PART 1 INTRODUCTION 1
Chapter 1 Power Electronic Systems 3
1-1 Introduction 3
1-2 Power Electronics versus Linear Electronics 4
1-3 Scope and Applications 7
1-4 Classification of Power Processors and Converters 9
1-5 About the Text 12
1-6 Interdisciplinary Nature of Power Electronics 13
1-7 Convention of Symbols Used 14
Problems 14
References 15
Chapter 2 Overview of Power Semiconductor Switches 16
2-1 Introduction 16
2-2 Diodes 16
2-3 Thyristors 18
2-4 Desired Characteristics in Controllable Switches 20
2-5 Bipolar Junction Transistors and Monolithic Darlingtons 24
2-6 Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors 25
2-7 Gate-Turn-Off Thyristors 26
2-8 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors 27
2-9 MOS-Controlled Thyristors 29
2-10 Comparison of Controllable Switches 29
2-11 Drive and Snubber Circuits 30
2-12 Justification for Using Idealized Device Characteristics 31
Summary 32
Problems 32
References 32
Chapter 3 Review of Basic Electrical and Magnetic Circuit Concepts 33
3-1 Introduction 33
3-2 Electric Circuits 33
3-3 Magnetic Circuits 46
Summary 57
Problems 58
References 60
Chapter 4 Computer Simulation of Power Electronic Converters and Systems 61
4-1 Introduction 61
4-2 Challenges in Computer Simulation 62
4-3 Simulation Process 62
4-4 Mechanics of Simulation 64
4-5 Solution Techniques for Time-Domain Analysis 65
4-6 Widely Used，Circuit-Oriented Simulators 69
4-7 Equation Solvers 72
Summary 74
Problems 74
References 75
PART 2 GENERIC POWER ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS 77
Chapter 5 Line-Frequency Diode Rectifiers：Line-Frequency ac→Uncontrolled dc 79
5-1 Introduction 79
5-2 Basic Rectifier Concepts 80
5-3 Single-Phase Diode Bridge Rectifiers 82
5-4 Voltage-Doubler （Single-Phase） Rectifiers 100
5-5 Effect of Single-Phase Rectifiers on Neutral Currents in Three-Phase，Four-Wire Systems 101
5-6 Three-Phase，Full-Bridge Rectifiers 103
5-7 Comparison of Single-Phase and Three-Phase Rectifiers 112
5-8 Inrush Current and Overvoltages at Turn-On 112
5-9 Concerns and Remedies for Line-Current Harmonics and Low Power Factor 113
Summary 113
Problems 114
References 116
Appendix 117
Chapter 6 Line-Frequency Phase-Controlled Rectifiers and Inverters：Line-Frequency ac←→ Controlled dc6-1 Introduction 121
6-2 Thyristor Circuits and Their Control 122
6-3 Single-Phase Converters 126
6-4 Three-Phase Converters 138
6-5 Other Three-Phase Converters 153
Summary 153
Problems 154
References 157
Appendix 158
Chapter 7 dc-dc Switch-Mode Converters7-1 Introduction 161
7-2 Control of dc-dc Converters 162
7-3 Step-Down （Buck） Converter 164
7-4 Step-Up （Boost） Converter 172
7-5 Buck-Boost Converter 178
7-6 Cuk dc-dc Converter 184
7-7 Full Bridge dc-dc Converter 188
7-8 dc-dc Converter Comparison 195
Summary 196
Problems 197
References 199
Chapter 8 Switch-Mode dc-ac Inverters：dc←→Sinusoidal ac 200
8-1 Introduction 200
8-2 Basic Concepts of Switch-Mode Inverters 202
8-3 Single-Phase Inverters 211
8-4 Three-Phase Inverters 225
8-5 Effect of Blanking Time on Output Voltage in PWM Inverters 236
8-6 Other Inverter Switching Schemes 239
8-7 Rectifier Mode of Operation 243
Summary 244
Problems 246
References 248
Chapter 9 Resonant Converters：Zero-Voltage and/or Zero-Current Switchings 249
9-1 Introduction 249
9-2 Classification of Resonant Converters 252
9-3 Basic Resonant Circuit Concepts 253
9-4 Load-Resonant Converters 258
9-5 Resonant-Switch Converters 273
9-6 Zero-Voltage-Switching，Clamped-Voltage Topologies 280
9-7 Resonant-dc-Link Inverters with Zero-Voltage Switchings 287
9-8 High-Frequency-Link Integral-Half-Cycle Converters 289
Summary 291
Problems 291
References 295
PART 3 POWER SUPPLY APPLICATIONS 299
