第一部分 语音 1
概述 1
1.开音节和闭音节的拼读规则 1
2.元音字母组合的拼读规则 3
3.辅音字母以及辅音字母组合的拼读规则 6
4.不发音的辅音字母 9
5.-(e)s的读音规则 10
6.-ed的读音规则 11
7.单词重音 12
8.句子重音 12
9.意群 13
10.连读、失爆与同化 14
11.降调与升调 15
第二部分 语法 18
概述 18
1.名词的单数和复数形式 18
2.不可数名词 20
3.以复数形式出现的名词 21
4.有关数词的问题 22
5.名词所有格 23
6.名词的性 24
7.人称代词和无人称代词it 27
8.代词one和that 28
9.反身代词oneself 29
10.“少许”和“许多” 31
11.一组不定代词 33
12.部分否定和全部否定 35
13.不定冠词a和an 36
14.使用不定冠词a或an的场合 37
15.使用定冠词the的场合 38
16.不用冠词的场合 41
17.是形容词还是副词 43
18.形容词和副词的变形 47
19.比较的方法 49
20.有关比较结构的几个问题 50
21.没有比较含义的比较结构 51
22.形容词转化成名词 53
23.“以前”和“以后” 55
24.how long,how soon和how often 56
25.情态动词can,may和must 58
26.need和dare 59
27.used to和would 60
28.would rather和had better 61
29.情态动词后面的动词形式 63
30.规则动词和不规则动词 64
31.及物动词和不及物动词 68
32.可分割型和不可分割型动词词组 70
33.一般现在时和现在进行时 72
34.表示将来的时态 73
35.一般过去时和现在完成时 74
36.一般过去时和过去完成时 76
37.过去完成时和将来完成时 76
38.瞬时动词 77
39.时态的一致 79
40.被动语态要点 80
41.因词而异的主动和被动 82
42.虚拟语气表示非真实情况 84
43.虚拟语气表示主观意见 85
44.非限定动词的共同特点 86
45.动词不定式 88
46.现在分词和过去分词 90
47.for doing和to do 91
48.作修饰语的不定式和分词 93
49.作宾语的动词不定式和动名词 95
50.动名词和现在分词 97
51.非限定动词的时间概念 99
52.分词独立结构 100
53.主谓一致关系 101
54.几个常用介词 103
55.含介词的几种词组 106
56.介词有无规律 107
57.介词后置 109
58.介词的含义 111
59.简单句 114
60.感叹句 115
61.反意疑问句 116
62.并列复合句 117
63.状语从句 118
64.不能合用的连接词 120
65.宾语从句 121
66.直接引语和间接引语 123
67.主语从句和同位语从句 125
68.whatever和no matter what 126
69.关系代词who,which和that 127
70.关系代词和关系副词 129
71.you think两个词使问题复杂化 130
72.as的用法 132
73.倒装句 134
74.几种强调形式 135
75.可以省略的成分 138
76.常见词缀举例 141
第三部分 词汇 146
概述 146
Ⅰ.词语辨析 147
名词 147
1.accident incident event 147
2.ache pain 148
3.advantage benefit profit 149
4.alternative choice 150
5.cause reason excuse 151
6.chance opportunity 152
7.climate weather 152
8.cloth clothes clothing 153
9.contact touch 154
10.content context 156
11.country nation state power 156
12.custom habit 157
13.date day 158
14.effect impact 159
15.energy vigo(u)r 159
16.equipment device tool instrument 160
17.family home house 161
18.fare charge 162
19.fault mistake wrong blunder 163
20.fire flame 165
21.floor stor(e)y layer 166
22.form shape 166
23.game sport match event 167
24.help aid favo(u)r 168
25.job work task 170
26.land ground earth soil mud 171
27.life living 172
28.mood feeling sense 172
29.number amount quantity 174
30.opinion view 174
31.part section share 175
32.person people population individual 176
33.power force strength 178
34.practice exercise 178
35.principle principal 179
36.problem question 180
37.quantity quality 181
38.role rule 181
39.scene sight view 182
40.shade shadow 184
41.site spot scene 184
42.solution key 186
43.species breed 186
44.source resource 187
45.technique technology skill knack 188
46.tone tune 189
47.travel trip journey tour voyage 189
48.treatment cure therapy 191
49.value worth price cost 192
50.voice sound noise 193
动词 195
51.accept receive 195
52.accomplish achieve 196
53.add increase 197
54.admire envy 198
55.advise persuade 198
56.agree promise 199
57.allow permit let 200
58.appear seem look 202
59.amuse entertain interest 204
60.answer reply 205
61.arrive reach get 205
62.appreciate enjoy 207
63.ask beg demand require 208
64.ask inquire question 210
65.attend be present 211
66.awake wake awaken 212
67.award reward 213
