UNIT 6：SOCIAL PROBLEMS 307
Ⅰ POPULATION 307
1 Comic strip—warm-up 307
2 The great population debate 308
2.1 What Malthus says 308
2.2 What the Neo-Malthusians and the Anti-Malthusians say 308
2.3 Refuting an argument 312
3 Problems of population （1）：China 315
3.1 Prediction 315
3.2 Reading for specific information 315
3.3 Reading for organization＆language 315
3.4+ Writing a summary 315
3.5 Research 315
4 Problems of population （2）：other countries 317
4.1 Listening＆note-making 317
4.2 Population pyramids—information exchange 317
4.3 Reading 321
5 Population control 321
5.1 A report reading 321
5.2 An interview—interaction 323
5.3 A letter—writing 326
Ⅱ UNEMPLOYMENT 327
1 Warm-up 327
2 Unemployment in the 30s 327
3 Unemployment in the 80s 335
4 Unemployment in the future 336
Ⅲ SMOKING 347
1 Class survey 347
2 Dangers of smoking 348
2.1 TIMES article—reading 348
2.2 Radio phone-in—listening 349
3 War on smoking 352
3.1 Measures taken in Britain—reading 352
3.2 Curbs and counter-curbs—reading 353
3.3 Why isn’t smoking really being curbed？—reading＆speaking 356
3.4 How China stands—reading 359
3.5 Is China determined to curb smoking？—listening 360
3.6 Smoking control in China—writing 361
3.7 Debate 361
Ⅳ DRUGS 362
1 As a personal problem 362
1.1 Why take drugs？—listening 362
1.2 The effects 363
1.3 Rehabilitation—listening 364
1.4 Vocabulary gloss（1） 364
2 As a social problem 365
2.1 Skimming 365
2.2 Vocabulary gloss（2） 365
3 As an international problem 367
3.1 Reading 367
3.2 Discussion 367
TAPESCRIPT 369
UNIT 7：INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 377
Ⅰ INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 377
1 Groupings of nations—group work 377
2 The United Nations 379
2.1 The Charter of the UN 379
2.2 The organs of the UN 380
2.3 The role of the UN—listening 389
2.4 The crisis of the UN 390
Ⅱ THE ARMS RACE 399
1 What is the arms race—reading 399
2 The balance of power and deterrence—reading 399
3 The cold war—reading，listening，note-taking＆group work 401
3.1 Reading 403
3.2 Listening＆note-taking 403
4 The arms trade—reading， discussion＆listening 404
4.1 Suppliers and buyers—reading 404
4.2 Pair work 405
4.3 Risks—discussion 408
4.4 Listening 408
5 Nuclear proliferation—reading 410
6 Detente—reading＆writing 411
6.1 Reading 411
6.2 Pair work 412
6.3 Writing 413
7 Disarmament—reading，discussion＆listening 413
7.1 Reading 413
7.2 Discussion 414
7.3 Listening＆discussion 414
7.4 Radio speech：No nukes—listening＆writing 417
8 Discussion 417
Ⅲ INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS 420
1 Relations between nations 420
1.1 News—skimming 420
1.2 News broadcast—listening 424
2 China’s foreign policy 427
2.1 CONVERSATION 1—listening 427
2.2 Reading 427
2.3 Role-play 429
2.4 CONVERSATIONS 2＆3—listening 433
TAPESCRIPT 434
APPENDIX 444
UNIT 8：ECONOMICS AND TRADE 450
Ⅰ BACKGROUND 450
1 Business prospects 450
1.1 CONVERSATIONS 1—4：Talks about business prospects—listening 450
1.2 Writing 451
1.3 Labelling a graph 451
2 Identifying themes in news articles—reading 452
3 A list of contents—reading＆classifying 455
4+ Key vocabulary—language work 457
5 China’s policies for trade cooperation 457
5.1 Reading 457
5.2 Listening 460
5.3 Speaking 460
5.4 Language work 460
6 The industrial base in China 462
6.1 Crude oil—reading 462
6.2 Coal and steel—groupwork 463
6.3 Coal production in China—reading for specific information 468
6.4+ Steel production in China—writing 468
7 Describing graphs—reading＆writing 468
8 Light industry 470
8.1 Prediction 470
8.2 Listening for gist 470
8.3 Listening for details 470
8.4 Interpreting statistics 470
8.5+ Listening for language 471
8.6* Extension 471
9 Trade 473
9.1 Reading diagrams 473
9.2 Interpreting graphs 474
9.3 Reconstructing an interview 474
9.4 Role-play 475
