous,merry 320
168．childish,childlike 322
169．chilly,cold,cool 323
170．choose,elect,sample,select 324
171．circumstance,environment,surrounding 326
172．claim,demand,order,request,require 328
173．class,course,lesson 330
174．clay,earth,mud,soil 332
175．clean,neat,tidy 333
176．climate,weather 335
177．close,shut 336
178．close,near 337
179．clothes,clothing,costume,dress,garment 338
180．collaborate,cooperate 340
181．collect,gather 342
182．college,institute,institution,university 343
183．colloquial,oral,spoken 344
184．combine,connect,join,link,unite 346
185．comfort,console 349
186．command,order 350
187．commodity,goods,merchandise 352
188．common,commonplace,ordinary,usual 353
189．common,general,popular,universal 355
190．communication,traffic,transport,transportation 357
191．compare,contrast 359
192．compare to,compare with 360
193．compatible,consistent 361
194．compel,constrain,force,oblige 362
195．complaint,disease,illness,sickness,trouble 365
196．complete,perfect 367
197．compose,comprise,consist of,constitute,make up 368
198．compromise,reconcile 370
199．conceal,hide 371
200．concentrate,focus 373
201．concept,conception,idea,notion 374
202．conduct,direct,guide,lead 376
203．conference,congress,meeting,party,rally 378
204．confine,limit 380
205．confront,face 382
206．consecrate,dedicate,devote 383
207．consequence,result 384
208．consequently,eventually 385
209．conserve,preserve 385
210．consider,deem,regard 386
211．conspiracy,intrigue,plot 387
212．contact,touch 388
213．continual,continued,continuous 389
214．contradictory,contrary,opposite 390
215．correct,right 391
216．costly,dear,expensive,precious,valuable 392
217．countless,immeasurable,incalculable,innumerable 393
218．country,nation,state 395
219．custom,habit 396
220．crawl,creep 397
221．crazy,mad 398
222．create,invent 399
223．credible,credulous 399
224．crime,sin 400
225．crop,harvest 401
226．crowded,packed 402
227．cry,exclaim,shout 402
228．cry,sob,weep 403
229．cure,heal,treat 404
230．curious,queer,strange 405
231．damage,destroy,ruin 406
232．damp,moist,wet 407
233．danger,hazard,peril,risk 409
234．dark,dim,gloomy 410
235．date,day 411
236．decide,determine,resolve,settle 412
237．decorate,furnish 413
238．decrease,diminish,reduce 414
239．deep,deeply 415
240．deep,profound 416
241．defect,fault,flaw 416
242．defective,deficient 417
243．defend,guard,protect,safeguard,shelter,shield 419
244．definite,definitive 422
245．delay,postpone,put off 423
246．delegate,representative 425
247．deliberately,on purpose 426
248．delicate,fine,slight,subtle 427
249．delusion,illusion,vision 429
250．depart,leave,part 431
251．depict,describe,portray 433
252．deprive,rob 435
253．descend,drop,fall 436
254．desirable,desirous 438
255．desire,long,lust,want,wish 440
256．desire,hope,wish 443
257．despair,disappoint,dismay 445
258．destined,doomed 447
259．destiny,doom,fate 447
260．different,variable,varied,various 449
261．diligent,hardworking,industrious 451
262．dim,faint,hazy,indistinct,obscure,vague 452
263．direct,directly 455
264．disagree,disapprove 456
265．disappear,fade,vanish 457
266．disinterested,uninterested 459
267．disperse,scatter,spread 460
268．distant,far,faraway,out-of-the-way,remote 461
269．distinct,distinctive 463
270．distress,misery,suffering 464
271．distrust,mistrust 466
272．divide,separate,split 467
273．doctor,general practitioner,physician,surgeon 468
274．door,gate 469
275．doubt,suspect 470
276．drag,draw,haul,pull 472
277．drawing,painting,picture,portrait 474
278．drill,exercise,practice,training 476
279．droppings,dung,excrement,manure,shit 478
280．drug,medicine 479
281．drunk,drunken 481
282．dull,dumb,foolish,retarded,silly,stupid 482
283．duty,obligation,responsibility 485
284．each,every 487
285．earth,globe,world 488
286．economic,economical,economics,economy 490
287．economical,frugal,thrifty 492
288．edition,impression 493
289．effective,efficient 494
290．elderly,old 495
291．elementary,primary 495
292．elevate,lift,raise 496
293．emancipate,free,liberate 497
294．emigrate,immigrate,migrate 498
295．emotion,feeling,passion,sensation,sense,sentiment 499
296．empty,vacant 501
297．enemy,foe 502
298．enlarge,expand,increase 503
299．entire,total,whole 505
300．envious,jealous 507
301．equip,furnish 508
302．error,fault,mistake 510
303．escape,flee,run away 512
304．especial,particular,peculiar,special 513
305．even,flat,level 516
306．evil,vicious 517
307．example,instance 518
308．excite,inspire,stimulate,stir(up) 520
309．excuse,forgive,pardon 522
310．excuse,pretext 523
311．exhausted,tired,weary 524
312．expand,extend,spread,stretch,swell 525