Chapter 10 Switching dc Power Supplies 301
10-1 Introduction 301
10-2 Linear Power Supplies 301
10-3 Overview of Switching Power Supplies 302
10-4 dc-dc Converters with Electrical Isolation 304
10-5 Control of Switch-Mode dc Power Supplies 322
10-6 Power Supply Protection 341
10-7 Electrical Isolation in the Feedback Loop 344
10-8 Designing to Meet the Power Supply Specifications 346
Summary 349
Problems 349
References 351
Chapter 11 Power Conditioners and Uninterruptible Power Supplies 354
11-1 Introduction 354
11-2 Power Line Disturbances 354
11-3 Power Conditioners 357
11-4 Uninterruptible Power Supplies （UPSs） 358
Summary 363
Problems 363
References 364
PART 4 MOTOR DRIVE APPLICATIONS 365
Chapter 12 Introduction to Motor Drives 367
12-1 Introduction 367
12-2 Criteria for Selecting Drive Components 368
Summary 375
Problems 376
References 376
Chapter 13 dc Motor Drives 377
13-1 Introduction 377
13-2 Equivalent Circuit of dc Motors 377
13-3 Permanent-Magnet dc Motors 380
13-4 dc Motors with a Separately Excited Field Winding 381
13-5 Effect of Armature Current Waveform 382
13-6 dc Servo Drives 383
13-7 Adjustable-Speed dc Drives 391
Summary 396
Problems 396
References 398
Chapter 14 Induction Motor Drives 399
14-1 Introduction 399
14-2 Basic Principles of Induction Motor Operation 400
14-3 Induction Motor Characteristics at Rated （Line） Frequency and Rated Voltage 405
14-4 Speed Control by Varying Stator Frequency and Voltage 406
14-5 Impact of Nonsinusoidal Excitation on Induction Motors 415
14-6 Variable-Frequency Converter Classifications 418
14-7 Variable-Frequency PWM-VSI Drives 419
14-8 Variable-Frequency Square-Wave VSI Drives 425
14-9 Variable-Frequency CSI Drives 426
14-10 Comparison of Variable-Frequency Drives 427
14-11 Line-Frequency Variable-Voltage Drives 428
14-12 Reduced Voltage Starting （“Soft Start”） of Induction Motors 430
14-13 Speed Control by Static Slip Power Recovery 431
Summary 432
Problems 433
References 434
Chapter 15 Synchronous Motor Drives 435
15-1 Introduction 435
15-2 Basic Principles of Synchronous Motor Operation 435
15-3 Synchronous Servomotor Drives with Sinusoidal Waveforms 439
15-4 Synchronous Servomotor Drives with Trapezoidal Waveforms 440
15-5 Load-Commutated Inverter Drives 442
15-6 Cycloconverters 445
Summary 445
Problems 446
References 447
PART 5 OTHER APPLICATIONS 449
Chapter 16 Residential and Industrial Applications 451
16-1 Introduction 451
16-2 Residential Applications 451
16-3 Industrial Applications 455
Summary 459
Problems 459
References 459
Chapter 17 Electric Utility Applications 460
17-1 Introduction 460
17-2 High-voltage dc Transmission 460
17-3 Static var Compensators 471
17-4 Interconnection of Renewable Energy Sources and Energy Storage Systems to the Utility Grid 475
17-5 Active Filters 480
Summary 480
Problems 481
References 482
Chapter 18 Optimizing the Utility Interface with Power Electronic Systems 483
18-1 Introduction 483
18-2 Generation of Current Harmonics 484
18-3 Current Harmonics and Power Factor 485
18-4 Harmonic Standards and Recommended Practices 485
18-5 Need for Improved Utility Interface 487
18-6 Improved Single-Phase Utility Interface 488
18-7 Improved Three-Phase Utility Interface 498
18-8 Electromagnetic Interference 500
Summary 502
Problems 503
References 503
PART 6 SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES 505
Chapter 19 Basic Semiconductor Physics 507
19-1 Introduction 507
19-2 Conduction Processes in Semiconductors 507
19-3 pn Junctions 513
19-4 Charge Control Description of pn-Junction Operation 518
19-5 Avalanche Breakdown 520
Summary 522
Problems 522
References 523
Chapter 20 Power Diodes 524
