CHAPTER 1 BASIC CONCEPT 1
1.1 Storage 1
1.1.1 Hard Disks 1
1.1.2 Floppy Disks 1
1.1.3 How Hard and Floppy Disks Work 1
1.1.4 Compact Disks 2
1.1.5 Uses of Floppy Disks 2
1.1.6 Uses of Compact Disks 2
1.2 Outer Hardware 3
1.2.1 The Basics 3
1.2.2 Input Devices 3
1.2.3 Output Devices 4
Notes 4
Keywords 5
Exercise 5
Related Topics 6
Additional Reading Flash Memory 8
CHAPTER 2 HOW HARD DISKS WORK 12
2.1 Hard Disk Basics 12
2.2 Cassette Tape vs.Hard Disk 12
2.3 Capacity and Performance 13
2.4 Inside:Electronics Board 13
2.5 Inside:Beneath the Board 14
2.6 Inside:Platters and Heads 14
2.7 Storing the Data 14
Notes 15
Keywords 15
Exercise 16
Related Topics 16
Additional Reading How Tape Recorders Work 20
3.1 The Basics 24
3.2 Display Technology Background 24
CHAPTER 3 HOW COMPUTER MONITORS WORK 24
3.3 Display Technology:VGA 25
3.4 Display Technology:DVI 25
3.5 Viewable Area 26
3.6 Maximum Resolution and Dot Pitch 26
3.7 Refresh Rate 26
3.8 Color Depth 27
3.9 Power Consumption 27
3.10 Monitor Trends:Flat Panels 28
Notes 28
Keywords 29
Exercise 30
Related Topics 30
Additional Reading Liquid crystal display 34
CHAPTER 4 COMPUTER MICE 38
4.1 Evolution 38
4.2 The Optical Mouse 39
Notes 40
Keywords 41
Exercise 41
Related Topics 42
Additional Reading Floppy Disk Drives 44
CHAPTER 5 HOW BITS AND BYTES WORK 47
5.1 Decimal Numbers 47
5.2 Bits 47
5.3 Bytes 48
5.4 Bytes:ASCII 49
5.5 Standard ASCII Character Set 50
5.6 Lots of Bytes 51
5.7 Binary Math 51
5.8 Quick Recap 52
Notes 52
Keywords 52
Related Topics 53
Exercise 53
Additional Reading How Boolean Logic Works 55
CHAPTER 6 MICROPROCESSORS 63
6.1 Microprocessor History 63
6.2 Microprocessor Progression 63
6.3 Inside a Microprocessor 64
6.4 Microprocessor Instructions 66
6.5 Decoding Microprocessor Instructions 69
6.6 Microprocessor Performance 69
6.7 Microprocessor Trends 70
6.8 64-bit Processors 70
Notes 71
Keywords 71
Exercise 72
Related Topics 72
Additional Reading E-Commerce 74
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATION SOFTWARE 82
7.1 What is Software 82
7.2 Programming Languages 82
7.2.1 Assemblers 82
7.2.2 Compilers and interpreters 83
7.2.3 Nonprocedural Languages 83
7.3 Libraries 84
7.4 The Program Development Process 84
7.4.1 Problem Definition 84
7.4.2 Planning 85
7.4.3 Writing the Program 85
7.4.4 Debug and Documentation 85
7.4.5 Maintenance 85
7.5 Writing your Own Programs 86
Notes 86
Exercise 87
Related Topics 87
Keywords 87
Additional Reading Computer software 89
CHAPTER 8 COMPILER 92
8.1 Introduction to Compiler 92
8.2 Introduction and history 92
8.3 Types of compilers 93
8.4 Compiled vs interpreted languages 93
8.5 Compiler design 94
8.6 Compiler front end 94
8.7 Compiler back end 95
8.8 Notes 95
8.9 References 95
Notes 96
Keywords 96
Exercise 96
Related Topics 97
Additional Reading Assembly language 99
9.1 A Little Terminology 104
CHAPTER 9 HOW JAVA WORKS 104
9.2 Downloading the Java Compiler 105
9.3 Your First Program 106
9.4 Understanding What Just Happened 108
Notes 110
Exercise 111
Related Topics 111
Keywords 111
Additional Reading How Perl Works 112
CHAPTER 10 POSITIONING VISUAL C++ IN THE DESKTOP DATABASE MARKET 118
Notes 120
Keywords 121
Exercise 121
Related Topics 122
Additional Reading C++ 124
11.2.1 Strong artificial intelligence 130
11.2 Strong AI and weak AI 130
CHAPTER 11 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 130
