第一部分 基本句型概述 1
一、五大基本句型 1
1.主语+系动词+表语 1
2.主语+动词(+状语) 1
3.主语+动词+宾语 1
4.主语+动词+宾语+宾语 1
5.主语+动词+宾语+补足语 1
二、基本句型实例分析 2
1.主语+系动词+表语 2
2.主语+动词(+状语) 3
3.主语+动词+宾语 3
4.主语+动词+宾语+宾语 4
5.主语+动词+宾语+补足语 5
三、基本句型的转换与扩大 6
1.基本句型的转换 6
1)陈述句转换为疑问句 6
2)肯定句转换为否定句 6
3)主动句转换为被动句 7
2.基本句型的扩大 7
1)并列 7
2)从属 8
练习1 11
第二部分 词类句型 14
一、名词句型 14
(一)主谓一致句型 14
1.mathematics/politics,etc.(主语)+单/复数 动词(谓语) 14
2.means/series,etc.(主语)+单/复数动词(谓语) 14
3.police/cattle,etc.(主语)+复数动词(谓语) 15
4.furniture/equipment,etc.(主语)+单数动词(谓语) 15
5.audience/family,etc.(主语)+单/复数动词(谓语) 15
6.advice/news/information(主语)+单数动词(谓语) 16
7.a/the+单数名词+and a/the+单数名词+单/复数动词(谓语) 17
8.each/every,etc.+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词+单数动词(谓语) 18
9.or/either...or/neither...nor连接的并列主语+单/复数动词(谓语) 18
10.not only...but also连接的并列主语+单/复数动词(谓语) 19
11.单数名词(主语)+with/as well as,etc.+名词+单数动词(谓语) 19
12.more than one+名词(主语)+单数动词(谓语) 20
13.one in/out of+复数名词(主语)+单数动词(谓语) 20
14.a/the number of+复数名词(主语)+复/单数动词(谓语) 21
15.a lot/lots/plenty of+单/复数名词(主语)+单/复数动词(谓语) 21
16.a great amount/deal of+不可数名词(主语)+单数动词(谓语) 21
17.all/none/half/some,etc.+of+名词(主语)+单/复数动词(谓语) 22
18.分数/百分数+of+名词(主语)+单/复数动词(谓语) 22
19.a series/pile of+单/复数名词(主语)+单数动词(谓语) 23
20.three years/miles,etc.(主语)+单数动词(谓语) 23
21.两数相加/相乘(主语)+单/复数动词(谓语);两数相减/相除(主语)+单数动词(谓语) 24
22.名词化形容词(主语)+单/复数动词(谓语) 24
23.the English/Chinese,etc.(主语)+复数动词(谓语) 25
24.what从句(主语)+单/复数动词(谓语) 25
25.定语从句的主谓一致 26
(二)名词与介词的搭配句型 26
1.名词+介词 26
2.介词+名词 28
3.成语介词+名词 35
4.名词+by+名词 38
5.介词+the/a+名词+介词 39
6.其他短语 42
(三)修饰语+a/an+单数名词 44
1.so/too/how,etc.+形容词+a/an+名词 44
2.such/many/quite,etc.+a/an(+形容词)+名词 44
3.比较级形容词+a/an+名词 45
4.little/a little+不可数名词 45
5.few/a few+复数名词 46
(四)限定词+名词+双重所有格 46
1.a/two/some,etc.+名词+双重所有格 46
2.this/that,etc.+名词+双重所有格 47
练习2 48
二、动词句型 58
1.系动词+表语 58
2.系动词+形容词/分词+介词 58
3.其他系动词+表语 62
4.动词+介词 63
5.动词+副词(+宾语) 71
6.动词+副词+介词 79
7.动词+名词+介词 81
8.动词+名词 85
9.其他短语动词 87
练习3 88
三、主动—被动语态句型 95
1.主语+动词+宾语 95
2.主语+间接宾语+直接宾语 96
3.主语+短语动词+宾语 96
4.主语+动词+宾语+补足语 98
5.主语+动词+宾语从句 100
6.半助动词+(不带to的)不定式+宾语 101
练习4 103
四、虚拟语气句型 106
1.If+主语+过去式,主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形 106
2.If+主语+过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形,主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形 107
3.If+主语+had+过去分词,主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词 107
4.If+主语+had+过去分词,主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形 108
5.but for,etc....,主语+动词虚拟式 108
6.If(only)+主语+动词虚拟式 109
7.Should/Were/Had+主语...,结果主句 109
8.wish+宾语从句 110
9.would/would rather/sooner+宾语从句 110
10.suggest,etc.+宾语从句 110
11.suggestion,etc.+表语/同位语从句 111
12.It is/was suggested,etc.+that从句 111
13.It is/was+necessary/advisable,etc.+that从句 112
