Part 1 Introduction 1
1.1 General Rules for the Organic Chemistry Lab 1
1.2 General Lab Safety 2
1.3 Disposal of Lab Waste 3
1.4 Common Lab Equipment and Apparatus 4
1.5 Drying and Drying Agent 12
1.6 Heating and Cooling 13
1.7 Experimental Record and Laboratory Report 14
1.8 Chemical Literature 15
Part 2 Basic Experimental Techniques 18
2.1 Melting Point 18
2.2 Recrystallization 22
2.3 Simple Distillation and Fractional Distillation 27
2.4 Steam Distillation 31
2.5 Vacuum Distillation 34
2.6 Solvent Extraction and Solution Washing 38
2.7 Sublimation 43
2.8 Refractive Index of Liquids 45
2.9 Optical Rotation 48
2.10 Chromatographic Techniques 50
2.11 Spectroscopic Identification of Organic Compound 63
Part 3 Experiments 73
3.1 Preparation of Cyclohexene 73
3.2 Preparation of n-Butyl Bromide 75
3.3 Preparation of Triphenylmethanol 78
3.4 Preparation of Dibutyl Ether 82
3.5 Preparation of Benzoic Acid and Benzyl Alcohol 85
3.6 Preparation of Cyclohexanone 88
3.7 Preparation of Adipic Acid 91
3.8 Preparation and Characterization of Cinnamic Acid 93
3.9 Preparation of Acetylsalicylic Acid(Aspirin) 96
3.10 Preparation of n-Butyl Acetate 98
3.11 Preparation of n-Dibutyl Phthalate 101
3.12 Preparation of Acetanilide 103
3.13 Isolation of Caffeine From Tea Leaves 107
3.14 Preparation of 2-Furanmethanol and 2-Furoic Acid 110
3.15 Preparation of 8-Quinolinol 113
Part 4 All-around Experiments 115
4.1 Synthesis and Characterization of Ethyl Acetate and Ethyl Acetoacetate 115
4.2 Synthesis of Sulfanilic Acid and Methyl Orange 120
4.3 Coenzyme Preparation and Characterization of Benzoin 125
4.4 Preparation and Characterization of Benzilic Acid 128
4.5 Microwave-Assisted Preparation and Characterization of 2-Substitutedphenylbenzoxazole 130
Part 5 Experiments from Literature 132
5.1 A Microscale Synthesis of the Diastereomers of 2,3-Dibromosuccinic Acid 132
5.2 A Grignard-like Organic Reaction in Water 134
5.3 An Efficient Microscale Procedure for the Synthesis of Aspirin 134
5.4 A Solvent-Free Claisen Condensation Reaction 135
5.5 The Preparation of a Fluorescent Dye:A Microscale TLC Experiment 135
5.6 Microwave Microscale Experiment——2-Naphthyl Acetate from 2-Naphthol 136
Part 6 Appendix 137
6.1 List of the Element with Their Symbols and Atomic Masses 137
6.2 Main Families of Organic Compounds 140
第一部分 有机化学实验的一般知识 141
1.1 有机化学实验的基本规则 141
1.2 有机化学实验的一般安全知识 141
1.3 有机化学实验废物的处置 142
1.4 常用的玻璃仪器和实验装置 143
1.5 干燥与干燥剂 144
1.6 加热与冷却 145
1.7 实验记录和实验报告 146
1.8 有机化学的文献资料 146
第二部分 基本操作 148
2.1 熔点的测定 148
2.2 重结晶 150
2.3 蒸馏与分馏 151
2.4 水蒸气蒸馏 153
2.5 减压蒸馏 154
2.6 萃取与洗涤 156
2.7 升华 158
2.8 液体化合物折光率的测定 158
2.9 旋光度的测定 160
2.10 色谱技术 161
2.11 有机化合物的光谱鉴定 166
第三部分 有机化合物的制备 172
3.1 环己烯的制备 172
3.2 1-溴丁烷的制备 173
3.3 三苯甲醇的制备 175
3.4 正丁醚的制备 178
3.5 苯甲酸和苯甲醇的制备 179
3.6 环己酮的制备 180
3.7 己二酸的制备 182
3.8 肉桂酸的制备及结构表征 183
3.9 乙酰水杨酸（阿司匹林）的制备 185
3.10 乙酸正丁酯的制备 186
3.11 邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯的制备 187
3.12 乙酰苯胺的制备 188
3.13 从茶叶中提取咖啡因 190
3.14 呋喃甲醇和呋喃甲酸的制备 192
3.15 8-羟基喹啉的制备 193
第四部分 综合性实验 196
4.1 乙酸乙酯和乙酰乙酸乙酯的制备和结构表征 196
4.2 对氨基苯磺酸和甲基橙的制备 198
4.3 辅酶催化安息香的制备及结构表征 201
4.4 二苯基乙醇酸的制备及结构表征 203
4.5 2-取代苯基苯并噁唑的微波法合成 205
第五部分 文献实验 206
5.1 非对映体的2,3-二溴琥珀酸的微量合成 206
5.2 在水相中进行的类似格利雅反应 207
5.3 微量法合成阿司匹林 207
5.4 无溶剂的Claisen缩合反应 208
5.5 一种荧光染料的制备：微量TLC实验 208
5.6 微波法微量实验：2-萘酚制备乙酸-2-萘酯 209
第六部分 附录 210
6.1 与化学有关的INTERNET网址 210
6.2 有机化学实验（上）操作考试复习题 211
6.3 有机化学实验（下）操作考试复习题 213