1.INTRODUCTION 15
THE CELLS OF THE GONADS 15
EMBRYOLOGY OF THE GONADS 22
SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION AND SEX HORMONE PRODUCTION 23
HERMAPHRODITISM AND PSEUDOHERMAPHRODITISM 23
SEX HORMONES AND SEX CHARACTERISTICS 24
HORMONE PRODUCTION BY THE TESTIS 24
HORMONE PRODUCTION BY THE OVARY 25
BISEXUAL EFFECTS OF HORMONES 26
HORMONE ASSAYS 27
GONADOTROPHINS 27
FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE （FSH） 27
CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN 29
LUTEINIZING HORMONE （LH, ICSH） 29
ESTROGENS 29
PROGESTERONE 31
PREGNANETRIOL 32
ANDROGENS 32
17-KETOSTEROIDS 32
CORTICOIDS 33
CLASSIFICATION OF ENDOCRINE EFFECTS 33
ESTRINISM 33
DEFEMINIZATION 35
MASCULINIZATION 35
HYPERADRENOCORTICISM 36
2.NONNEOPLASTIC ABNORMALITIES OF THE OVARY WITH ENDOCRINE EFFECT 40
SINGLE FOLLICLE CYSTS 40
POLYCYSTIC OVARIES AND HYPERTHECOSIS 42
POLYCYSTIC OVARIES AND ESTRINISM 44
POLYCYSTIC OVARIES AND THE STEIN-LEVENTHAL SYNDROME 44
HYPERTHECOSIS AND VIRILISM 46
ETIOLOGY 48
TREATMENT 50
CORTICAL STROMAL HYPERPLASIA 51
HILAR LEYDIC CELL （HHUS CELL） HYPERPLASIA 54
INTERSEXUAL INDIVIDUALS WITH FEMALE CONFTCURATION: TESTICULAR FEMINIZATION AND GONADAL DYSGENESIS 58
3.CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONING OVARIAN TUMORS 62
4.GRANULOSA-THECA CELL TUMORS 65
HISTORY 65
INCIDENCE 65
PATHOLOGY OF GRANULOSA CELL TUMORS 65
PATHOLOGY OF THECOMAS 73
HISTOGENESIS AND ETIOLOGY 75
ENDOCRINE EFFECTS 76
PROGNOSIS AND TREATMENT 78
CASE REPORTS 79
5.SERTOLI-LEYDIG CELL TUMORS 82
HISTORY 82
INCIDENCE 83
PATHOLOGY 83
HISTOGENESIS 91
ENDOCRINE EFFECTS 91
PROGNOSIS AND TREATMENT 92
CASE REPORTS 93
6.SEX CORD-MESENCHYME TUMORS OF INDETERMINATE ORMIXED CELL TYPES 97
INDETERMINATE TUMORS 97
MIXED TuMORS 97
7.LIPOID CELL TUMORS 103
INCIDENCE 103
PATHOLOGY 104
ADRENAL-LIKE TUMORS 104
LEYDIG （HILUS） CELL TUMORS 104
HYPERNEPHROMAS 106
LUTEOMAS 107
HISTOGENESIS 108
ENDOCRINE EFFECTS 109
PROGNOSIS AND TREATMENT 114
8.GERMINOMAS, TERATOMAS, AND RELATED TUMORS 117
GERMINOMAS 117
GONADORLASTOMAS 120
CHORIOCARCINOMAS 127
TERATOMAS 128
STRUMA OVARII 129
9.TUMORS WITH “FUNCTIONING STROMA” 131
CASE REPORTS 133