Chapter Ⅰ Introduction 2
Section A:Exposition Texts 2
A1.Geography 2
A2.The Formation of the Union 4
A3.Population Trends 9
A4.Economy 11
A5.Class 13
American City:New York City 15
Section B:Exploitation Activities 15
B1.Pair work 15
B2.Individual work 17
B3.Research projects 17
B4.Ask Americans 17
Section C:Extension Tasks 18
Feature:Traditional American Values 18
Further Reading 19
Useful Websites 20
Supplementary Reading 20
People and Culture:Diversity and Convergence 20
Glossary 23
Chapter Ⅱ The Constitution and the Government System 26
Section A:Exposition Texts 26
A1.The Articles of Confederation 26
A2.The Constitution 26
A3.The Selling of the Constitution 29
A4.The Structure of the Federal Government 29
A5.The Federal System 32
A6.Bureaucracies 33
American City:Washington D.C 33
Section B:Exploitation Activities 34
B1.Individual work 34
B2.Pair work 35
B3.Group work 35
B4.Research project 36
Section C:Extension Tasks 36
C1.Feature:James Madison and the Federalist Papers 36
C2.Four Basic Principles of the Constitution 37
C3.The Grid—Order Upon the Land 37
Further Reading 38
Useful Websites 38
Supplementary Reading 38
1.Popular Members of an Unpopular Congress? 38
2.The Fourteen Government Departments and Some of the Sixty Independent Agencies 39
Glossary 40
Chapter Ⅲ The Amendments 42
Section A:Exposition Texts 42
A1.The Bill of Rights 42
A2.The Remaining Amendments 44
A3.Amendment Proposal and Ratification 45
A4.Illustrations of the Amendments 46
American City:Philadelphia 48
Section B:Exploitation Activities 49
B1.Individual work 49
B2.Pair work 50
B3.Group work 50
B4.Research project 51
B5.Essay topics 51
Section C:Extension Tasks 53
Feature:The Story of the Equal Rights Amendment:a Sexist Society? 53
Further Reading 55
Useful Websites 55
Supplementary Reading:Constitutional Change 55
Glossary 56
Chapter Ⅳ Education 58
Section A:Exposition Texts 58
A1.American Perception of Education 58
A2.Elementary and Secondary Education 59
A3.Higher Education 63
American City:Boston 66
Section B:Exploitation Activities 67
B1.Individual work 67
B2.Pair work 68
B3.Group work 70
B4.Research projects 71
Section C:Extension Tasks 71
C1.Feature:Community Colleges 71
C2.The Divided Campus 72
Further Reading 73
Useful Websites 73
Supplementary Reading 74
School Districts and Their Boards of Education 74
Glossary 74
Chapter Ⅴ Immigration and Ethnicity 77
Section A:Exposition Texts 77
A1.Introduction 77
A2.Melting Pot vs.Salad Bowl 78
A3.American Immigration Policies 79
A4.The Changing Face of Ethnicity in America 81
A5.Affirmative Action 81
American City:Los Angeles 82
Section B:Exploitation Activities 83
B1.Individual work 83
B2.Pair work 83
B3.Group discussion 84
B4.Essay topic 86
Section C:Extension Tasks 86
C1.Feature:Martin Luther King,Jr.and Civil Disobedience 86
C2.Native Americans and Hispanics 88
Further Reading 89
Useful Websites 89
Supplementary Reading 89
Discrimination and Barriers to Equal Opportunity for Asian Americans in the 1990s:Some Contributory Factors 89
Glossary 92
Chapter Ⅵ Family and Personal Relationships 94
Section A:Exposition Texts 94
A1.What Is Family 94
A2.Marriage 95
A3.Class and Family 96
A4.Family Life 97
A5.Divorce and Cohabitation 99
A6.Homeownership 100
American City:Miami 102
Section B:Exploitation Activities 103
B1.Group discussion 103
B2.Pair work 103
B3.Essay topics 104
B4.Ask Americans 105
Section C:Extension Tasks 105
C1.Feature:Family Financial Picture:Are They Middle-Class? 105
C2.The Centrality of Marriage Under the Federal Law 107
C3.Do Gay People Have Rights? 108
Further Reading 109
Useful Websites 109
Supplementary Reading 109
1.Housing Types in America Can Be Divided into Several Basic Categories 109
2.American Housing Standards 110
Glossary 110
Chapter Ⅶ Domestic Economy 113
Section A:Exposition Texts 113
A1.Introduction:Macroeconomic Policy 113
A2.Microeconomic Policy 116
A3.The General Economic Situation after World War Ⅱ and a Transformed Economic Structure 117
A4.U.S.Financial Markets 120
A5.Aspects of Corporations and Small Businesses 122
A6.U.S.Foreign Trade 124
A7.Tax Policy 127
American City:Chicago 130
Section B:Exploitation Activities 130
