《国际贸易与国际收支 第10版》PDF下载

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  • 作  者:(美)RICHARD E.CAVES,JEFFREY A.FRANKEL,RONALD W.JONES著
  • 出 版 社:北京市:北京大学出版社
  • 出版年份:2007
  • ISBN:9787301126332
  • 页数:693 页
图书介绍:本书的目的之一就是要对该领域的最新前沿研究进展进行一个比较全面的介绍和比较研究。以此为基础,我们也将提出自己关于国际贸易政策的政治经济分析的理论假说和模型,并运用国内外最权威全面的详尽数据对这些假说和模型进行严格的实证检验。这些理论假说的提出及其检验将在一定程度上填补国内与国际上该领域的空白。还可以预测的是,书中所用的作者长期搜集整理独有的多年跨国面板数据将会为国内外以后的研究者大量引用。

CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1

1.1 The Subject of International Economics 2

1.2 Patterns of International Trade 5

1.3 The Organization of This Book 8

PART Ⅰ COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE AND THE BASIC MODEL OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE 11

CHAPTER 2 The Gains from Trade 13

2.1 Background Behavior:Demand 14

2.2 Background Behavior:Supply 17

2.3 Gains from Trade and Free-Trade Equilibrium 20

2.4 Winners and Losers:Autarky to Free Trade 27

2.5 Summary 29

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 30

APPENDIX A:The Box Diagram 31

APPENDIX B:Substitution and Income Effects 32

APPENDIX C:The Offer Curve Diagram 34

CHAPTER 3 Applications of the Basic Model 37

3.1 Disturbances from Abroad and the Terms of Trade 38

3.2 Protecting the Import-Competing Commodity 40

3.3 Growth and International Trade 42

3.4 The Transfer Problem 43

3.5 Wider Interpretations of the Basic Trade Model 47

3.6 Trade and Market Structure 51

3.7 Summary 51

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 52

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 53

APPENDIX:The Stability Issue 53

PART Ⅱ GLOBALIZATION:TRADE PATTERNS AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION 57

CHAPTER 4 Technology and International Income Distribution:The Ricardian Model 59

4.1 The Ricardian Setting 60

4.2 Free-Trade Equilibrium 61

4.3 International Wage Comparisons and Productivities 64

4.4 A Many-Commodity and Many-Country World 68

4.5 Winners and Losers from Productivity Shocks 69

4.6 Nontraded Commodities 72

4.7 Summary 75

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 76

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 77

APPENDIX:Transitional Unemployment 77

CHAPTER 5 Factor Endowments and Trade Ⅰ:The Specific Factors Model 79

5.1 Diminishing Returns and Factor Hires 79

5.2 Outputs and Income Distribution in the Closed Economy 80

5.3 Outputs and Income Distribution with Free Trade 82

5.4 Growth in Factor Endowments 84

5.5 Consequences for Political Economy 85

5.6 The Pattern of Trade 86

5.7 Alternative Interpretations:Specific Capital or Specific Labor 87

5.8 Dutch Disease 88

5.9 Summary 90

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 92

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 93

APPENDIX:The Transformation Schedule 93

CHAPTER 6 Factor Endowments and Trade Ⅱ:The Heckscher-Ohlin Model 95

6.1 If Technology Is Rigid 96

6.2 Flexible Technology 99

6.3 Possible Trade Patterns and the Distribution of Income 102

6.4 International Trade with Many Commodities 106

6.5 How Concentrated Is Production? 108

6.6 Changing Comparative Advantage with Economic Growth 109

6.7 Heckscher-Ohlin Theory and Empirical Evidence 110

6.8 Summary 114

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 116

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 117

APPENDIX:The Production Box 118

CHAPTER 7 Imperfect Competition,Increasing Returns,and Product Variety 121

7.1 The Prevalence of Intra-Industry Trade 122

7.2 Consumer Behavior and the Demand for Product Variety 123

7.3 Increasing Returns in Production 125

7.4 Summary 131

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 132

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 132

CHAPTER 8 Resource Trade,Outsourcing,and Product Fragmentation 133

8.1 Given Resources and Footloose Production Processes 134

8.2 Footloose Inputs:The Joint Role of Comparative and Absolute Advantage 137

8.3 Outsourcing and the International Fragmentation of Production 141

8.4 Outsourcing and Advanced Country Wage Rates 144

8.5 Summary 147

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 148

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 148

CHAPTER 9 International Factor Movements:Labor and Capital 151

9.1 Factor Movements,Efficiency,and Welfare 151

9.2 International Capital Movements:Selected Issues 154

9.3 Multinationals and Foreign Direct Investment 158

9.4 Summary 164

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 165

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 166

PART Ⅲ THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF COMMERCIAL POLICY 167

