CHAPTER Ⅰ IMPRESSIONS AND MATERIALS 21
Requirements of an Impression 21
Materials Necessary for Taking Impressions 22
Impression Technic 24
Upper Impression 24
Lower Impression 29
Salient Points of Technic 32
CHAPTER Ⅱ BOXING，POURING，AND SEPARATING IMPRESSIONS 33
Method A 33
Materials Necessary for Pouring and Boxing Impressions 33
Boxing the Impression 33
Method B 40
Materials Necessary for Pouring and Boxing 40
CHAPTER Ⅲ THE WORK MODEL 52
Boxing Pouring，and Separating the Work Model 53
Method A 53
Method B 55
Suggestions Relative to Impression Technic 55
General Suggestions 55
Care of Hands 56
Care of Trays 56
Care of Lead Strips 56
CHAPTER Ⅳ TRIMMING，FINISHING，AND DUPLICATING RECORD MODELS 57
Method A 58
Carving the Model 58
Method B 78
Finishing the Models 87
Duplicating Models 88
CHAPTER Ⅴ MATERIALS AND ACCESSORIES FOR APPLIANCE CONSTRUCTION 98
Materials 98
Materials－Their Requirements and Dimensions 101
Dimensions of Tubes 103
Essentials for Soldering and Appliance Construction 105
The Blowpipe 110
Flame Regulation 110
CHAPTER Ⅵ INSTRUMENTS 113
Operative Instruments 114
Incidentals 117
Laboratory Instruments 118
CHAPTER Ⅶ PRACTICAL SOLDERING EXERCISES 122
Exercise Ⅰ 122
Exercise Ⅱ 123
Exercise Ⅲ 123
Exercise Ⅳ 123
Exercise Ⅴ 123
Exercise Ⅵ 123
Exercise Ⅶ 123
Exercise Ⅷ 124
Exercise Ⅸ 124
Exercise Ⅹ 124
Exercise Ⅺ 125
CHAPTER Ⅷ SEPARATION 128
Separating Posterior Teeth 129
Separating Anterior Teeth 133
Removal of Separation 133
CHAPTER Ⅸ ANCHORAGE 134
Selection of Anchorage 134
Round Tubes 138
Half Round and Grooved Tubes 138
CHAPTER Ⅹ BAND CONSTRUCTION，TUBE PLACEMENT，BAND AND WORK MODEL 141
Classification and Definition 141
Types of Bands 141
Molar Band Construction 142
Seamed Band Construction，Method A 142
Half Round Tube Attachment 158
Seamless Band Construction，Method B 161
Indirect Band Technic 167
Lingual and Buccal Tubes 169
Prerequisites of Tube Placement 169
Determining Tube Pitch 171
Tube Clearance 171
Placing Half Round Tubes on Upper Molar Bands 172
Placing Half Round Tubes on Lower Molar Bands 173
Lingual and Buccal Tube Extensions 174
Translocating Bands to the Work Model 176
Round Tube Relation and Attachment to Molar Bands 186
Placing Round Tubes on Maxillary Molar Bands 187
Placing Round Tubes on Mandibular Molar Bands 188
Mechanistic Principles of Tube Placement 189
CHAPTER Ⅺ ATTACHMENT BANDS 191
Lap Band Construction 191
Pinch Bands 195
Attachment Band Auxiliaries 196
CHAPTER Ⅻ THE LINGUAL APPLIANCE 200
Lingual and Labial Appliance Foreword 200
The Lingual Appliance 205
Use 205
Requisites 207
Advantages 208
Relation 208
Planning the Lingual Appliance 212
Construction of the Lingual Appliance 213
Invariables and Variables 235
Repairing Lingual Appliances 236
Changing the Lingual Appliance 238
Placing Auxiliary Springs 239
Inserting the Lingual Appliance 249
CHAPTER ⅩⅢ THE LABIAL APPLIANCE 250
Uses 252
Requisites 254
Advantages 255
Relating 255
Types of Labial Appliances 258
Invariables and Variables 259
Planning the Labial Appliance 260
Constructing the Appliance 260
Repairing the Labial Appliance 273
Placing Auxiliary Attachments 273
Changing the Labial Appliance 274
Inserting the Labial Appliance 274
CHAPTER ⅩⅣ INTERMAXILLARY，INTRAMAXILLARY，INTERMANDIBULAR，AND INTRAMANDIBULAR HOOKS 276
Positional Divisions of Hooks 276
Divisions by Use 276
Length of Hooks 276
Wire Circumference 277
Hook Placing and Relation 277
CHAPTER ⅩⅤ THE OCCLUSAL GUIDE PLANE 286
Discussion 286
Definition 287
Purpose 287
Advantages 288
Requirements 289
Relation 289
Pitch and Depth of the Occlusal Guide Plane 291
General Uses 293
Series Use 297
Variables and Invariables of Use 300
Auxiliary Attachments 300
Step Construction 302
Summary Notations 317
CHAPTER ⅩⅥ INCISAL GUIDE PLANES AND THE OCCLUSAL CRIB 318
Introduction and Terminology 318
The Horizontal Mesio-incisal Guide Plane 318
Word Analysis 318
Definition 319
Use 319
Location 320
Materials Used 320
Relation 321
Prerequisites of Construction 322
Construction 322
The Horizontal Incisal Guide Plane 327
Definition 327
Uses 327
Location 328
Construction 329
Immediate Differences of Construction 329
The Occlusal Crib 335
Word Analysis 335
Uses 335
Advantages of Use 336
Location 336
Construction 337
CHAPTER ⅩⅦ DESCRIPTIVE DEFINITIONS OF TERMS IN CHAPTER ⅩⅧ 342
Introduction 342
Locating of Objects in General 342
Definitions of Positions 342
Location as to Point of Fastening 343
Descriptive Definitions of Forms 343
Examples of Term Use 345
Conclusion 345
CHAPTER ⅩⅧ AUXILIARY ATTACHMENTS 347
Introduction 347
Positional Grouping of Auxiliary Attachments 348
Location of Attachments 349
Types of Auxiliary Springs 350
Wire Sizes 351
Relation of Auxiliary Springs 352
Essentials of Auxiliary Spring Relation 352
Horizontal Auxiliary Springs 352
Perpendicular Auxiliary Springs 354
Inclined Auxiliary Springs 355
Constructing Auxiliary Attachments 355
Auxiliary Spring Uses 356
Uses of the Horizontal Group 357
Uses of the Perpendicular Group 357
Uses of the Inclined Group 357
Auxiliary Spring Force－Auxiliary Spring Attachments 404
CHAPTER ⅩⅨ USING THE LINGUAL APPLIANCE FOR SPACE MAINTENANCE 411
A Brief General Discussion of Space Retainers 415
＂Orthodontic Axioms＂ 415
References Consulted 416