PART ONE：1865 1
1 Andrew Johnson：The Case Reopened 3
2 A Democratic Society Emerges from Total War 15
Ⅰ Public Feeling：＂War Hatred＂versus＂Back to Normal＂ 15
Ⅱ ＂Symbolic Requirements＂ 21
3 The State of Parties，1865 42
Ⅰ The Republican Party and the Morality of the Civil War 42
Ⅱ Reconstruction as Construed from the Proclamations 48
Ⅲ The Radical Republican：The Meaning of＂Radicalism＂ 53
Ⅳ The Democrats and Reconstruction 67
Ⅴ The＂Moderate Unionist＂and Johnson＇s Southern＂Experiment＂ 76
4 Andrew Johnson，Outsider 85
5 Reconstruction as a Problem in Constitutional Theory 93
Ⅰ The＂Southern＂Theory 97
Ⅱ ＂Conquered Provinces＂ 99
Ⅲ The Presidential Theory 101
Ⅳ ＂State Suicide＂ 110
Ⅴ The Solution：Shellabarger＇s＂Forfeited Rights＂Theory 113
6 Reconstruction as a Problem in Policy 120
Ⅰ Ambiguities of Wartime Reconstruction 122
Ⅱ Johnson＇s Emergence from Military Governor to President 134
Ⅲ The Executive Pardoning Policy 142
7 Peace for the South 153
Ⅰ Pride and Submission in Defeat：The Balance 154
Ⅱ The President＇s Course as Seen by the President 158
Ⅲ Early Reconstruction as Seen in the Unionist North 175
Ⅳ The Requirements，as the South Saw and Understood Them 186
8 Massachusetts and South Carolina：An Imaginary Peacemaking 214
Ⅰ John Andrew，Intellectual 215
Ⅱ Wade Hampton，Aristocrat 238
PART TWO：1866 AND AFTER 251
9 Joint Committee on Reconstruction 253
Ⅰ December，1865：The First Assembling of the Postwar Government 253
Ⅱ Thaddeus Stevens：The Marginal Politician Comes into His Own 260
Ⅲ Mr．Republican：William Pitt Fessenden 269
10 Johnson＇s Break with the Party 274
Ⅰ First Phase，December 4，1865-February 23，1866：The Freedmen＇s Bureau Bill 274
Ⅱ Second Phase，February 23-April 6，1866：The Civil Rights Bill 298
11 The Fourteenth Amendment 326
Ⅰ The Nature of the Amendment-making Process 326
Ⅱ The First Trial Period：December 5，1865-March 27，1866 336
Ⅲ The Owen Plan and the Committee Plan 343
Ⅳ The Final Phase：May 1-June 13，1866 350
Ⅴ Aftermath and Consequences 355
12 Campaign Preparations 364
Ⅰ Economic Issues 367
Ⅱ Patronage 377
Ⅲ The National Union Movement 394
13 Johnson and the Election Campaign of 1866 421
Ⅰ The New Orleans Riot 422
Ⅱ ＂Swing around the Circle＂ 428
Ⅲ Press and Public 439
14 Military Reconstruction，1867 448
Ⅰ Prospects for a Moderate Settlement 449
Ⅱ Inception and Growth of a Radical Policy 455
Ⅲ The Democrats and the Strategy of＂Dead-Lock＂ 460
Ⅳ The South and＂Masterly Inactivity＂ 467
Ⅴ How the Reconstruction Acts Were Passed：December，1866，to March，1867 473
15 Afterthought：Why Impeachment？ 486
Ⅰ First Impeachment Effort：January-June，1867 491
Ⅱ Second Impeachment Effort：July-December，1867 494
Ⅲ Third Impeachment Effort：January-February，1868 499
Ⅳ The Final Effort：February 21-May 26，1868 504
Selected Bibliography，with Notes 511
Acknowledgments 523
Index 525