Ⅰ. Introduction: Putting International Law in Proper Perspective，or Putting Your Legal Prototypes Aside 1
1. International Law and International Politics 3
The Relevance of International Law 5
The Challenge 12
Box 1.1. International Law in Action: Hamdan v. Rumsfeld 15
2. The Great Paradigm Debate: Realism， Idealism，and Other Schools 18
The Realist Paradigm 20
The Idealist (Liberal) Paradigm 27
Bridging the Realist-Idealist Divide 36
The Constructivist Paradigm and Other Schools of Thought 38
Box 2.1 International Law in Action: Reparation for Injuries Suffered in the Service of the United Nations 41
3. Is International Law Really Law， or a Charade? 44
Is International Law Really Law? 47
The Making of International Law: Where Does the Law Come From? 48
The Breaking of International Law: How Is the Law Enforced? 59
The Adjudicating of International Law: Who Are the Judges? 64
The Verdict on International Law 68
Box 3.1 International Law in Action: The Paquete Habana 70
Ⅱ. International Law at Work: Shooting Pool and Pooling Sovereignty 75
4. Jurisdiction: The Allocation of Legal Competences over Places and Persons on Land， at Sea， and in the Air and Outer Space 77
Bases of Jurisdiction 80
Acquisition of Title to Territory 87
Conclusion 102
Box 4.1 International Law in Action: The S.S. Lotus 104
5. Human Rights: What Happened to Sovereignty? 107
Treatment of Aliens 109
Treatment of Citizens 113
Human Rights Challenges in the Twenty-First Century 125
Conclusion 131
Box 5.1 International Law in Action: The LaGrand Case 132
6. War and Peace: Do We Need New Rules for an Old Problem? 137
The Changing Nature of Global Violence 143
War and the Evolution of International Law 156
Conclusion 179
Box 6.1 International Law in Action: Case Concerning Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua 181
7. International Economic Relations and International Law:Regulating States and Markets 185
The Changing Nature of International Political Economy:The Contest between Economic Nationalism (States) and Liberal Internationalism (Markets) 194
International Regimes and Economic Order 203
International Regimes and Economic Justice 215
Conclusion 220
Box 7.1 International Law in Action: Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services 223
8. International Environmental Law: Protecting the Biosphere 226
Environmental Politics and Law in Historical Perspective 230
The Range and Nature of Environmental Regimes 236
Compliance and Effectiveness 245
Ecopolitics 246
Conclusion 253
Box 8.1 International Law in Action: Trail Smelter Case 255
Ⅲ. Conclusion: A Summation of the Argument 259
9. The Future of International Politics， International Law，and Global Governance 261
A Few Observations about the Observance of International Law 265
Strengthening the Rule of Law in International Politics 276
Between Peril and Promise 279
Endnotes 281
Appendix A: Questions for Study and Discussion 335
Appendix B: Table of Cases 343
Appendix C: Resources for Researching International Law: Web Sites， Casebooks and Reference Works， and Readings 351
Index 359