10 The Seventh Five Year Plan 475
10.1 Reading＆information exchange 475
10.2 Development plans—giving talks 481
10.3 Interpreting graphs 481
Ⅱ SITUATIONS 482
1 Key vocabulary — language work 482
2 At the Trade Fair 482
2.1 DIALOGUE 1 — listening for gist＆specific information 482
2.2 Listening for language 483
2.3 Reading＆classifying 483
2.4 Role-play 484
2.5 Giving directions — role-play 488
3 Introductions 488
3.1 DIALOGUE 2 —listening for specific information 488
3.2+ Writing 489
3.3+ Listening for language 489
3.4 Role-play 489
4 Negotiation 490
4.1 Reading＆comparing 490
4.2 Classifying 492
4.3 DIALOGUE 3 — listening 493
4.4+ Language work 494
4.5 Negotiations — role-play 494
5 Orders and letters of confirmation 494
5.1 Reading for details 494
5.2 Reading for language 495
5.3+ Writing 496
5.4 A jumbled letter — reading 496
6 Setting up a deal 498
6.1 A letter of introduction — reading＆note-making 498
6.2+ Reading for language 499
6.3+ Writing 499
7 CONVERSATION 5：Introductions 501
7.1 Structure of Atlantis Garments Corp.— listening 501
7.2 Structure of Shanghai＆Suzhou Silk Co.— pairwork 501
8 CONVERSATION 6：The meeting 505
8.1 Listening for gist 505
8.2 Listening ＆note-making 505
8.3+ Listening for language 505
8.4+ Writing 506
9 Answering the telephone 507
9.1 Telephone messages—listening＆note-making 507
9.2 Discussion 507
9.3 Listening＆problem solving 508
9.4 Oral practice—pairwork 508
10 A quick briefing 508
10.1 Reading 508
10.2 Classifying—pairwork 509
10.3 DIALOGUE 4—listening 517
10.4 Role-play 517
11* Choosing the best medium of communication 517
11.1 Preparation 517
11.2 Discussion 518
11.3 Prewriting—pairwork 519
11.4+ Writing 519
TAPESCRIPT 520
UNIT 9：MYTHS AND RELIGIONS 533
Ⅰ MYTHS 533
1 Origins of myth—listening＆speaking 533
1.1 Pre-discussion 533
1.2 Listening 533
2 Creation of the universe 534
2.1 Pre-discussion 534
2.2 Biblical myth—reading 534
2.3 Chinese myth—reading 537
2.4 Greek myth+—reading 539
2.5 Comparing myths 541
2.6 Discussion 541
2.7 Writing a report 542
2.8 What the scientists say—listening 542
2.9 Discussion 543
3 Greek and Roman mythology 543
3.1 Introduction—reading 543
3.2 The Olympians—reading 546
3.3 Gods and goddesses—listening 549
3.4 More gods and goddesses—reading and interaction 554
3.5 Demigods and mortals—reading 562
3.6 Heroes—debate project 565
3.7 Classical mythology and the English language 565
4 Chinese myths and legends 568
4.1 How much do you know about Chinese mythology？—matching 568
4.2 Writing a caption 569
4.3 Talking about a painting 574
Ⅱ RELIGIONS 584
1 Monotheistic religions：Judaism，Christianity，Islam 584
1.1 INTERVIEW 1— listening 584
1.2 Prediction 584
1.3 Reading， note-taking and information exchange 586
1.4 Re-reading 589
1.5 Re-listening 589
1.6 INTERVIEW 2— listening 589
1.7 Discussion point — speaking 590
1.8 Follow-up 590
2 Indigenous religions of China 593
2.1 Prediction 593
2.2 Listening 593
2.3 Reading＆note-taking 593
3 Buddhism in China 595
3.1 General knowledge — discussion 595
3.2 Reading＆note-making 595
4 Present attitudes to religion in China 598
4.1 The offcial attitude — reading 598
4.2 The Constitution in practice — scanning 598
4.3 An interview with a bishop — listening 603
4.4 The controversy over China’s religious policy — writing 605
TAPESCRIPT 613
APPENDIX 623
UNIT 10：REVIEW 626
INTRODUCTION 626
STAGE 1：Planning 626
STAGE 2：Research 626
STAGE 3：Pooling research findings 627
STAGE 4：Preparing the different parts of the report 627
STAGE 5：Putting the report together 627
STAGE 6：Presenting the report 627
STAGE 7：Exhibition 627
SUGGESTED PLANS for the PROJECTS 628
PROJECT 1：SOCIAL PROBLEMS 628
PROJECT 2：INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 631
PROJECT 3：ECONOMICS AND TRADE 632
PROJECT 4：MYTHS AND RELIGIONS 633