68.beat defeat win 214
69.beat hit strike 214
70.blare blow 216
71.borrow lend 216
72.bring take fetch carry send 216
73.complete finish 218
74.consider regard 219
75.consist compose 220
76.contain include involve 221
77.cost pay spend 222
78.damage destroy harm wreck 223
79.decline reduce 225
80.defend protect guard 226
81.depend rely 227
82.discover invent develop 228
83.divide separate isolate 229
84.dress put on wear have on 230
85.fall drop sink 231
86.feed raise support 232
87.fit install fix 234
88.flow float 234
89.fit suit match 235
90.fix repair mend 236
91.get obtain gain 237
92.glance scan skim browze 239
93.happen occur take place 240
94.hope wish expect desire 241
95.inform remind warn 243
96.injure hurt wound 245
97.insist persevere 246
98.knock bump 247
99.know meet recognize realize 248
100.lie lay 249
101.listen hear 250
102.look see 251
103.lose miss 252
104.memorize/-rise recite remember 254
105.neglect ignore 255
106.need require want 255
107.pick collect 258
108.produce manufacture 259
109.provide supply offer 259
110.refuse reject decline withhold 260
111.relax relieve 261
112.review revise 263
113.rise raise lift 263
114.say speak talk tell 265
115.seat sit 267
116.spare spend take pass 268
117.stop pause 269
118.suggest propose 270
119.threaten frighten 271
120.treat cure heal 271
121.try manage 273
122.watch notice observe 274
动词与动词+副词或介词 274
123.believe believe in 274
124.do with deal with 275
125.end end up 276
126.find find out 277
127.grow grow up 278
128.join join in take part in participate 278
129.play play with 280
130.search search for 281
131.sell sell out 282
132.stay stay up 283
形容词 283
133.able capable 283
134.alive living live lively vivid 284
135.all whole 286
136.alone lonely 286
137.asleep sleepy 287
138.aware conscious 288
139.close closed 289
140.certain sure 290
141.common general ordinary average 291
142.considerate considerable 293
143.correct right exact real true 293
144.current present 294
145.damp wet 295
146.dead deadly 296
147.different separate various 296
148.efficient effective 298
149.favo(u)rite favo(u)rable popular 298
150.fit suitable 299
151.folk human 300
152.freezing frozen 300
153.glad happy merry cheerful 301
154.ill sick 302
155.elderly aged senior 303
156.older/oldest elder/eldest 304
157.only single 304
158.personal private 305
159.pleasant pleasing pleased 306
160.possible probable likely 307
161.professional specialized 308
162.recent latest last 309
163.same similar 310
164.special particular 311
165.strict severe serious 311
166.terrible terrified 313
167.usual normal regular 314
168.worth worthy worthwhile 314
副词 315
169.ago before 315
170.aloud loud loudly 316
171.almost nearly 317
172.already yet still 318
173.altogether all together 319
174.barely hardly 320
175.continually continuously 320
176.fairly rather 321
177.late later lately 322
178.most mostly 323
179.near nearby 324
180.presently recently shortly 324
181.pretty prettily 325
182.sometime some time sometimes 326
183.specially especially particularly 326
184.too either also 327
185.usually as usual 328
其他 329
186.lack(of) short(of) 329
187.except/but besides in addition(to) 329
