1 HORTICULTURE：AN OVERVIEW 1
Introduction 1
Etymology 3
Anthropology 4
Organizations 4
Gardening 5
Ancient Times 6
Types 9
Garden Features and Accessories 11
Gardening Departments and Centers 11
Comparison With Farming 11
Gardens As Art 13
Social Aspects 13
Garden Pests 14
Vertical Farming 15
Types 16
Problems 17
Advantages 19
Technologies and Devices 21
Plans 22
Landscaping 23
Understanding the Land 23
Tools 23
References 23
2 FLORICULTURE 31
Introduction 31
Plant Breeding 32
Classical Plant Breeding 33
Modern Plant Breeding 36
Issues and Concerns 39
Role of Plant Breeding in Organic Agriculture 40
Addressing Global Food Security Through Plant Breeding 41
Participatory Plant Breeding 42
Gartons Agricultural Plant Breeders 42
Publicity In USA 44
John Garton’s Honorary Doctorate 47
Commercial Success And Competition 49
Varieties Bred And Introduced 52
Norman Borlaug 56
Early Life，Education And Family 57
Wheat Research In Mexico 60
Expansion To South Asia：The Green Revolution 63
Borlaug Hypothesis 66
Later Roles 67
References 70
3 THE ART OF ARBORICULTURE 79
Introduction 79
Fruit Tree Pruning 80
Overview 81
Formative Pruning Of Bush Trees 82
Pruning The Cropping Tree 84
Pruning Of Tip Bearers 85
Tree Shaping 86
Methods 87
Common Techniques 90
Grafting 91
Pruning 91
Chronology Of Notable Practitioners 93
Related Practices 99
Bonsai 99
Espalier 99
Plantings For The Future 100
Alternative Names 101
In Fiction And Art 101
Bonsai 102
Cultivation And Care 110
Display 113
Containers 114
Bonsai Styles 116
Size Classifications 120
Indoor Bonsai 121
Tree Fork 121
Definition Of A Tree Fork 123
Tree Fork Anatomy And Morphology 123
Bark Inclusions And Fork Strength 123
References 124
4 LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE 131
Introduction 131
Definition 132
Fields Of Activity 133
History Of Landscape Architecture 134
Relation To Urban Planning 135
Profession 137
Australia 137
Canada 137
Italy 138
New Zealand 138
Republic Of Ireland 138
South Africa 139
United Kingdom 140
United States 140
Examples Of Landscape Architecture 141
References 148
5 TOOLS FOR GARDENING 151
Introduction 151
Hand Tools 152
String Trimmer 153
Design 154
Accessories 156
Power And Emissions 156
Safety Concerns 157
Other Use Of String Trimmer Parts 157
Diamond Tool 157
Advantages 158
Applications 160
Some Examples Of Diamond Tools 161
References 163
6 PRACTICES OF OLERICULTURE 165
Introduction 165
Leaf Vegetable 166
Nutrition 168
Preparation 168
Sweet Corn 171
Anatomy 172
Consumption 172
References 176
7 VITICULTURE 177
Introduction 177
History 178
In Mythology 180
The Grape Vine 180
Frost 184
Formation 184
Types 185
Effect On Plants 189
Frost-Free Areas 191
Personifications 191
Green Harvest 192
Field Blend 192
References 193
8 TROPICAL GARDENING 197
Introduction 197
Types Of Plants 198
Tropical Garden 198
Tropical Plants 199
Maintenance 200
Non-Tropical Climates 201
Acanthus Mollis 201
Etymology 201
Description 202
Reproduction 203
Distribution 203
Habitat 203
Culture 203
Gallery 204
Hedera Algeriensis 205
Description 205
Ecology 206
Landscaping 206
Canna （Plant） 206
Botany 206
Distribution 208
Origins 208
Uses 209
Taxonomy 211
Propagation 214
Paulownia Tomentosa 217
Nomenclature 217
Description 218
Uses 218
Composition 219
Trachycarpus 221
Culinvation And Uses 221
Culinary Fruits 222
Alphabetical List By Common Name 223
Culinary Fruits By Climate 241
The Stone Fruits，Drupes Of Genus Prunus 242
Rubus 243
References 254
Index 261