CHAPTER 10 Protection and the National Welfare 169

10.1 Protection by a Small Country 170

10.2 Protection by a Large Country 177

10.3 Taxing Trade:Domestic Welfare 178

10.4 Taxing Trade:World Welfare 179

10.5 Summary 181

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 181

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 182

APPENDIX:Tariffs and the Offer Curve 182

CHAPTER 11 The Political Economy of Protection 187

11.1 Protection as a Device for Raising Revenue 187

11.2 Commercial Policy as a Second-Best Device 189

11.3 Protection and Rent-Seeking Activities 192

11.4 Growth,Protection,and Welfare 197

11.5 Protection and Unemployment 200

11.6 Summary 200

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 201

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 201

CHAPTER 12 Trade Policy and Imperfect Competition 203

12.1 Monopoly and the Gains from Trade 203

12.2 Cartels and the Interests of Producing and Consuming Countries 207

12.3 Monopoly and Policies of Exporting and Importing Countries 209

12.4 Intellectual Property Rights 218

12.5 Summary 220

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 221

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 222

APPENDIX:International Duopoly and National Strategy 223

CHAPTER 13 Trade Controls in Practice 227

13.1 Tariffs:Levels and Trends 227

13.2 Multilateral Tariff Reduction 229

13.3 Devices for Special Protection 233

13.4 Special Protection in Action 236

13.5 Prospects for Special Protection 241

13.6 Summary 242

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 243

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 244

CHAPTER 14 Preferential Arrangements and Regional Issues in Trade Policy 245

14.1 Regional Preferences and Regional Trade 245

14.2 Welfare Effects of Trade Preferences 247

14.3 Preferential Arrangements in Practice 251

14.4 Trade Problems of the Economies in Transition 257

14.5 Trade and Growth:China and the Asian NICs 260

14.6 Preferential Arrangements:New Policy Issues 264

14.7 Summary 267

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 269

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 269

PART Ⅳ MONEY,INCOME,AND THE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS 271

CHAPTER 15 The Balance of Payments Accounts 273

15.1 Breakdown of the Accounts 275

15.2 How Individual Transactions Are Recorded 278

15.3 Double-Entry Bookkeeping 280

15.4 The Balances 282

15.5 Statistical Errors in the Payments Accounts 286

15.6 Summary 288

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 288

CHAPTER 16 The Foreign Exchange Market and Trade Elasticities 291

16.1 The Flow of Supply and Demand for Foreign Exchange 291

16.2 Empirical Effects of Devaluation on the Trade Balance 297

16.3 Summary 300

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 301

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 303

APPENDIX:Stability of the Foreign Exchange Market 303

CHAPTER 17 National Income and the Trade Balance 307

17.1 The Small-Country Keynesian Model 307

17.2 The National Saving-Investment Identity 309

17.3 Multipliers 310

17.4 The Transfer Problem 314

17.5 For a Large Country:The Two-Country Keynesian Model 316

17.6 Summary 321

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 322

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 324

APPENDIX:The Two-Country Model in Graphical Form 324

CHAPTER 18 Spending and the Exchange Rate in the Keynesian Model 327

18.1 Transmission of Disturbances 327

18.2 Expenditure-Switching and Expenditure-Reducing Policies 330

18.3 Monetary Factors 337

18.4 Summary 343

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 344

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 346

APPENDIX A:The Laursen-Metzler-Harberger Effect 346

APPENDIX B:The Assignment Problem 350

CHAPTER 19 The Money Supply,the Price Level,and the Balance of Payments 353

19.1 The Nonsterilization Assumption 353

19.2 The Purchasing Power Parity Assumption 358

19.3 Purchasing Power Parity in a Hyperinflation 369

19.4 PPP in the Model of the Balance of Payments 372

19.5 Summary 374

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 375

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 377

APPENDIX A:The Gold Standard 378

APPENDIX B:Reserve Flows After Spending Increase and Devaluation 382

APPENDIX C:The Determination of the Balance of Payments in the Monetarist Model 384

CHAPTER 20 Developing Countries and Other Small Open Economies with Nontraded Goods 391

