1 Introduction to Programming 1
2 Basic Concepts 4
3 Problem Definition and Program Design 14
4 Data Structure 30
5 Writing the Program 38
6 Testing and Debugging 57
7 Documentation and Redesign 84
8 Computer Languages 117
9 A Programmable Calculator Program 126
10 A Program in BASIC 151
11 A Program in Z-80 Assembler 212
Appendix：BASIC Comparisons 266
Glossary 284
References 289
Software Sources 291
Index 300