PREFACE 7
Ⅰ．EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 9
Ⅱ．REPORT OF FORUM SESSIONS 15
PART ONE：RESEARCH OPPORTUNITES 15
Session Ⅰ．Areas that Offer Mutual Advantages for Cooperation 15
Session Ⅱ．New Technologies that May Provide Opportunities for Cooperation 19
Session Ⅲ．Biodiversity and Ecology ofInfectious Diseases 24
Session Ⅳ．Clinical Research Systems Compared 29
Session Ⅴ．Differences in Intellectual Property Rights and Bioethics Systems of China and the United States 32
PART TWO：CHALLENGES FOR SCIENTIFIC COOPERATION 36
Session Ⅵ．Discussion of Issues and Differences 36
Rita Colwell Keynote Address 45
Small Group Discussions． 45
Plenary Session． 45
Ⅲ．FORUM PRESENTATIONS 45
Session Ⅰ：Areas that Offer Mutual Advantages for Collaboration 51
YE Xinsheng An overview of funding for biomedical research in China in the Department of Life Sciences，NSFC． 51
QIN Bo Yi Present situation of new drug research in China． 53
HAN Ji-Sheng Acupuncture：from pain relief to treatment of drug addiction． 55
Roger Detels Establishing successful research collaborations 57
Philip Taylor NCI intramural experience in collaborative cancer research in China 58
Session Ⅱ：New Technologies Providing Opportunities for Cooperation 62
WANG Xiaomin Telemedicine in China 62
William Michener Technologies for understanding biocomplexity in the environment 65
CHEN Zhu The human genome project in China 68
Elke Jordan The human genome project in the United States 69
HONG Guofan Rice Genomics—Achievements and Plans． 71
Mary Lou Guerinot Nutritional genomics—manipulating plants to improve human health． 73
JIANG Zhigang Wildlife conservation in China：policy，practice，and prospects． 75
Session Ⅲ．Biodiversity and Ecology of Infectious Diseases 75
ZHU Zuoyan Biodiversity studies in China：progress and opportunities for cooperation 76
Joshua Rosenthal Biodiversity and human health． 77
Jerrold Meinwald The chemistry of biotic interaction． 83
SHAO Yiming Current AIDS research in China and potential for future AIDS vaccine collaboration for China and the United States． 84
Joshua Rosenthal Ecology of infectious diseases． 86
Session Ⅳ：Clinical Research Systems Compared 91
KE Yang Cancer research in China 91
Richard Mowery Organization and management of clinical research at NIH 94
Belinda Seto Clinical trial oversight 95
YU Xiu-Cheng Protection of IPR in China：current situation，problems，and countermeasures 96
Session Ⅴ：Differences in Chinese and U．S．IPR and Bioethics Systems 96
YANG Lin-Cun Intellectual property rights protection of medicine in China 97
Kia Chen Technology transfer at NIH 98
QIAO Yiu-lin Ethical considerations in condicting cancer epidemiological studies in China 105
Eric Meslin＆James Lavery The protection of human subjects：evolution of the U．S．system and efforts to harmonize ethical standards for international research． 107
Ⅳ．FORUM PARTICIPANTS 113
CHINESE TRANSLATION 121
CONTENTS 121
Note：Chinese translation begins on page 121