第一部分 基础化学讲座 3
第1章 化学的本质 3
Homework No.1 8
第2章 作为定量科学和物质科学的化学 9
2.1 Introduction 9
2.2 Numbers in Physical Quantities 10
2.3 Units of Measurement 11
2.4 The Dimensional Method and Problem Solving 13
2.5 Atoms and Elements 15
2.6 Atomic Structure：Five Classic Experiments 15
2.7 Nuclear Arithmetic 16
2.8 Kinds of Matter 17
Homework No.2 17
第3章 原子、分子和离子 19
3.1 Atoms and Ions in Combination 19
3.2 Atomic，Molecular and Molar Mass Relationships 22
3.3 Composition of a Chemical Compound，Simplest and Empirical Formulas，and Molecular Formulas 23
Homework No.3 24
第4章 气态 26
4.1 The Nature of Gases 26
4.2 Volume，Pressure and Temperature Relationships 26
4.3 Mass，Molecular and Molar Relationships 27
4.4 Behavior of Gas Molecules 29
Homework No.4 30
第5章 化学反应和化学计算法 32
5.1 Chemical Change：Equations and Types of Reactions 32
5.2 Stoichiometry 35
Homework No.5 38
第6章 热化学 40
6.1 Energy 40
6.2 Heats of Reaction and Other Enthalpy Changes 41
6.3 Measuring Heat 43
Homework No.6 43
第7章 有机化合物和基团的命名 46
7.1 Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons 46
7.2 Functional Groups with Covalent Single Bonds 48
7.3 Functional Groups with Covalent Double Bonds 49
Homework No.7 50
第8章 碳水化合物、氨基酸、蛋白质和脂肪 52
8.1 Carbohydrates 52
8.2 Amino Acids and Protein 56
8.3 Fat 61
Homework No.8 63
第9章 聚合反应：由简单分子到高分子 67
9.1 Step-Growth Polymerization and Condensation Polymers 67
9.2 Chain-Growth Polymerization and Addition Polymers 69
Homework No.9 71
第二部分 重要专业术语 75
第10章 无机化学术语 75
第11章 有机化学术语 86
11.1 Hydrocarbons 86
11.2 Hydrocarbons and Energy 86
11.3 Some Introductory Concepts 87
11.4 Organic Compounds and Their Formulas 87
11.5 Organic Chemistry as a Basis for Studying Biochemisty and Synthetic Polymers 89
第12章 物理化学术语 90
第13章 分析化学术语 97
第14章 高分子化学术语 106
14.1 Polymers 106
14.2 Natural Polymers 106
14.3 Polymer Nomenclature 107
14.4 Historical Introduction 109
14.5 Recycling Synthetic Polymers 113
第15章 生物化学术语 116
15.1 Biochemistry 116
15.2 Levels of Structures in Biological Macromolecules 118
15.3 DNA and Proteins:Which Came First in the Life's Chemical Evolution? 122
15.4 The RNA World 124
第16章 环境化学术语 126
16.1 Prologue on Energy and Sustainability 126
16.2 Natural Energy Flows 127
16.3 Crisis of Atmospheric Chemistry 129
16.4 The Chemical Control of Climate：the Global Warmers 130
16.5 Green Chemistry and Development of Green Chemicals and Catalysts 131
第17章 药物化学术语 134
17.1 Scope of Medicinal Chemistry 134
17.2 Basic Medicinal Chemical Terms from IUPAC Recommendations（1998） 135
17.3 Rehabilitation of Old Drugs and Development of New Ones 146
第三部分 化学文献选讲 151
第18章 说明性短文 151
18.1 Laboratory Safety Rules 151
18.2 Keeping Records 152
18.3 Use of a Balance 153
18.4 An Experiment 155
18.5 Molecular Weight of a Substance 156
18.6 Tools of Chemistry：Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 159
18.7 Tools of Chemistry：the Computer 161
第19章 期刊论文 164
19.1 Progesterone from 3-Acetoxybisnor-5-cholenaldehyde and 3-Ketobisnor-4-cholenaldehyde 164
19.2 Exact Shapes of Random Walks in Two Dimensions 166
19.3 Modelling of Molecular Networks with Negative Poisson's Ratios 169
第20章 获奖演说 172
20.1 The Discovery of Crown Ethers by Charles J．Pedersen 172
20.2 Concept and Innovation in Polymer Science by Paul J．Flory 176
20.3 Scientific Research Moves towards the 21 st Century by Sam Edwards 183
第四部分 附录 191
附录A 单位、常数等实用资料 191
Table A.1 Fundamental Constants 191
Table A.2 Commonly Used Prefixes 191
Table A.3 Base Units of the International System of Units 192
Table A.4 Derived Units of the International System of Units 192
Table A.5 Atomic Masses Listed Alphabetically 194
Table A.6 Greek Alphabet 197
Table A.7 List of Audio-Video Material Teaching Basic Chemistry 197
附录B 补充习题与已有习题答案 198
B.1 Additional Homework 198
B.2 Answers to Existing Homework 199
附录C 试题举例 206
C.1 Sample Mid-Term Exam 206
C.2 Sample Final Exam 208
C.3 A Complete Sample Exam with Answers 209
附录D 科技阅读和翻译课文 214
D.1 Selected Speed Reading Texts 214
D.2 Texts for English-to-Chinese Translation 222
D.3 Texts for Chinese-to-English Translation 224
附录E 科技会话常用课文与词汇 228
E.1 Selected Speaking Texts 228
E.2 Useful Words for Scientifically Speaking 236
附录F 基本化学术语总汇及索引 249