11.1 Overview 130
11.2.2 Weak artificial intelligence 131
11.2.3 Philosophical criticism and support of strong AI 131
11.3 History Development of AI theory 132
Notes 134
Keywords 135
Exercise 135
Related Topics 136
Additional Reading Alan Turing 138
CHAPTER 12 NEURAL NETWORK 143
12.1 Structure 143
12.1.1 Models 143
12.3.1 Usefulness 144
12.3 Applications 144
12.2 Advantages 144
12.1.2 Calculations 144
12.3.2 Real life applications 145
12.4 Types of neural networks 145
12.4.1 Single-layer perceptron 145
12.4.2 Multi-layer perceptron 146
12.4.3 Recurrent network 147
12.4.4 Hopfield network 147
12.4.5 Boltzmann machine 147
12.4.6 Committee of machines 148
12.4.7 Instantaneously trained networks 148
12.4.8 Spiking neural networks 148
12.5 Relation to optimization techniques 148
Notes 149
Related Topics 149
Keywords 152
Additional Reading Genetic Algorithm 153
Exercise 153
CHAPTER 13 HOW DSL WORK 160
13.1 Telephone Lines 160
13.2 Asymmetrical DSL 161
13.3 Distance Limitations 161
13.4 Splitting the Signal:CAP 162
13.5 Splitting the Signal:DMT 162
13.6 DSL Equipment 162
13.7 DSL Equipment:Transceiver 163
13.8 DSL Equipment:DSLAM 163
Notes 163
Keywords 164
Exercise 164
Related Topics 165
Additional Reading How Telephones Work 167
14.1 A Network Example 171
CHAPTER 14 INTERNET INFRASTRUCTURE 171
14.2 Bridging The Divide 172
14.3 Backbones 172
14.4 Internet Protocol:IP Addresses Domain Name System 172
14.5 Uniform Resource Locators 173
14.6 Clients,Servers and Ports 174
Notes 175
Keywords 175
Related Topics 176
Exercise 176
Additional Reading Modem 178
DNS 179
Uniform Resource Locator 179
Client-server 180
CHAPTER 15 HOW INTERNET SEARCH ENGINES WORK 181
15.1 Looking at the Web 181
15.1.1 An Itsy-Bitsy Beginning 182
15.2 Building the Index 183
15.1.2 Meta Tags 183
15.3 Building a Search 184
15.4 Future Search 185
Notes 185
Keywords 186
Exercise 187
Related Topics 187
Additional Reading Internet Explorer 190
CHAPTER 16 ENCRYPTION 195
16.1 In the Key of 195
16.1.1 Symmetric Key 195
16.1.2 Public Key 196
16.2 Hash This 197
16.3 Are You Authentic 197
Keywords 199
Exercise 199
Notes 199
Related Topics 200
Additional Reading Identity Theft 202
CHAPTER 17 TAKING A CLOSER LOOK AT THE DCE 211
17.1 Common threads 211
17.2 Remote calls 212
17.3 Directory services 212
17.5 Distributed File System 213
17.4 Distributed Security Service 213
17.6 Distributed time service 214
17.7 Extending and using the DCE 214
Notes 214
Keywords 215
Exercise 215
Related Topics 215
Additional Reading How to Kerberize your site 217
18.2 The MP3 Format 227
CHAPTER 18 HOW MP3 FILES WORK 227
18.1 introduction to MP3 files 227
18.3 Using the MP3 Format 228
18.4 Downloading and Listening 229
18.5 Creating Your Own 230
18.6 Distributing Original Music 231
Notes 231
Keywords 231
Exercise 232
Related Topics 232
Additional Reading Sound Cards 233
USB Ports 236
CHAPTER 19 SHOCKWAVE 3-D TECHNOLOGY 241
19.1 Uses of Shockwave Technology 242
19.2 Making 3-D Content Accessible 243
Notes 245
19.3 Developing New 3-D Content 245
Keywords 246
Exercise 246
Related Topics 247
Additional Reading Computer Viruses 252
CHAPTER 20 HOW PLAYSTATION 2 WORKS 259
20.1 History 259
20.2 Console 260
20.3 Controller 262
20.4 Games 264
Notes 265
Keywords 265
Exercise 266
Related Topics 266
Additional Reading How Video Game Systems Work 268
参考译文 278
参考文献 347