14.as if/as though+从句 112
15.lest/for fear that/in case+从句 113
16.(so)that/in order that+从句 114
练习5 114
五、比较句型 118
1.as+形容词/副词+as 118
2.not so/as...as 118
3.as much(...)as 119
4.not so much...as 119
5.as many(...)as 119
6.A is three times as...as B 119
7.A is three times the size of B 120
8.the same(...)as/that 120
9.such...as/that 120
10.as good as 121
11.as well as 121
12.more...than;-er than 122
13.less...than 122
14.比较级+than any other+名词+比较范围 123
15.not less(...)than;no less(...)than 124
16.superior/senior,etc.to 124
17.A is...times+比较级+than 124
18.not more...than;no more...than 125
19.more than+形容词/副词/动词 125
20.more than+主语+can+动词 125
21.the more...,the more 125
22.more and more 126
23.less and less 126
24.the(+序数词)+最高级(+名词)+比较范围 126
25.the+比较级/最高级+of 127
26.one of the+最高级+复数名词+比较范围 127
练习6 128
六、不定式句型 131
1.半助动词+动词原形 131
2.be able to/can+动词原形 132
3.be going to+动词原形 132
4.be to+动词原形 133
5.have to/must+动词原形 135
6.used to/would+动词原形 135
7.不定式(主语)+动词 136
8.系动词+不定式(表语) 137
9.名词/代词+不定式(定语) 137
10.动词+不定式(宾语) 139
11.动词+宾语+不定式(补足语) 139
12.make/have,etc.+宾语+动词原形(补足语) 139
13.see/hear,etc.+宾语+动词原形(补足语) 140
14.系动词+形容词+不定式(状语) 140
15.动词/系动词+表语+不定式(表原因) 142
16.动词(+名词)+不定式(表目的) 143
17.in order to+动词原形 143
18.so as to+动词原形 143
19.动词(+名词)+不定式(表条件) 143
20.动词(+名词)+不定式(表结果) 144
21.too+形容词/副词+不定式 144
22.not/never/only,etc.+too+形容词/副词+不定式 144
23.too ready/eager/willing,etc.+不定式 144
24.enough to+动词原形 145
25.so+形容词/副词+as to+动词原形 145
26.such(+名词)+as to+动词原形 146
27.for+名词/代词+不定式 146
28.疑问词+不定式 146
29.Why+动词原形 147
30.but/except+(to+)动词原形 148
31.can not but/can not help/choose but+动词原形 148
练习7 149
七、动名词句型 154
1.动名词(主语)+(系)动词+(表语)宾语 154
2.系动词+动名词(表语) 155
3.动名词(定语)+名词 156
4.动词+动名词(宾语) 156
5.advise,etc.+动名词/名词+不定式 157
6.begin/start,etc.+动名词/不定式 157
7.need/require,etc.+动名词/不定式(被动式) 158
8.be worth+动名词;be worthy of+动名词被动式/不定式被动式 159
9.try/mean/can't help+动名词/不定式 159
10.remember/forget/regret+动名词/不定式 160
11.stop/leave off/quit+动名词/不定式 160
12.go on+动名词/不定式 160
13.介词+动名词 161
14.所有格/物主代词+动名词 163
练习8 165
八、分词句型 168
1.系动词+现在/过去分词(表语) 168
2.be+过去分词(表语) 169
3.现在分词/过去分词+名词;名词+分词(短语)(定语) 169
4.动词+宾语+现在分词(补足语) 170
5.动词+宾语+过去分词(补足语) 171
6.have+宾语+过去分词 172
7.want/wish,etc.+(to be+)过去分词 172
8.分词状语(表时间) 172
9.分词状语(表原因) 173
10.分词状语(表条件) 173
11.分词状语(表让步) 174
12.分词状语(表伴随情况) 174
13.独立结构句型 175
14.名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词等 176
15.独立结构状语(表时间) 176
16.独立结构状语(表原因) 177
17.独立结构状语(表条件) 177
18.独立结构状语(表伴随情况) 177
19.独立结构同位语 177
20.with+独立结构 178
21.without+独立结构 179
练习9 179
九、it句型 184
1.It is(about/high)time+(that)从句 184
2.It is time(for sb.)to do sth 184
3.It's time for(doing)sth 184
