Contents 1
Introduction 1
Ⅰ．What Is Literature？ 1
Ⅱ．What Is the Function of Literature？ 1
Ⅲ．How Do We Appreciate Literature？ 3
Chapter One Essay 5
Ⅰ．What Is Essay？ 5
Ⅱ．Selected Readings 6
1．Francis Bacon 6
2．Samuel Johnson 9
3．Ralph Waldo Emerson 12
4．Henry David Thoreau 17
Chapter Two Fiction 24
Ⅰ．What Is Fiction？ 24
Ⅱ．The Elements of Fiction 26
1．Henry Fielding 42
Ⅲ．Selected Readings 42
2．Washington Irving 47
3．Edgar Allan Poe 56
4．Nathanie lHawthome 70
5．Charles Dickens 80
6．Emily Brontё 85
7．Henry James 90
8．Kate Chopin 102
9．Stephen Crane 106
10．Sherwood Anderson 123
11．Jack London 131
12．James Joyce 141
13．Virginia Woolf 146
14．D．H．Lawrence 151
15．Katherine Mansfield 162
16．Emest Hemingway 166
17．Francis Scott Fitzgerald 174
18．William Cuthbert Faulkner 190
19．Katherine Anne Porter 207
20．Ralph Ellison 215
Chapter Three Poetry 223
Ⅰ．What Is Poetry？ 223
Ⅱ．The Elements of Poetry 223
Ⅲ．The Selected Readings 232
1．William Blake 232
2．Robert Bums 235
3．Wtlliam Wordsworth 238
4．George Gordon Byron 242
5．Percy Bysshe Shelley 249
6．John Keats 255
7．Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 262
8．Lord Alfred Tennyson 265
9．Robert Browning 271
10．Walt Whitman 274
11．Emily Dickinson 280
12．W．B．Yeats 284
13．Robert Frost 288
14．Ezra Pound 293
15．T．S．Eliot 296
16．Wallace Stevens 302
17．William Carlos Williams 304
18．E．E．Cummings 307
19．Langston Hughes 311
Chapter Four Drama 315
Ⅰ．What Is Drama？ 315
Ⅱ．The Elements of Drama 316
Ⅲ． The Development of Drama 320
Ⅵ．Selected Reading 323
Edward Albee 323
The Zoo Story 341
Glossary of Literary Terms 341