20.1 Nontraded Goods 392

20.2 Expenditure and the Relative Price of Nontraded Goods 395

20.3 The Monetary Approach with Nontraded Goods 401

20.4 Summary 407

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 407

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 408

PART Ⅴ INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS AND THEIR MACROECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS 409

CHAPTER 21 The Globalization of Financial Markets 411

21.1 The Postwar Financial System(1944-1973) 412

21.2 The Foreign Exchange Market 414

21.3 Liberalization 419

21.4 Innovation 426

21.5 Advantages of Financial Integration 435

21.6 Summary 439

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 439

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 440

APPENDIX:The Effect of a Budget Deficit Under Intertemporal Optimization 441

CHAPTER 22 The Mundell-Fleming Model with Partial International Capital Mobility 445

22.1 The Model 447

22.2 Fiscal Policy and the Degree of Capital Mobility Under Fixed Rates 450

22.3 Monetary Policy and the Degree of Capital Mobility Under Fixed Rates 452

22.4 When Money Flows Are Not Sterilized 454

22.5 Other Automatic Mechanisms of Adjustment 456

22.6 The Pursuit of Internal and External Balance 457

22.7 Summary 460

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 461

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 461

APPENDIX:Zones of Internal and External Balance 461

CHAPTER 23 Fiscal and Monetary Policy Under Modern Financial Market Conditions 467

23.1 Fiscal Policy Under Floating:An Effect Mitigated by Capital Mobility 468

23.2 Monetary Policy Under Floating:An Effect Enhanced by Capital Mobility 474

23.3 Policy Under Perfect Capital Mobility 477

23.4 Summary 486

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 486

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 487

CHAPTER 24 Crises in Emerging Markets 489

24.1 Inflows to Emerging Markets 489

24.2 Managing Outflows 498

24.3 Speculative Attacks 499

24.4 Contagion 504

24.5 IMF Country Programs 506

24.6 Contractionary Effects of Devaluation 510

24.7 Capital Controls 515

24.8 Reform of International Financial Architecture 518

24.9 Summary 520

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 521

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 522

CHAPTER 25 Interdependence and Policy Coordination 525

25.1 International Transmission of Disturbances Under Floating Exchange Rates 525

25.2 Econometric Models of the Interdependent World Economy 530

25.3 International Macroeconomic Policy Coordination 535

25.4 Summary 540

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 540

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 541

CHAPTER 26 Supply and Inflation 543

26.1 The Aggregate Supply Relationship 543

26.2 Supply Relationship with Indexed Wages 551

26.3 Inflation 554

26.4 Alternative Anchors for a Country's Money 556

26.5 The Choice of Exchange Rate Regime 559

26.6 Summary 567

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 568

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 568

PART Ⅵ THE DETERMINATION OF EXCHANGE RATES IN INTERNATIONAL ASSET MARKETS 571

CHAPTER 27 Expectations,Money,and the Determination of the Exchange Rate 573

27.1 Interest Rate Parity Conditions 573

27.2 The Monetary Model of Exchange Rates with Flexible Prices 575

27.3 Two Examples of the Importance of Expectations 585

27.4 Overshooting and the Real Exchange Rate 588

27.5 Two More Examples of the Importance of Expectations 599

27.6 Summary 603

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 604

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 605

CHAPTER 28 Exchange Rate Forecasting and Risk 607

28.1 Forecasting the Spot Exchange Rate 607

28.2 The Role of Exchange Risk 612

28.3 Portfolio Balance Effects on the Exchange Rate 616

28.4 Summary 620

CHAPTER PROBLEMS 621

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 622

PART Ⅶ SUPPLEMENTS FOR SELECTED CHAPTERS 1

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 2:The Equations of Exchange Equilibrium 3

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 3:Stability and Comparative Statics in the Basic Trade Model 10

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 5:The Specific-Factors Model of Production 17

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 6:The Two-Sector Heckscher-Ohlin Model 22

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 10:Real Incomes,Prices,and the Tariff 27

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 11:Tariffs,Growth,and Welfare 33

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 12:Imperfect Competition,Trade Restrictions,and Welfare 39

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 16:Import and Export Elasticities 43

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 19:The Monetarist Two-Country Model of the Balance of Payments 44

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 24:Debt Dynamics 47

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 25:The Locomotive Theory 48

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 26:Real Wage Indexation 50

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 27:The Monetary Model of the Exchange Rate 51

SUPPLEMENT TO CHAPTER 28:The Optimally Diversified Portfolio 55

Index 1