4.It is/was the first/second time,etc.+(that)从句 185
5.It is+年/月+since从句 186
6.It is like sb.to do sth 186
7.It is+形容词+for/of sb.to do sth 186
8.It+系动词+表语+不定式(主语) 187
9.It+动词(+宾语)+不定式(主语) 188
10.It takes+时间/金钱等+不定式(主语) 188
11.It is no use/no good,etc.+动名词(主语) 189
12.It is+形容词+that从句 190
13.It is+名词词组+that从句 190
14.It is said/believed,etc.+that从句 190
15.It seems/happens,etc.+that从句 191
16.It is+形容词/分词/名词词组+wh-疑问从句 191
17.It doesn't matter,etc.+wh-疑问从句 192
18.动词+it+补足语+不定式(宾语) 193
19.动词+it+补足语+动名词 193
20.动词+it+补足语+that从句 193
21.It is+被强调部分+that/who从句 194
22.It/That goes without saying 196
练习10 196
十、there be句型 199
1.There is/are+名词+地点状语 199
2.There can/must,etc.+be 200
3.There+半助动词+be 201
4.There live/come,etc 201
5.There be/have 202
6.There/Here come+名词;There/Here+代词+come 203
7.There is no time to do sth 204
8.There is no need to do/of(doing)sth 204
9.There is no+动名词 204
10.There is no+名词+in doing sth 205
11.there to be 205
12.there being 206
练习11 206
第三部分 句子类型句型 209
一、祈使句句型 209
1.动词原形+其他 209
2.Do+动词原形+其他 209
3.Don't+动词原形+其他 209
4.Never+动词原形+其他 209
5.名词/形容词/副词(+please) 209
6.副词+介词+宾语 210
7.You+动词原形+其他 210
8.祈使句,and/or+分句 210
9.Let's+动词原形+其他 211
10.Let us+动词原形(+其他) 211
练习12 212
二、疑问句句型 213
(一)一般疑问句句型 213
1.Have/Has+主语(+a/an)+名词? 213
2.Be+主语+其他? 214
3.Can/May/Must,etc.+主语+动词原形+其他? 214
4.Used+主语+to+动词原形+其他? 215
5.Dare+主语+动词原形+其他? 215
6.Be+there+名词+其他? 215
7.Don't+主语+动词原形+其他? 216
8.Do you have any+名词+其他? 217
(二)特殊疑问句句型 217
1.疑问词+陈述句语序? 217
2.疑问词+一般疑问句语序? 217
3.Why+一般疑问句否定式? 218
(三)反意疑问句句型 218
1.主语+be/have/情态动词...,简短疑问句? 218
2.主语+行为动词/系动词look,etc...,简短疑问句? 219
3.主语+have/has/had to...,简短疑问句? 219
4.主语+used to...,简短疑问句? 219
5.主语+ought to...,简短疑问句? 219
6.主语+dare/need...,简短疑问句? 219
7.主语+must be doing...,简短疑问句? 220
8.主语+must have done...,简短疑问句? 220
9.I don't think/believe,etc.+(that)宾语从句,简短疑问句? 220
10.Everyone/No one,etc.(主语)+动词...,简短疑问句? 221
11.感叹句,否定简短疑问句? 221
12.祈使句,will/won't you? 221
13.Let's+动词原形...,shall we? 222
14.肯定陈述句,肯定简短疑问句? 222
(四)选择疑问句句型 222
1.一般疑问句+or+一般疑问句? 222
2.一般疑问句+or+供选择部分? 223
3.特殊疑问句,A or B? 223
练习13 223
三、否定句句型 229
1.情态动词/助动词+not+动词原形+其他 229
2.do/does/did not+动词原形+其他 229
3.否定意义副词+动词+其他 230
4.all/both/every,etc.用于否定结构 230
5.none/no/neither,etc.用于肯定结构 230
6.not...+名词A+and+名词B 231
7.too+形容词/副词+to+动词原形 232
8.cannot+动词+too+形容词/副词 232
9.never/not...without 232
10.no one/none/nobody,etc.+but 232
11.cannot help+名词/动名词 233
练习14 233
四、感叹句句型 235
1.What+a/an+形容词+名词+其他! 236
2.What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+其他! 236
3.How+形容词+主语+系动词+其他! 236
4.How+副词+主语+谓语动词+其他! 236
5.How+形容词+a/an+名词+主语+系动词+其他! 236
五、倒装句句型 237
1.Here/There/Up,etc.+不及物动词+主语 237
2.介词短语(地点状语)+不及物动词+主语 237
3.形容词+系动词+主语 237
