Preface to Part One 1
1.Paradoxes of Translating 1
2.The Functions and Theories of Language 8
3.The Structures of Language 18
4.The Structures and Meaning of Lexemes 28
5.The Structures and Meaning of Syntax 41
6.The Structures and Meaning of Discourse 59
7.Language and Culture 78
8.Functional Equivalence 86
9.Translation Procedures 97
10.Theories of Translation 114
Preface to Part Two 125
1.What is Translating? 127
2.More about Language and Culture 139
3.Words in Context 157
4.Relations between Words 183
5.Translating Texts 198
6.Representative Treatments of Translating 219
7.Three Major Types of Translation Theories 240
Bibliography 248
Index 259
Appendices 270
1.An Interview with the Correspondent of the Journal of Foreign Languages 270
2.An Interview with Professor Liao Qiyi 277
3.The Correspondence with Professor Zhang Jinghao 285
4.A Letter to Professor Huang Ren 289