Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Research Background 1
1.2.1 Consecutive Interpreting 1
1.2.2 Interpreting Shifts as Translation Shifts 3
1.2.3 Interpreting Shifts in Political Consecutive Interpreting：A SFL Approach 6
1.3 Scope,Aim and Questions of This Study 8
1.4 Research Object,Research Method and Theoretical Framework 9
1.5 Significance 12
1.6 Organization of the Book 14
Chapter 2 CHINA'S HIGH-LEVEL POLITICAL INTERPRETING 15
2.1 Introduction 15
2.2 Genre and Schematic Structure 15
2.3 Institutionalization of China's High-Level Political Interpreting 16
2.4 Institutional Procedures of High-Level Political Interpreting and the Formulation of Its Content 20
2.5 Institutional Requirements for High-Level Political Interpreters and Their Interpreting 25
2.6 Institutionalization of High-Level Political Interpreters'Training 31
2.7 Conclusion 35
Chapter 3 OVERVIEW OF CONFERENCE INTERPRETING STUDIES（Ⅰ）：SIMULTANEOUS INTERPREING STUIDES 36
3.1 Introduction 36
3.2 Basic Notions and Categorizations in Interpreting 37
3.2.1 Defining Interpreting 37
3.2.2 Interpreting Modes 38
3.2.3 Interpreting Settings 39
3.2.4 Interpreting Directionality 43
3.2.5 Interpreting Language Modality 45
3.3 Overview of Conference Interpreting Studies 46
3.3.1 A Brief of Conference Interpreting Studies 46
3.3.2 Developmentstages of Conference Interpreting Studies 47
3.2.3 Factors that Led to the Growth of Conference Interpreting Studies 50
3.4 Review of Simultaneous Interpreting Studies 51
3.4.1 Cognitive Issues 52
3.4.2 Bilingualism 52
3.4.3 Linguistic Dominance vs Linguistic Balance 52
3.4.4 Attention 53
3.4.5 Comprehension 54
3.4.6 Memory 57
3.4.7 Processing Models 60
3.4.8 Error Analysis 62
3.4.9 Interpreting Strategies 63
3.4.10 Language Issues 69
3.4.11 Professional Issues 73
3.4.12 Quality Issues 79
3.4.13 Training Issues 89
3.5 Summary 104
Chapter 4 OVERVIEW OF CONFERENCE INTERPRETING STUDIES（Ⅱ）：CONFERNECE CONSECUTIVE INTERPREING STUDIES 105
4.1 Introduction 105
4.2 History of Consecutive Interpreting and Its Status in Conference Interpreting 105
4.3 Review of Consecutive Interpreting Studies 107
4.3.1 Attention 107
4.3.2 Memory and Note-Taking 107
4.3.3 Language issues 111
4.3.4 Strategies 119
4.3.5 Process Models 121
4.3.6 Quality Issues 125
4.3.7 Role Issues 126
4.3.8 Contrastive Studies 133
4.3.9 Interdisciplinary Approach to Consecutive Interpreting 134
4.3.10 Training Issues 142
4.4 Summary 153
Chapter 5 THE ORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 154
5.1 Introduction 154
5.2 Descriptive Translation Studies 154
5.3 Systemic Functional Linguistics（SFL） 156
5.4 Research Design 159
5.4.1 Procedures for Collecting Data 160
5.4.2 Methods for Data Analysis 164
Chapter 6 OVERVIEW OF SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL LINGUISTICS 169
6.1 Introduction 169
6.2 Functional Grammar and Text Analysis 169
6.3 Context and Text 170
6.4 Experiential Meaning and Lexicogrammar 171
6.4.1 Processes and Participants 172
6.4.2 Circumstance 177
6.5 Interpersonal Meaning and Lexicogrammar 185
6.5.1 Mood System 187
6.5.2 Pronominal Systemn 189
6.5.3 Modality System 191
6.5.4 Interpersonal“lubricants” 198
6.6 Cohesion as Textual Meaning 198
6.6.1 Reference 199
6.6.2 Substitution and Ellipsis 203
6.6.3 Conjunction 204
6.6.4 Lexical Cohesion 205
6.7 Logical Meaning 206
6.8 Summary 208
Chapter 7 SHIFT PATTERNS OF EXPERIENTIAL MEANING 209
7.1 Introduction 209
7.2 Shift Patterns of Experiential Meaning at the Macro-Level and Possible Motivations 209
7.2.1 Omission of Experiential Meaning 209
7.2.2 Addition of Experiential Meaning 217
7.2.3 Correction of Experiential Meaning 232
7.2.4 Conversion of Experiential Meaning 239
7.3 Shift Patterns of Experiential Meaning at the Micro-Level and Possible Motivations 251
7.3.1 Material Process to Relational Attributive Process 251
7.3.2 Relational Attributive Process to Material Process 253
7.3.3 Material Process to Existential Process 254
7.3.4 Relational Attributive Process to Verbal Process 255
7.3.5 Relational Attributive Process to Mental Process 255
7.3.6 Verbal Process to Relational Attributive Process 255
7.3.7 Process to Circumstance 256
7.3.8 Adverbial Circumstance to Prepositional Circumstance 257
7.3.9 Adverbial Circumstance to Process 259
7.4 Discussion and Conclusion 260
7.4.1 Shift Patterns of Experiential Meaning at the Macro-Level 260
7.4.2 Shift Patterns of Experiential Meaning at the Micro-Level 263
Chapter 8 SHIFT PATTERNS OF INTERPERSONAL MEANING 266
8.1 Introduction 266
8.2 Shift Patterns of Interpersonal Meaning and Their Possible Motivations 266
8.2.1 Shift Patterns of Questions 266
8.2.2 Shift Patterns of Person 270
8.2.3 Shift Patterns of Modality 278
8.2.4 Shift Patterns of Other Interpersonal Expressions 286
8.3 Discussion and Conclusion 293
Chapter 9 SHIFT PATTERNS OF COHESION AS TEXTUAL MEANING 299
9.1 Introduction 299
9.2 Shift Patterns of Cohesion and Possible Motivations 299
9.2.1 Shift Patterns of Reference 299
9.2.2 Shift Patterns of Substitution 304
9.2.3 Shift Patterns of Ellipsis 306
9.2.4 Shift Patterns of Conjunction 307
9.2.5 Shift Patterns of Lexical Cohesion 313
9.3 Discussion and Conclusion 319
Chapter 10 SHIFT PATTERNS OF LOGICAL MEANING 322
10.1 Introduction 322
10.2 Shift Patterns of Logical Meaning and Possible Motivations 322
10.2.1 Conjunction Addition within Paratactic structure 323
10.2.2 Conjunction Addition within Hypotactic Structure 327
10.3 Discussion and Conclusion 336
Chapter 11 CONCLUSION 339
11.1 The Contributions of the Study 339
11.2 Limitations and Future Research Directions 341
References 343
Appendixes 395