4.过去分词+系动词+主语 238
5.直接引语+said/asked,etc.+主语 238
6.Had+主语+过去分词+其他,主语+wouldhave+过去分词+其他 238
7.Only+状语+部分倒装结构 238
8.Never/No/Not/Seldom,etc.+部分倒装结构 239
9.Not until+状语+部分倒装结构 239
10.No sooner had+主语+过去分词+than+从句 239
11.Not only+部分倒装结构+but also+分句 239
12.So+部分倒装结构+that从句 240
13.May you+动词原形+其他! 240
六、省略句句型 240
1.省略不定式to后面重复的部分 240
2.省略介词in的结构 241
3.时间短语中介词的省略 241
4.such/the same...as+省略句 241
5.when/if/though,etc.从句的省略 241
6.祈使句/感叹句中的省略 242
7.the+比较级...,the+比较级 242
练习15 242
七、交际用语句型 248
(一)与某人打招呼 248
1.Morning/Afternoon/Evening! 248
2.Hi/Hello! 248
3.Pleased/Nice,etc.to meet/see you! 248
4.This is a pleasant surprise! 248
5.Haven't seen you for ages 249
6.How are things with you? 249
(二)谈话的开场白 249
1.It's sunny,isn't it? 249
2.Excuse me,(but+)疑问句? 250
3.Sorry to...+疑问句? 250
(三)结束谈话 251
1.I'd better be going/off,I think 251
2.I'm afraid I have to be going/off now 251
3.It's about time I was going,I'm afraid 251
4.It's time for us to say goodbye 251
(四)表示谢意 251
1.Thank you./Thanks to you 251
2.Thanks/Thank you for 251
3.I can never thank you enough 251
4.I'm extremely grateful to you 252
(五)对感谢的反应 252
1.Thank you 252
2.At your service 252
3.No bother/trouble at all 252
4.Don't mention it 252
5.It's a pleasure 252
6.That's all right/OK 253
(六)道歉 253
1.Excuse me for 253
2.I'm sorry to 253
3.I'm(terribly)sorry about 253
4.Pardon me for 253
5.I(do)apologize about 254
(七)回答别人的道歉 254
1.It doesn't matter at all 254
2.Please don't worry about that 254
3.Please don't feel bad about it 254
4.Well,it's happened to me 254
5.Forget it 254
6.No harm 254
(八)提出请求 255
1.Would/Could/Will you...? 255
2.Shall/Could/May I...? 255
3.Do me the favour to 255
4.I wonder if/whether+从句 255
5.Would you mind doing sth.? 256
6.Do/Would you mind if I...? 256
7.May I have the honor/pleasure of...? 257
(九)对请求的回答 257
1.Certainly/OK/Sure/Of course 257
2.I'd love to/I'd be glad to 257
3.With(great)pleasure 257
4.I'm sorry,but 258
5.I'd like to,but 258
6.I'm afraid not./I'm afraid that 258
(十)请求指点 258
1.Could you give me some advice on how...? 258
2.What do you think I should do about/with...? 258
3.What would you do if you were...? 259
4.I would appreciate your advice 259
(十一)劝某人(不)做某事 259
1.I advise you(not)to 259
2.I think/suppose you ought to/you'd better 259
3.My advice/suggestion is that+从句 260
4.祈使句,and/or+陈述句 260
(十二)一般情况下的祝愿 260
1.All the best with sb 260
2.All the best in 260
3.Every success with sb.(in sth.) 260
4.I hope everything goes well 261
5.I hope you 261
6.May you...! 261
7.I wish sb.+名词/形容词 261
8.Please give sb.my best wishes 261
9.Please remember me to sb 261
(十三)特殊场合的祝愿 262
1.A happy/merry+节庆日名称 262