B1.Individual work 130
B2.Pair work 131
B3.Ask Americans 131
B4.Research projects 132
Section C:Extension Tasks 133
C1.Feature:The Downsizing of America 133
C2.The Service Economy in the U.S.A 134
Further Reading 135
Useful Websites 135
Supplementary Reading 135
NAFTA and Other Regional Economic Integration in North America 135
Glossary 136
Chapter ⅤⅢ Social Welfare 139
Section A:Exposition Texts 139
A1.Poverty and the Development of the Welfare State 139
A2.Social Welfare up to 1996 141
A3.The Reform of 1996 and the Changing Attitudes 145
A4.Government Subsidized Housing 149
American City:Richmond 149
Section B:Exploitation Activities 150
B1.Individual work 150
B2.Research projects 150
B3.Group work 151
B4.Essay topic 151
Section C:Extension Tasks 151
C1.Feature:Why the Fuss about AFDC 151
C2.Life Begins at Sixty-five? 152
Further Reading 153
Useful Websites 153
Supplementary Reading 153
Native Americans and Social Welfare 153
Glossary 154
Chapter Ⅸ Political Parties and Interest Groups 156
Section A:Exposition Texts 156
A1.The Evolution of Two-Party Democracy 156
A2.Party Functions 157
A3.Traditional Images of the Two Parties 159
A4.Voting Behavior 160
A5.Interest Groups 162
A6.Means of Political Participation 163
American City:San Francisco 163
Section B:Exploitation Activities 164
B1.Individual work 164
B2.Pair work 164
B3.Essay topic 165
B4.Ask Americans 166
Section C:Extension Tasks 166
C1.Feature:What's So Special About Disabled Veterans? 166
C2.How Political Parties and Interest Groups Differ 167
Further Reading 168
Useful Websites 168
Supplementary Reading 168
1.Third Parties and Independent Candidates in the American System 168
2.Some of the Major Organized Interest Groups by Type 169
Glossary 170
Chapter Ⅹ Work 173
Section A:Exposition Texts 173
A1.A Portrait of the U.S.Labor Market Today 173
A2.Job Security and the Service Sector 176
A3.The Minimum Wage and Unemployment 177
A4.The Graying of the Workforce 179
A5.Telecommuting and Changes in the World of Work 180
American City:Plano 181
Section B:Exploitation Activities 182
B1.Individual work 182
B2.Pair work 182
B3.Essay topics 183
B4.Research project 185
Section C:Extension Tasks 185
Feature:The Internet and the Workplace 185
Further Reading 186
Useful Websites 186
Supplementary Reading:Geography of the Industrial Sectors 186
Glossary 188
Chapter Ⅺ The Print Media 190
Section A:Exposition Texts 190
A1.Newspapers 190
A2.Magazines 191
A3.Ownership of the Print Media 193
A4.Online—a New Format 194
A5.Print Media in the Electronic Age 195
American City:New Orleans 195
Section B:Exploitation Activities 196
B1.Pair work 196
B2.Individual work 196
B3.Research projects 197
B4.Essay topics 198
Section C:Extension Tasks 199
C1.Feature:Esquire,an Introduction to the Current State of the Magazine Industry 199
C2.The Impact of USA Today 199
C3.Journalism as a Political Issue 200
C4.U.S.Supreme Court:Freelancers Control Whether Their Print Articles May Be Reproduced Electronically 200
Further Reading 200
Useful Websites 201
Supplementary Reading 201
1.The Publishing Industry 201
2.The Three Newspaper Giants and Yellow Journalism 202
3.A Determined Reporter 202
Glossary 203
Chapter Ⅻ The Electronic Media 205
Section A:Exposition Texts 205
A1.A General Introduction 205
A2.Maturity of TV and Its Effects on American Leisure 206
A3.The Three Giant Networks and the Organization of the Traditional Television Industry 206
A4.What Americans Watch on TV 208
A5.Media Controls—Laws and Regulations 209
A6.The Internet 211
American City:Cleveland 212
Section B:Exploitation Activities 212
B1.Individual work 212
B2.Pair work 213
B3.Research project 214
B4.Essay topic 214
Section C:Extension Tasks 216
C1.Feature:Presidential Election and TV 216
C2.The Film Industry Since the 1960s 217
C3.Virtual Reality 218
Further Reading 219
Useful Websites 219
Supplementary Reading 219
Rock and Roll:Its Birth and Recent Trends 219
Glossary 220
Chapter ⅩⅢ Leisure and Recreation 223
Section A:Exposition Texts 223
A1.Trends in Leisure Time 223
A2.Sports and Campus Recreation 225
A3.Indoor and"Invisible"Leisure Activities 228
A4.Theme Parks 230
A5.Factors that Promote Leisure and Recreation 231