313．expansive,extensive 527
314．expect,hope,wish 528
315．experience,undergo 532
316．expose,lay bare,reveal 533
317．factory,manufacturer's,manufacturing,mill,plant,works 535
318．fair,market 537
319．fairly,pretty,quite,rather,very 538
320．faithful,trustful 540
321．fame,reputation 541
322．family,home,house,shelter 543
323．farmer,peasant 545
324．farther,further 546
325．fast,quick,rapid,speedy,swift 547
326．favourite,popular 549
327．feel,sense 550
328．fight,struggle 553
329．final,last 555
330．firm,secure,steady 556
331．fit,match,suit 558
332．fit,proper,suitable 561
333．flesh,meat 563
334．following,next 564
335．fond,like,love,prefer 566
336．force,might,power,strength 569
337．forceful,forcible 572
338．freedom,liberty 573
339．garbage,refuse,rubbish,trash,waste 575
340．gaze,glance,glimpse,peep 577
341．genius,gift,talent 580
342．gentle,mild,soft 581
343．glide,slide, 583
344．gold,golden 584
345．good at,good for,good to 586
346．graceful,gracious 587
347．grand,magnificent 588
348．grasp,grip,seize,snatch 589
349．grave,serious,solemn 591
350．gravel,pebble 593
351．grieve,lament,mourn 594
352．ground,land 596
353．happen,occur,take place 597
354．hardly,scarcely 600
355．haarm,hurt,injure,wound 601
356．have,own,possess 604
357．healthful,healthy,wholesome 605
358．hear,listen 607
359．heaven,sky 608
360．heredity,heritage,inheritance,legacy 609
361．high,tall 611
362．highway,road,thoroughfare,way 613
363．hire,lease,let,rent 614
364．historic,historical 615
365．holiday,vacation 616
366．hop,jump,leap,skip,spring 617
367．hot,warm 619
368．human,humane 621
369．human,human being,humanity,human race,mankind 623
370．humanism,humanitarianism 624
371．idle,lazy 625
372．ignore,neglect 627
373．ill,sick,unwell 628
374．imaginable,imaginary,imaginative 629
375．in a way,somewhat 631
376．in good order,in good repair,in good working order 632
377．indeed,really 633
378．individual,personal,private 635
379．induce,allure,tempt 637
380．inner,internal,inward 638
381．insist,persist 640
382．intense,intent,tense 642
383．interfere,interrupt,intervene 643
384．issue,problem,question 645
385．iob,work 647
386．join,participate,take part in 648
387．journey,tour,travel,trip,voyage 649
388．kind,kindly 652
389．labour,toil,work 653
390．lack,shortage 654
391．lane,path 655
392．latch,lock 656
393．lay,lie 657
394．lay,place,put 659
395．learn,study 660
396．likely,perhaps,possible,probable 662
397．line,row 665
398．little,small,tiny 666
399．locate,situate 668
400．look,see,watch 669
401．lose,miss 671
402．luxuriant,luxurious 672
403．malnutrition,undernourishment 673
404．material,matter,substance 674
405．mature,ripe 676
406．maxim,motto,proverb 677
407．means,method,way 678
408．memory,recall,recollection,remembrance,reminiscence 679
409．mischief,prank,trick 682
410．miserable,wretched 683
411．moderate,temperate 684
412．motion,move,movement 685
413．move,remove 686
414．much,very 687
415．nation,people,race 689
416．noise,sound,voice 690
417．object,objective 691
418．odd,peculiar,queer,strange 692
419．officer,official 693
420．open,unfold 694
421．opinion,view 695
422．outlive,survive 696
423．part,portion,section 697
424．pay,salary,wage 698
425．penalty,punishment 699
426．penetrate,pierce 700
427．piteous,pitiable,pitiful 701
428．pleasant,pleased,pleasing 702
429．point,tip 703
430．politician,statesman 704
431．precious,scarce,treasured,valuable 704
432．produce,product,production,productivity 706
433．propose,suggest 707
434．prosper,thrive 708
435．provide,supply 709
436．pupil,student 710
437．quake,quiver,shake,shiver,shudder,tremble 711
438．rebellion,revolt,riot,uprising 713
439．rebuke,reproach,reprove,scold 714
440．recover,restore 716
441．reform,remould,transform 717
442．regret,remorse,repentance 718
443．regretful,regrettable 719
444．relation,relative 719
445．release,relieve 720
446．rescue,save 722
447．resource,source 723
448．respectable,respected,respectful 724
449．rigid,severe,stern,strict 726
450．rock,stone 727
451．satisfactory,satisfied,satisfying 728
452．say,speak,talk,tell 729
453．scrape,scratch,scrub 731
454．seasonable,seasonal,seasoned 732
455．sensible,sensitive 733
456．sock,stocking 734
457．some time,sometime,sometimes 735
458．strain,stress,tension 736
459．strike,stroke 737
460．subject,theme,topic 738
461．submit,surrender,yield 740
462．take into account,take into consideration 741
463．task,work 742
464．till,until 743
465．tolerable,tolerant 744
466．torment,torture 745
467．triumph,victory 747
468．variance,variation,variety 748
469．worth,worthwhile,worthy 749
索引 751
主要参考书目 777