2.May I'wish you+节庆日名称 262
(十四)祝酒 262
1.Here's to you 262
2.To your health/success 262
3.Let's drink to 263
4.I'd like to propose a toast to 263
(十五)介绍 263
1.This is sb 263
2.It's with great pleasure that I introduce sb.to you 263
3.Allow me to introduce myself(to you) 264
(十六)邀请 264
1.Shall we...? 264
2.Would you...? 264
3.What/How about...? 265
(十七)接受邀请 265
1.Thank you.I'd like to very much 265
2.I'd like nothing better 265
3.That would be very nice 265
4.With pleasure 265
(十八)谢绝邀请 266
1.I wish I could,but 266
2.I'm afraid I can't 266
3.Thank you for asking me,but 266
(十九)提议帮某人做某事 266
1.Can/Could I help you with sth.? 266
2.Is there anything I can do for you? 266
3.Can I help you? 267
(二十)接受或谢绝提供的帮助 267
1.That's nice/kind of you,thanks 267
2.Cheers/Great/Lovely! 267
3.Please don't trouble about it 267
4.Thank you for offering,but I can manage 268
(二十一)征求某人的意见 268
1.How do you like/find...? 268
2.What do you feel/think about...? 268
3.What's your opinion/view of...? 268
(二十二)表示你的意见 269
1.As far as I'm concerned, 269
2.In my opinion/view, 269
3.I think/suppose(that) 269
4.To my mind, 269
5.Personally,I feel/think 270
6.I couldn't say,I'm afraid 270
7.It all depends 270
8.I prefer+名词/代词/动名词+to+名词/代词/动名词 270
练习16 271
第四部分 并列与从属句型 278
一、并列句型 278
1.and的并列句型 278
2.or的并列句型 279
3.but的并列句型 279
4.so的并列句型 279
5.for的并列句型 280
6.while的并列句型 280
7.both...and 280
8.not only...but(also) 281
9.either...or 281
10.neither...nor 281
11.not...but 282
12....as well as 282
练习17 282
二、名词性从句句型 285
(一)主语从句句型 285
1.that+从句(主语) 285
2.whether+从句(主语) 286
3.what/who,etc.+从句(主语) 286
4.where/how,etc.+从句(主语) 286
(二)宾语从句句型 287
1.that+从句(宾语) 287
2.whether/if+从句(宾语) 288
3.who/what,etc.+从句(宾语) 288
4.when/how,etc.+从句(宾语) 289
(三)表语从句句型 289
1.that+从句(表语) 289
2.whether+从句(表语) 290
3.as if/as though+从句(表语) 290
4.because+从句(表语) 290
5.who/what,etc.+从句(表语) 290
6.when/where,etc.+从句(表语) 291
(四)同位语从句句型 291
1.名词+that从句(同位语) 291
2.名词+whether从句(同位语) 292
3.名词+when/where.etc.+从句(同位语) 292
4.namely/that is,etc.+从句(同位语) 292
练习18 293
三、状语从句句型 296
1.as/when/while,etc.+从句(表时间) 296
2.where/wherever+从句(表地点) 300
3.as/as if/as though,etc.+从句(表方式) 300
4.because/since/as/for+从句(表原因) 301
5.so that/in order that,etc.+从句(表目的) 302
6.so...that/such...that+从句(表结果) 302
7.if/unless/as long as,etc.+从句(表条件) 303
8.though/although/even if,etc.+从句(表让步) 304
9.as...as.../the same...as...,etc.+从句(表比较) 306
练习19 307
四、定语从句句型 310
1.that+从句(定语) 310
2.which+从句(定语) 311
3.who+从句(定语) 312
4.whom+从句(定语) 312
5.whose+从句(定语) 312
6.such...as+从句(定语) 313
7.the same...as+从句(定语) 314
8.as+从句(定语) 314
9.when+从句(定语) 314
10.where+从句(定语) 315
11.why+从句(定语) 316
12.介词+关系代词+从句(定语) 316
练习20 317
参考答案 322