A6.Leisure-Service Agencies 232
A7.Trends Affecting Leisure in the 21st Century 234
American City:Memphis 234
Section B:Exploitation Activities 235
B1.Pair work 235
B2.Group work 235
B3.Debating topic 235
B4.Research projects 236
B5.Individual work 236
Section C:Extension Tasks 236
C1.Feature:Disneyland,More Than an Entertainment Empire 236
C2.The Federal Government's Role in Recreation 238
Further Reading 239
Useful Websites 239
Supplementary Reading:Martha's Vineyard 239
Glossary 239
Chapter ⅩⅣ Tourism and Holidays 242
Section A:Exposition Texts 242
A1.Tourism,a Major Industry 242
A2.Who Are the Tourists 245
A3.Leisure Plus Travel 246
A4.Tourism Organization 248
A5.Tourist Attractions 249
A6.Holidays in the U.S.A 250
American City:Atlantic City 254
Section B:Exploitation Activities 255
B1.Individual work 255
B2.Pair work 255
B3.Research projects 257
B4.Debating topic 257
Section C:Extension Tasks 257
C1.Feature:Las Vegas and Casinos in the U.S 257
C2.National Parks 259
Further Reading 260
Useful Websites 260
Supplementary Reading 260
Top States and Cities Visited by Oversears Travelers,1999 261
Glossary 261
Chapter ⅩⅤ Justice and the Law 263
Section A:Exposition Texts 263
A1.Judicial Independence 263
A2.Essentials of Law 266
A3.Types of Courts 267
A4.Judges 268
A5.The Legal Profession 271
A6.Access to Legal Services 273
A7.The Apparatus of Justice 274
A8.Problems with the American Criminal Justice System 277
American City:Atlanta 278
Section B:Exploitation Activities 279
B1.Individual work 279
B2.Pair work 279
B3.Pair work 279
B4.Group discussion 280
B5.Essay topics 281
Section C:Extension Tasks 281
C1.Feature:Race and Criminal Justice 281
C2.Court-ordered School Busing:Is it Successful in Achieving Integration in Education? 282
Further Reading 283
Useful Websites 283
Supplementary Reading 283
Litigation and American Culture 283
Glossary 284
Chapter ⅩⅥ Crime and the Police 286
Section A:Exposition Texts 286
A1.General Introduction:Crime in America 286
A2.Why Most Americans Live in Fear 287
A3.Crime Policy in the U.S 288
A4.Firearms Violence and Gun Control Legislation 290
A5.Drug Offenses 291
A6.Juvenile Crime and the Juvenile Court 292
A7.Community Policing,a New Approach to Make America Safer 293
American City:Santa Fe 295
Section B:Exploitation Activities 295
B1.Pair work 295
B2.Group discussion 296
B3.Essay topics 296
B4.Research project 296
Section C:Extension Tasks 297
C1.Feature:Police Abuse and Racial Discrimination 297
C2.Changing Attitude about Imprisonment 298
C3.The Eight-hour Shift 299
Further Reading 299
Useful Websites 299
Supplementary Reading:The Federal Bureau of Investigation 299
Glossary 301
Chapter ⅩⅦ America and the World 303
Section A:Exposition Texts 303
A1.Foreign Affairs Bureaucracy 303
A2.The Foreign Policymaking Process 304
A3.America in the Cold War 306
A4.The Post-Cold War Era 310
A5.The Middle East:a Multilateral Peace Process 312
A6.Terrorism and Counterterrorism 313
American City:Denver 314
Section B:Exploitation Activities 315
B1.Individual work 315
B2.Pair work 315
B3.Essay topics 316
Section C:Extension Tasks 316
C1.Feature:The United Nations and U.S.Domestic Politics 316
C2.The Persian Gulf War 317
C3.The Media and Foreign Policy 317
Further Reading 318
Useful Websites 318
Supplementary Reading:Foreign Policy Interest Groups:Proliferation and Intensification 318
Glossary 319
Chapter ⅩⅧ Belief and Religion 322
Section A:Exposition Texts 322
A1.How Religious Are Americans? 322
A2.Major Themes in the Development of American Religions 323
A3.20th Century Diversity and Pluralism 324
A4.The Changing Religious Landscape 329
A5.Religious Problems in the U.S 330
American City:Salt Lake City 331
Section B:Exploitation Activities 332
B1.Pair work 332
B2.Group discussion 332
B3.Ask Americans 333
B4.Individual work 333
Section C:Extension Tasks 334
Feature:Freedom vs Order:When Christmas Conflicts with Diversity 334
Further Reading 335
Useful Websites 335
Supplementary Reading:Confidence in U.S.Institutions 335
Glossary 336
Appendixes 338
Ⅰ.The Declaration of Independence 338
Ⅱ.The Constitution of the United States of America 340
Ⅲ.Admission of States into the Union 355