Ⅱ.多义词 332
188.accustom 332
189.admit 332
190.affect 333
191.afford 333
192.afraid 334
193.arrange 335
194.assign 335
195.assure 336
196.audience 336
197.available 337
198.bear 337
199.blame 338
200.block 339
201.bore 340
202.care 340
203.cause 341
204.claim 341
205.convenient 342
206.curious 342
207.corner 343
208.delay 343
209.deserve 344
210.devote 344
211.die 345
212.drown 345
213.escape 346
214.fail 347
215.hang 348
216.instead 348
217.leave 349
218.long 350
219.loose 350
220.loss 351
221.marry 351
222.matter 352
223.mean 353
224.mind 354
225.object 355
226.offend 356
227.open 356
228.order 357
229.perform 358
230.prepare 359
231.pretend 360
232.prevent 361
233.prove 361
234.range 362
235.regret 363
236.remain 363
237.rest 364
238.risk 365
239.room 365
240.serve 366
241.share 366
242.smell 367
243.stick 368
244.substitute 369
245.thorough 370
246.weigh 370
247.welcome 371
248.word 372
249.worry 372
Ⅲ.常用词构成的习语 373
250.all 373
251.break 375
252.call 376
253.care 377
254.charge 378
255.come 379
256.die 380
257.distance 380
258.far 381
259.free 382
260.get 383
261.give 384
262.go 386
263.good 387
264.hand 387
265.hear 388
266.hold 389
267.keep 389
268.know 391
269.learn 392
270.long 392
271.look 393
272.make 395
273.moment 396
274.own 396
275.pass 397
276.pick 398
277.put 398
278.read 400
279.result 400
280.set 401
281.take 402
282.think 403
283.time 404
284.try 406
285.turn 407
286.wait 408
287.way 408
288.work 409
第四部分 交际功能 411
概述 411
1.Greetings(问候) 411
2.Saying Goodbye(道别) 413
3.Making Telephone Calls(打电话) 415
4.Asking the Way(问路) 418
5.Telling Time and Dates(时间与日期) 420
6.Making Introductions(介绍) 422
7.Giving Thanks(感谢) 424
8.Making Apologies and Granting Forgiveness(道歉与宽恕) 426
9.Offering Help(提供帮助) 428
10.Asking for Permission(请求允许) 430
11.Showing Agreement or Disagreement(同意或不同意) 432
12.Expressing Certainty or Uncertainty(确定或不确定) 434
13.Talking About Likes or Dislikes(谈论爱憎) 436
14.Doing Shopping(购物) 437
15.Eating at a Restaurant(在餐厅就餐) 439
16.Talking About the Weather(谈论天气) 441
17.Expressing Desires and Intentions(愿望与打算) 443
18.Expressing Good Wishes and Congratulations(祝愿与祝贺) 445
19.Showing Sympathy and Encouragement(表示同情与鼓励) 446
20.Prohibitions and Warnings(禁止与警告) 448
21.Showing Surprise and Worry(表示惊讶与担忧) 450
22.Making Requests and Giving Instructions(请求与指导) 451
23.Giving Advice and Suggestions(劝告与建议) 453
24.Asking for Repetition(请求重复) 455
25.Getting People's Ideas(征求看法) 457
26.Showing Satisfaction or Dissatisfaction(满意或不满意) 458
27.Showing Disappointment(表示失望) 460
28.Expressing Reproaches(表示责备) 462
29.Seeing a Doctor(看医生) 464
30.Expressing Obligation and Necessity(义务与需要) 465
31.Denying Something(否认) 467
32.Expressing Preference(偏爱) 469
33.Expressing Pleasure or Displeasure(表示高兴或不高兴) 471
34.Requesting Assistance(请求帮助) 472
35.Expressing Ability and Inability(能与不能) 475
36.Asking for and Reporting Information(询问与报告信息) 477
37.Accepting or Declining Invitations(接受或谢绝邀请) 478
第五部分 阅读 481
概述 481
Ⅰ.影响理解的主要因素 482
Ⅱ.各种题材短文举例及择要分析 487
Ⅲ.阅读实践 514
第六部分 英语写作 537
概述 537
Ⅰ.句子的写作 537
1.避免常见的语病 538
2.注意句子的多样性 555
Ⅱ.短文写作 562
1.短文的种类和基本结构 562
2.记叙文 565
3.议论文 574
Ⅲ.应用文的写作 576
1.信函 576
2.便条 592
3.通知 595
4.海报 596