20-1 Introduction 524
20-2 Basic Structure and I-V Characteristics 524
20-3 Breakdown Voltage Considerations 526
20-4 On-State Losses 531
20-5 Switching Characteristics 535
20-6 Schottky Diodes 539
Summary 543
Problems 543
References 545
Chapter 21 Bipolar Junction Transistors 546
21-1 Introduction 546
21-2 Vertical Power Transistor Structures 546
21-3 I-V Characteristics 548
21-4 Physics of BJT Operation 550
21-5 Switching Characteristics 556
21-6 Breakdown Voltages 562
21-7 Second Breakdown 563
21-8 On-State Losses 565
21-9 Safe Operating Areas 567
Summary 568
Problems 569
References 570
Chapter 22 Power MOSFETs 571
22-1 Introduction 571
22-2 Basic Structure 571
22-3 I-V Characteristics 574
22-4 Physics of Device Operation 576
22-5 Switching Characteristics 581
22-6 Operating Limitations and Safe Operating Areas 587
Summary 593
Problems 594
References 595
Chapter 23 Thyristors 596
23-1 Introduction 596
23-2 Basic Structure 596
23-3 I-V Characteristics 597
23-4 Physics of Device Operation 599
23-5 Switching Characteristics 603
23-6 Methods of Improving di/dt and dv/dt Ratings 608
Summary 610
Problems 611
References 612
Chapter 24 Gate Turn-Off Thyristors 613
24-1 Introduction 613
24-2 Basic Structure and I-V Characteristics 613
24-3 Physics of Turn-Off Operation 614
24-4 GTO Switching Characteristics 616
24-5 Overcurrent Protection of GTOs 623
Summary 624
Problems 624
References 625
Chapter 25 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors 626
25-1 Introduction 626
25-2 Basic Structure 626
25-3 I-V Characteristics 628
25-4 Physics of Device Operation 629
25-5 Latchup in IGBTs 631
25-6 Switching Characteristics 634
25-7 Device Limits and SOAs 637
Summary 639
Problems 639
References 640
Chapter 26 Emerging Devices and Circuits 641
26-1 Introduction 641
26-2 Power Junction Field Effect Transistors 641
26-3 Field-Controlled Thyristor 646
26-4 JFET Based Devices versus Other Power Devices 648
26-5 MOS-Controlled Thyristors 649
26-6 Power Integrated Circuits 656
26-7 New Semiconductor Materials for Power Devices 661
Summary 664
Problems 665
References 666
PART 7 PRACTICAL CONVERTER DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 667
Chapter 27 Snubber Circuits 669
27-1 Function and Types of Snubber Circuits 669
27-2 Diode Snubbers 670
27-3 Snubber Circuits for Thyristors 678
27-4 Need for Snubbers with Transistors 680
27-5 Turn-Off Snubber 682
27-6 Overvoltage Snubber 686
27-7 Turn-On Snubber 688
27-8 Snubbers for Bridge Circuit Configurations 691
27-9 GTO Snubber Considerations 692
Summary 693
Problems 694
References 695
Chapter 28 Gate and Base Drive Circuits 696
28-1 Preliminary Design Considerations 696
28-2 dc-Coupled Drive Circuits 697
28-3 Electrically Isolated Drive Circuits 703
28-4 Cascode-Connected Drive Circuits 710
28-5 Thyristor Drive Circuits 712
28-6 Power Device Protection in Drive Circuits 717
28-7 Circuit Layout Considerations 722
Summary 728
Problems 729
References 729
Chapter 29 Component Temperature Control and Heat Sinks 730
29-1 Control of Semiconductor Device Temperatures 730
29-2 Heat Transfer by Conduction 731
29-3 Heat Sinks 737
29-4 Heat Transfer by Radiation and Convection 739
Summary 742
Problems 743
References 743
Chapter 30 Design of Magnetic Components 744
30-1 Magnetic Materials and Cores 744
30-2 Copper Windings 752
30-3 Thermal Considerations 754
30-4 Analysis of a Specific Inductor Design 756
30-5 Inductor Design Procedures 760
30-6 Analysis of a Specific Transformer Design 767
30-7 Eddy Currents 771
30-8 Transformer Leakage Inductance 779
30-9 Transformer Design Procedure 780
30-10 Comparison of Transformer and Inductor Sizes 789
Summary 789
Problems 790
References 792
Index 793