Chapter 1 Translation Theories 1
Study Questions 1
1.1 Translation Perspectives 1
1.2 The Three Core Concepts in the Foreign Translation Theories 1
1.3 Historical Division and Classification of Traditional Chinese Translation Theories 1
1.4 Paradigms of Chinese Translation Theories 2
1.5 The Future of Translation Studies 2
1.6 A Survey of Modern Translatology 2
1.7 Views on the Main Controversial Issues Concerning Translatology 2
1.8 The Nature of Translatology and Its Schemes 2
1.9 The Methodology of the Science of Translation 2
1.10 Translatability 3
Reader's Guide 4
1.1 Translation Perspectives 4
1.2 The three Core Concepts in the Foreign Translation Theories 4
1.3 Historical Division and Classification of Traditional Chinese Translation Theories 8
1.4 Paradigms of Chinese Translation Theories 12
1.5 The Future of Translation Studies 13
1.6 A Survey of Modern Translatology 15
1.7 Views on the Main Controversial Issues Concerning Translatology 16
1.8 The Nature of Translatology and Its Schemes 16
1.9 The Methodology of the Science of Translation 17
1.10 Translatability 20
Chapter 2 Translation Methodology 25
Study Questions 25
2.1 The Process of Translating 25
2.2 Craft of Translating 25
2.3 Textuality and Discourse Parameters 26
2.4 Stages of Transfer 26
2.5 Two Basic Modes of Translating 27
2.6 English-Chinese Translation 27
2.7 Chinese-English Translation 27
2.8 Translation of English Poetry into Chinese 27
2.9 Translation of Classical Chinese Poetry into English 27
Reader's Guide 28
2.1 The Process of Translating 28
2.2 Craft of Translating 28
2.3 Textuality and Discourse Parameters 32
2.4 Stages of Transfer 33
2.5 Two Basic Modes of Translating 34
2.6 English-Chinese Translation 34
2.7 Chinese-English Translation 38
2.8 Translation of English Poetry into Chinese 40
2.9 Translation of Classical Chinese Poetry into English 40
Chapter 3 Translation Criticism 42
Study Questions 42
3.1 Purposes of Translation Criticism 42
3.2 Procedures of Translation Criticism 42
3.3 Criteria of Translation Criticism 42
3.4 Object of Translation Criticism 42
3.5 The Outline of a Translation-critical Framework 42
3.6 Plan of Criticism and Marking a Translation 43
3.7 Error Analysis 43
Reader's Guide 44
3.1 Purposes of Translation Criticism 44
3.2 Procedures of Translation Criticism 44
3.3 Criteria of Translation Criticism 44
3.4 Object of Translation Criticism 45
3.5 The Outline of a Translation-critical Framework 45
3.6 Plan of Criticism and Marking a Translation 48
3.7 Error Analysis 49
Chapter 4 E-C Translation:Practice ＆ Criticism 54
4.1 Introduction:Main Problems Involved in E-C Translation 54
4.1.1 TEM8 Translation ＆ Criticism 56
TEM8（1997）英译汉试卷评析 56
TEM8（2002）英译汉试卷评析 60
4.1.2 Warm-up Exercises ＆ Criticism 70
（1）Action Bias 70
（2）Rural Life 70
（3）Presidential Campaign 71
（4）Family Reasons 71
（5）"American" ＆ "European" 72
（6）Death 73
（7）The Pleasure of Taking Pains 73
（8）Future-mindedness 74
4.2 E-C Contrastive Study ＆ Translation Criticism 74
4.2.1 Structural Transfer 74
4.2.1.1 Rules of Transfer 74
4.2.1.2 Methods of Transfer 76
4.2.2 Content Transfer 80
The Razor's Edge 80
David Copperfield 82
The Ture Artist 85
The Freedom of the Fly 86
How to Grow Old 88
My Average Uncle 92
A Visit to Walt Whitman 96
4.3 Discourse Analysis ＆ Translation Criticism 106
4.3.1 Novel 106
Far from the Madding Crowd 106
4.3.2 Poem 110
"Song" ＆ "The Long Voyage" 110
4.3.3 Practice ＆ Criticism 114
Our Pursuit of Happiness 114
The Treasure in Store at the Shore 117
A Season for Hymning and Hawing 120
Three Days to See 125
4.4 Literary Style ＆ Translation Criticism 134
4.4.1 Novel 134
Felicia's Journey 134
Tess of the d'Urbervilles 135
Jane Eyre 138
4.4.2 Essay 140
Doing Chores 140
Garibaldi in the Assembly 144
Altogether Autumn 146
Conversation 151
4.4.3 Letter 156
Letter to Lord Chesterfield 156
4.4.4 Address 160
Gettysburg Address 160
4.4.5 Drama 162
Hamlet 162
4.4.6 Poem 169
4.4.6.1 The Musical Effect of Poetry 169
Annabel Lee 169
4.4.6.2 Translation Methods ＆ Criticism 176
The Isles of Greece 176
A Psalm of Life 176
Exercises 181
4.4.6.3 Retranslation ＆ Criticism 184
Shakespeare's Sonnet No.18 184
Chapter 5 C-E Translation:Practice ＆ Criticism 186
5.1 Introduction:Main Problems Involved in C-E Translation 186
5.1.1 TEM8 Translation ＆ Criticism 188
TEM8（1996）汉译英试卷评析 188
TEM8（2002）汉译英试卷评析 191
5.1.2 Warm-up Exercises ＆ Criticism 197
（1）留学美国 197
（2）温哥华 197
（3）访问台湾 198
（4）博物馆 198
（5）黄河 198
（6）乔羽 199
（7）互生 199
（8）隔离 199
5.2 C-E Contrastive Study ＆ Translation Criticism 199
5.2.1 Paratactic vs.Hypotactic 199
天净沙·秋思 199
5.2.2 Diffusive vs.Compact 201
一个鸡蛋的家当 201
鸭巢围的夜 201
芙蓉镇 202
5.2.3 Topic-prominent vs.Subject-prominent 203
春风沉醉的晚上 203
5.2.4 Cohesive Devices 205
背影 205
5.2.5 Rhetorical Form 210
青春之歌 210
5.2.6 Semantic Structure 214
快餐的精神分析 214
5.2.7 Linguistic Aesthetics 219
艰难的国运与雄健的国民 219
醉翁亭记 221
5.2.8 Cultural Elements 223
可爱的南京 223
5.2.9 Translation Approaches 224
关于《红楼梦》 224
致蒋经国信 230
5.2.10 Back Translation 236
韩素音笔下的中国 236
不同文化里的情诗 239
5.3 Literary Style ＆ Translation Criticism 242
5.3.1 Novel 242
阿Q逞强（《阿Q正传》节选） 242
共读《西厢》（《红楼梦》节选） 244
孔乙己（《孔乙己》节选） 250
高松年（《围城》节选） 252
5.3.2 Essay 254
永远的憧憬和追求 254
旗袍旧事 257
看，这个丑陋的中国人 259
男人的进化 261
5.3.3 Poem 263
好了歌 263
送友人 267
静夜思 270
春晓 272
Bibliography 274